CRISPR–Cas systems in prokaryotes serve as adaptive immune systems that neutralize phage infections through RNA-guided nucleases. Immunization is achi…

Defense-associated reverse transcriptases (DRTs) employ DNA synthesis to protect bacteria against phage infection[1][1],[2][2]. We previously showed that DRT10, a tripartite system comprising an RT, a...

The nucleotide addition cycle (NAC) of multisubunit DNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RNAPs) involves coordinated conformational changes in conserved ...

Protein phosphorylation is dynamically regulated by the opposing activities of phosphowriter enzymes (kinases) and phosphoeraser enzymes (phosphata...

Flavin-dependent halogenases (FDHs) provide a biocatalytic approach for the site-selective halogenation of aromatic compounds, but their use in late-stage functionalization of peptides has remained li...

Cas9 structures explain topology sensing and off-target activation.

CRISPR-Cas systems are diverse, with microbes harboring multiple classes and subtypes. Type I DNA-targeting and type III RNA-targeting systems often c…

Human Schlafen proteins restrict viral replication by cleaving tRNA, thereby suppressing protein synthesis. Although the ribonuclease domain of Schlafen proteins is conserved across all domains of lif...

Reverse transcriptases (RTs) have well-established roles in the replication and spread of retroviruses and retrotransposons. However, recent evidence suggests that RTs have been conscripted by cells f...

Bacteria defend themselves from viral predation using diverse immune systems, many of which sense and target foreign DNA for degradation. Defense-associated reverse transcriptase (DRT) systems provide...

Bacterial resistance to bacteriophages (phages) relies on two primary strategies: preventing phage attachment and blocking post-attachment steps. These latter mechanisms are mediated by defence system...

Bacteriophages are the most abundant and phylogenetically diverse biological entities on Earth, yet the ecological mechanisms that sustain this extraordinary diversity remain unclear. In this study, w...

Protein synthesis begins with the formation of a ribosome-messenger RNA (mRNA) complex. In bacteria, the small ribosomal subunit (30S) is recruited to many mRNAs through base pairing with the Shine-Da...

We are excited to welcome you to Ōtautahi Christchurch, New Zealand for the CRISPR 2025 Conference. For the very first time, the annual CRISPR meeting is venturing into the Southern Hemisphere, making...

Abstract. Poly(UG) or ‘pUG’ dinucleotide repeats are highly abundant sequences in eukaryotic RNAs. In Caenorhabditis elegans, pUGs are added to RNA 3′ ends

An antibody-based approach to enrich ubiquitinated peptides reveals Arabidopsis root, seedling, and leaf ubiquitinomes.

Base editing is a CRISPR-based technology that enables high-throughput, nucleotide-level functional interrogation of the genome, which is essential for understanding the genetic basis of human disease...