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Vector competence across Aedes aegypti populations shaped by host-preference adaptation and host-pathogen interactions | Journal of Virology
Mosquitoes are vectors for numerous arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) that are a huge global health burden. Chief among the vectors that transmit arboviruses is Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito, which transmits not only yellow fever virus (YFV) but also dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses. Together, these pathogens are the most prevalent arboviruses worldwide, driving recurrent epidemics, with DENV alone being responsible for ~100 million annual clinical cases and ~30,000 deaths (1, 2). In addition to these pathogens, Ae. aegypti can also function as a secondary vector for understudied arboviruses, including Mayaro, Bunyamwera, and Cache Valley viruses (3–6). The expanding global distribution of Ae. aegypti, coupled with its capacity to sustain infections with arboviruses from multiple viral taxa—e.g., Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, and Bunyavirales—poses a significant risk for viral emergence and disease transmission.