How semantic information influences phonetic processing during speech perception remains unclear. Here, the authors show that semantic predictions reshape phonetic representations in human temporal co...

The Transmitter and Neuromatch surveyed more than 300 early-career neuroscientists to better understand their unique challenges, career aspirations and support needs.

Neural sequences, characterized by neurons or groups of neurons that fire one after the other, have been observed in multiple brain regions, across species, and are known to underlie a diversity of br...

The human brain must rapidly construct hierarchical structures to organize complex sequential behavior, yet the neural dynamics supporting this process during natural behavior remain poorly understood...

Cortical pyramidal neurons project a long apical dendrite to layer 1 (L1), to receive synaptic inputs that are thought to provide contextual and possibly suppressive modulation. In visual cortex, thes...

Neurons in the brain are often many synapses away from motoneurons, yet if a movement results in error, each distant neuron needs a teacher that considers its specific contribution to production of th...

Mental representations are the explanatory construct of the cognitive sciences, but there is no widely accepted characterization of how they cause behavior. Visual representational geometry can be quantified by similarity scores, but almost all methods require an explicit judgment. To examine how representations cause behavior by varying task demands, observers must perform different tasks while continuously reporting similarity, leading to dual-task interference. This study develops scanpaths as an implicit similarity measure, and uses representational similarity analysis to validate it. Observers searched for a target; fixations on distractors may reveal similarity. Similarity was also quantified by an odd-one-out task in the same participants, and ratings from different participants (Jiang et al. 2022). Representational geometries between tasks correlated. A generative model predicted first fixations in novel data. This double validation of the scanpath method opens the door to examining the causality of representations by determining if and how they vary with task demands. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

Cortical circuits prioritize diversity over categorical structure, supporting a computational regime geared towards high-dimensional, highly separable neural representations.

Humans handle numbers nimbly, suggesting a richer neural manifold structure than the prevalent mental number line model. In populations of medial temporal lobe (MTL) neurons in humans performing two s...

This review integrates computational approaches to provide a unified view on how data analysis methods, biophysical mechanistic models and machine learning approaches can help to uncover the origins a...

Biological systems maintain function in fluctuating environments by transforming past stimulation into internal dynamical states that support future-oriented responses. Reservoir computing provides a ...

Perceptual multistability, observed across species and sensory modalities, offers valuable insights into numerous cognitive functions and dysfunctions. For instance, differences in temporal dynamics a...