Saturn’s icy moon Enceladus features chemical signatures consistent with an alkaline soda ocean with H2 production via hydrothermal water-rock reactions. Chemolithoautotrophic methanogenesis is thermo...

CRISPR-Cas provides RNA-mediated adaptive immunity, but how its first RNA-guided effector arose is unclear. In this study, we report the discovery of Viral Interference Programmable Repeat (VIPR) syst...

Quantitative microscopy of microorganisms increasingly produces large, multidimensional datasets, yet their analysis often depends on fragmented workflows spanning file conversion, segmentation, quali...

All organisms defend against viral infections through active immunity mechanisms that clear the virus or population-level mechanisms that cause regulated cell death. Recent research increasingly shows...

The design of RNA-guided nucleases with properties not limited by evolution can expand programmable genome-editing capabilities. However, generating diverse multidomain proteins with robust enzymatic ...

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Schmierereien mit Mordaufrufen, Störungen in Seminaren und wachsender Druck: Die Marburger Historikerin Christina Brüning spricht erstmals öffentlich über Bedrohungen gegen sie, warum sie sich an ihre...

Use the Phage ORFeome Library to uncover the triggers responsible for immune activation.

Abstract. CRISPR–Cas systems provide adaptive immunity in prokaryotes by targeting and degrading invasive genetic elements. Among them, the Type I-F2 syste

Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Published online: 18 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41594-026-01754-2This study shows how the bacterial retron Eco2 defends against viruses. Phage nucleases trigger activation of Eco2, which cuts RNAs, shuts down protein production and stops phage replication.

This study shows how the bacterial retron Eco2 defends against viruses. Phage nucleases trigger activation of Eco2, which cuts RNAs, shuts down protein production and stops phage replication.

Nature Structural & Molecular Biology - This study shows how the bacterial retron Eco2 defends against viruses. Phage nucleases trigger activation of Eco2, which cuts RNAs, shuts down protein...

Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Published online: 18 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41594-026-01768-wIn this issue of Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, we are publishing two studies investigating the mechanisms of how bacteria fight phage invasion, and how phages fight back.