This narrative review provides a historical perspective on how observational research on type 2 diabetes has been developed and consolidated over the last 50 years and how well-designed cohort studies...

Aims/hypothesis Chronic iron overload represents a significant morbidity in transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia (TDT), leading to various complications, including diabetes and CVDs. The glucagon-like...

Gut bacteria convert inorganic nitrate and non-heme iron into bioactive dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) that distribute systemically and signal independently of free nitric oxide. These microbe-deri...

Adult intestinal size plasticity is driven not only by epithelial stem cells but also by remodeling of the surrounding visceral musculature. Sex- and reproduction-dependent muscle remodeling controls ...

Rather than intervening when dysglycemia is established, prevention efforts should focus on prediabetes remission and restoration of normoglycemia. Here the authors call for a new agenda informed by m...

A chemical screen identified a PRC2–AR–ETV1–PPP axis that regulates β cell identity features in α cells. An intermediate PPP metabolite, methyl esterified 6-phosphogluconate, induced metabolic reprogr...

Islets of Langerhans constitute the endocrine component of the pancreas and comprise the main cell types responsible for the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Beta cells produce and secrete insulin, ...

A phase 2 trial of setmelanotide, a melanocortin-4 receptor agonist, showed substantial weight loss in patients with acquired hypothalamic obesity, but additional data are needed. We conducted a ph...

Islet α cells are required for meal tolerance by tuning synchrony, cluster size, and signal propagation of β cell networks.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its more severe and aggressive form, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), represent liver-specific consequences...

Exercise-mediated neuroprotection in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis is reduced in mice lacking the irisin-encoding gene, Fndc5, and can be recapitulated by peripheral administration of irisin.

Aims/hypothesis Loss of islet beta cell function and mass are critical in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, a disease in which ~90% of individuals exhibit islet amyloid deposition. Amyloid deposits...

WASHINGTON — The National Academy of Sciences announced today the election of 120 members and 25 international members in recognition of their distinguished and continuing achievements in original res...

A growing body of research suggests that GLP-1 drugs do more than control appetite and blood sugar. They could also fight inflammation

The study showed in a placebo-controlled crossover design that 4-week treatment with β2-adrenergic agonist clenbuterol enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle but not brown adipo...

INTRODUCTION This post hoc analysis of the Researching Cardiovascular Events with a Weekly Incretin in Diabetes (REWIND) trial examined associations between dulaglutide, Alzheimer's disease and rela...

Johnson et al. discuss the role of dietary and endogenous fructose as a calorie source and modulator of metabolic health and disease.

Paediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents worldwide and is increasing alongside rising rates...

In vivo regulation of neuronal lipid droplet formation mediates whole-body energy homeostasis in a sex-specific manner in Drosophila and mice.

This study uses genome-wide screening and mouse genetics to uncover how cells control proinsulin, identifying the Golgi as a central hub and revealing PDIA6 as a key regulator of proinsulin production...

Multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identifies risk loci for severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. Downstream analyses explore maternal and fetal contributions of these loci and their temporal effect...

Hypothalamic POMC neurons are critical for energy balance. Here, authors show that TOX3 in these neurons regulates metabolism by promoting PTEN degradation and AKT activation, enhancing thermogenesis ...

Obesity is a global health crisis. Currently available treatments, while effective, show several undesirable side effects that hinder their long-term …

Translational Psychiatry - Not only gut feelings: pancreatic hormone, amylin, controls emotionality and sociability, in a sex divergent manner

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular communication by transferring signaling macromolecules. Unexpectedly, the author here identifies that adipocyte-specific loss of SMPD3 triggers neighboring preadipocytes to release EVs containing SMPD3 mRNA, restoring SMPD3 expression in genetically null adipocytes.

Regular physical activity is fundamental in promoting health; however, uncovering the molecular adaptations remains challenging in humans. Rodent models have been indispensable for unveiling biologica...

Tirzepatide, a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist for type 2 diabetes and obesity, carries a theoretical risk of pancreatitis. Whether risk varies by dos…

This study demonstrates that overexpression of irisin, an exercise-induced myokine, ameliorates obesity and insulin resistance in high-fat-diet-fed mice by increasing local IL-33 production and preser...

Thermogenic adipocytes are a potential therapy to combat obesity, although the process underlying their activation remains unclear. Here, the authors use epigenetic profiling to demonstrate RUNX1 and ...

This meta-analysis evaluates the reported outcomes of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists beyond glycemic control, weight management, and cardiorenal protection and assesses the credibil...

ROS-mediated sulfenylation or ‘oxidative activation’ of p-GSK-3β can terminate glycogenesis and initiate gluconeogenesis by modulating Gys2 and FoxO1, leading to hepatic insulin resistance.

A prespecified analysis from the SELECT trial showed that semaglutide reduces major adverse cardiovascular events by 20% compared with placebo, particularly in patients at high risk of fibrosis, as in...