β cell stress not only drives loss of functional β cell mass but also may fuel autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes.

β cell stress not only drives loss of functional β cell mass but also may fuel autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes.

UW–Madison researchers have discovered a mechanism that could one day help people at risk of developing the metabolic disease.

Modulating the unfolded protein response (UPR) can induce protective dedifferentiation of β-cells in non-obese diabetic mice. Here, the authors show that β-cell deletion of UPR transcription factor XB...

LONP1, whose expression is downregulated in islets from donors with type 2 diabetes, is vital to mediate efficient mitochondrial protein folding, thus preventing proteotoxicity and promoting islet β c...

Nanaware et al. characterize peptides presented by MHC proteins in inflamed human pancreatic islets and test them for reactivity with CD4 and CD8 T cells from patients with T1D. These results identify...

Research on Drosophila neurons shows links between the need to sleep and aerobic metabolism, indicating that the pressure to sleep may have a mitochondrial origin.

Tong et al. utilize advanced imaging approaches to reveal that beta cells located next to alpha cells are specially adapted as glucagon sensors by virtue of their high expression levels of GLP1R. Thes...

Aims/hypothesis Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, and low doses of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) have individually shown efficacy in preserving beta cell function in people with recent-onset sympt...

Nearly 1 in 3 American adolescents have prediabetes, a CDC report finds. An official notes "it’s not too late to change course."

Maintenance of mitochondrial redox homeostasis is of fundamental importance to cellular health. Mitochondria harbor a host of intrinsic antioxidant defenses, but the contribution of extrinsic, nonmito...

Redox signalling is emerging as an important regulator of metabolism and physiology, which is dysregulated in ageing and disease. Here, the authors show that redox regulation of a key redox sensitive ...

Pathogenic variants in the mitochondrial outer membrane GTPase MFN2 cause the peripheral neuropathy Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 2A (CMT2A). These mutations disrupt MFN2-dependent regulation of diverse as...

But eliminating cysteine, which is found in high-protein foods, from human diets would be challenging.

Lysosomes are damaged in quiescent cells, and UPR regulators, IRE-1/XBP-1, promote lysosome repair for cell-cycle re-entry. Lysosome damage in quiescent cells is caused in part by macroautophagy and i...

Mitochondria serve as central hubs in cellular metabolism by sensing, integrating, and responding to metabolic demands. This integrative function is a…

STING signaling in the innate immune system is well known for its role in the antiviral type I interferon response. Tang et al. find that STING acts as an immune sensor of lysosomal activity. When the lysosome becomes defective, STING is activated and exerts a dual function that induces both immune signaling and lysosomal biogenesis.

Mitochondrial endosymbiosis was a pivotal event in eukaryotic evolution, requiring core proteins to adapt to function both within the mitochondria and in the host cell. Here, we systematically profile...

Nature - A study describes the split integrated stress response, a cellular stress response mechanism characterized by reduced eIF2B activity without eIF2α phosphorylation, which activates the...

β cell antigen–specific CD4+ T cell responses in children with T1D can be measured using a simple whole-blood assay.

A growing body of work suggests that cell metabolism — the chemical reactions that provide energy and building materials — plays a vital, overlooked role in the first steps of life.

Aging is the risk factor for chronic pancreatitis and its acute attack. Here, the authors show that exocrine acinar cells received endocrine β-cell-derived miR-503-322 and caused pancreas autodigestio...

Nature Metabolism, Published online: 17 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s42255-025-01237-6This broad group of authors summarizes the impact of circadian factors on metabolic biology and offers recommendations on how to account for and report biological,…

Therapeutic antibody design is a complex multi-property optimization problem that traditionally relies on expensive search through sequence space. Here, we introduce “Lab-in-the-loop,” a paradigm shif...

The natural history and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, particularly during the autoantibody-positive stages preceding clinical onset, are not well understood, in part, due to limited availability of...

Senescent cells accumulate in tissues with aging and disease but are difficult to detect due to distinct cell-type-specific senescence phenotypes. Here, the authors present the SenePy algorithm to ide...

Wu et al. provide new insights into how aspartame consumption exacerbates atherosclerosis through an insulin-dependent mechanism. Aspartame-triggered high insulin levels upregulate the endothelial mem...

The Trump administration is exploiting a loophole to keep a funding freeze in place, leaving researchers in limbo.

We find that, in mice, although the individual loss of Parkin or OMA1 does not affect mitochondrial integrity, their combined loss results in small body size, low locomotor activity, premature death, ...

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β cell dedifferentiation underlies diabetes mellitus in Wolfram syndrome, and Txnip inhibition prevents β cell regression in Wfs1-deficient mice.

The famous physicist's legacy looms large 150 years after her birth

Move to cut indirect cost rate to 15% could cost universities billions of dollars

RNA splicing enables the functional adaptation of cells to changing contexts. Impaired splicing has been associated with diseases, including retinitis pigmentosa, but the underlying molecular mechanis...

Job Summary: The Researcher will work with the principal investigator and graduate students or postdocs in the Engin Lab within the Biomolecular Chemistry Department to establish a robust research p...