Abstract. During the European Neolithic, migrating Anatolian farmers admixed with local hunter-gatherers, coinciding with major shifts in diet, environment

Abstract. The fossil record is incomplete, as evidenced by the pervasive presence of ghost lineages throughout the Tree of Life. For example, across placen

Abstract. Global insect pollinator populations are under threat, with reported declines attributed to increasing habitat loss, pesticide use, and disease.

Abstract. Mitochondrial function depends on tight coordination between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes, which requires long-term coevolution to maintain

Abstract. Natural host populations are age-structured, and developmental stages differ in susceptibility and within-host pathogen dynamics, potentially imp

Abstract. Natural host populations are age-structured, and developmental stages differ in susceptibility and within-host pathogen dynamics, potentially imp

Abstract. Although strict maternal transmission of mitochondria is a general feature of animals for ensuring homogeneity in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) acros

Abstract. Pleiotropy, the phenomenon where a single mutation influences multiple phenotypic traits, creates genetic correlations that can constrain evoluti

Abstract. Pleiotropy, the phenomenon where a single mutation influences multiple phenotypic traits, creates genetic correlations that can constrain evoluti

Abstract. Understanding how species adapt to new environments is a central goal in evolutionary biology, and a topical question in climate change research.

Abstract. The vast majority of plants form mycorrhizal symbioses. The ecological importance of these mutualistic interactions has sparked interest in their

Abstract. Transcriptional adaptation (TA) is a regulatory process in which loss or disruption of gene function caused by protein-truncating variants (PTVs)

Abstract. The distribution of fitness effects (DFE)—describing how harmful, neutral, or beneficial new mutations are—is central to understanding how popula

Abstract. Exoskeletons define arthropods, providing support for segmented bodies and appendages while protecting against environmental stress and predation

Molecular Biology and Evolution (MBE) invites submissions for a special series on the evolutionary inferences made possible by the new generation of high-qualit

Abstract. Saliva forms the first biochemical interface with the environment, mediating dietary exposure and oral defense. Proline-rich proteins (PRPs) in s

Abstract. Mitogenomic datasets are central to molecular evolution and phylogenetics, yet preparatory workflows remain labor-intensive and prone to errors i

Abstract. Comparative genomics provides a powerful framework to uncover the molecular and evolutionary mechanisms that shape genetic diversity, revealing h

Abstract. Changes in regulatory sequences controlling the timing and activity of gene products underlie much of natural phenotypic variation. Yet, identify

Abstract. Standard probabilistic models of coding sequence evolution effectively identify where and when selection acts but remain agnostic to the mechanis

This is a retraction of: Shabnam Mohammadi, Halil İbrahim Özdemir, Pemra Ozbek, Fidan Sumbul, Josefin Stiller, Yuan Deng, Andrew J Crawford, Hannah M Rowla

Abstract. Host–pathogen interactions evolve rapidly within species, providing natural genetic resources for the identification of specific ecological inter

Abstract. Convergent evolution provides a useful framework for testing whether independent origins of similar traits share common genetic mechanisms. Evolu

Abstract. Convergent evolution provides a useful framework for testing whether independent origins of similar traits share common genetic mechanisms. Evolu

Abstract. The surface layer of the skin and hard skin appendages of land-dwelling vertebrates depend on epithelial differentiation-associated proteins, whi

Abstract. Understanding how the myriad molecular impacts of mutation percolate to influence higher-order traits and ultimately fitness requires compressing

Abstract. Synonymous mutations do not alter proteins but undergo natural selection in many species. For Drosophila melanogaster, reports on selection stren