New work reveals a small-molecule inhibitor of the human ribosome biogenesis AAA-ATPase NVL that shows high selectivity and anti-proliferative activity. This holds promises for the development of bett...

Guo, Tao and Cruz et al. identified a selective inhibitor named MM17 of nuclear valosin-containing protein-like (NVL), an AAA+ ATPase responsible for assembly of large ribosome subunit (60S). A bioava...

40S ribosomes are degraded in diverse stress conditions. Diehl et al. find that in response to stress, TUT7 is recruited to ubiquitylated 40S ribosomes and adds 3′ oligo(U) tails to the 18S rRNA. Iter...

The Integrated Stress Response is a critical eukaryotic signaling pathway that maintains cellular proteostasis. During amino acid scarcity, the yeast kinase Gcn2 (GCN2 in humans) and its activators Gc...

Tsai et al. discover that ribosome composition is reprogrammed in response to intrinsic and external cellular perturbations, which supports ribosome remodeling as a conserved mechanism that enables ad...

Pseudouridine is the most abundant RNA base modification due to its prevalence in tRNA and rRNA, where it serves as a key modulator of structure and function. Yet, in the widely used model organism, t...

This study explores the use of graphene reservoirs formed over perforated supporting films as a method to precisely control ice thickness during cryo-EM sample preparation.

Ribosome hibernation helps cells survive stress by reversibly silencing translation and preserving ribosomal complexes. Although well characterized in bacteria and eukaryotes, archaeal hibernation rem...

A robotic, cell–free platform rapidly prototypes redesigned genetic codes, enabling the translation of proteins with reassigned codons and non-standard amino acids without altering living genomes.

The authors use selective ribosome profiling, cryo-ET and site-specific photocrosslinking to show how the ER membrane protein complex (EMC) cooperates with ribosome-bound translocons to facilitate mul...

Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) resolves and quantifies an almost complete view of bacterial translation, revealing how gene expression machineries coordinate across the processes of transcription,...

In eukaryotes, ribosome biogenesis initiates within the nucleolus, a hallmark multilayered compartment of the nucleus. Structures of pre-ribosomes have been characterized ex situ, but their assembly p...

SAMD9 and SAMD9L (SAMD9/9L) are large cytosolic proteins essential for hematopoietic homeostasis and antiviral defense (1–3). Germline gain-of-function (GoF) mutations in SAMD9/9L cause severe multisy...

The Integrated Stress Response is a critical eukaryotic signaling pathway that maintains cellular proteostasis. During amino acid scarcity, the yeast kinase Gcn2 (GCN2 in humans) and its activators Gc...

CRISPR-Cas provides RNA-mediated adaptive immunity, but how its first RNA-guided effector arose is unclear. In this study, we report the discovery of Viral Interference Programmable Repeat (VIPR) syst...

Viral interference programmable repeat (VIPR) systems use a noncontiguous code for RNA-guided transcriptional silencing. How the Vipr protein and a VIPR RNA (vrRNA) comprising alternating GGY and NN s...

Sheu-Gruttadauria et al. show that the material properties of the nucleolus are shaped by the assembly state of ribosomal precursors, which tune nucleolar

The clinical utility of doxorubicin is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Yang et al. identify an integrated stress response (ISR)-driven ATF4-METTL1-NLRP3 axis underlying this injury. ISRIB tr...

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcription rates vary during development, and their dysregulation is linked to diseases such as cancer and ribosomopathies. Owing to their high abundance and genomic redundancy...

Bacterial ribosomes can synthesize proteins encoded within their own RNA.

Resolving macromolecular structures within their native cellular environment is essential for connecting molecular architecture to physiological function, yet the field lacks accessible, high-throughp...

Human translation initiation requires single-nucleotide precision to establish the reading frame, yet initiation at non-AUG codons plays key roles in gene expression. How the initiation machinery bala...

From pursuing an impossible dream to uncovering one of the cell’s best-kept secrets and advancing the design of improved antibiotics

Ribosome function depends on interactions with diverse proteins whose activities determine translational efficiency, impose quality control and activate signaling pathways. These many competing activi...

Gao et al. show that yeast grow faster by proportionally increasing mRNA and ribosome concentrations to increase actively translating ribosomes, while elongation remains constant. A mass-action model ...

High-resolution maps and models of the bacterial ribosome provide new chemical insights into protein synthesis, and should enable the development of robust tools for cryo-EM structure modeling and ref...

Nature Communications - RNA acetylation by NAT10 is linked to disease, but its catalytic mechanism is unclear. Here, the authors report cryo-EM structures of Chaetomium thermophilum NAT10 in...

Programmed −1 ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) is a translational control mechanism used by RNA viruses to regulate the relative abundance of proteins en…

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology - The nucleolus is the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosome biogenesis. This Review discusses recent progress in understanding the dynamic,...

Nature Communications - Proteins reach the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via multiple pathways, often aided by the Signal Recognition Particle (SRP). Here, authors show that SRP acts repeatedly during...

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Nature Communications - The mechanisms underlying the role of N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) in cancer remain poorly characterised. Here, PROTAC-mediated degradation of NAT10 with a deep mutational...

Protein homeostasis relies on protein quality control (PQC) pathways that survey the proteome to eliminate aberrant polypeptides. The BAG6 complex is a central PQC factor that recognizes exposed hydro...

RNA-binding motifs in eukaryotic proteins are presented in a comprehensive resource.

Altered nucleoli are a well-established hallmark of cancer[1][1], but how oncogenic signalling remodels the nucleolus remains poorly understood. Here we used an inducible mouse model of pancreatic duc...

Nature - Structures of the AGO maturation complex reveal how chaperones and an RNA duplex drive assembly of the RNA-induced silencing complex.

Ribosomes stall when they encounter problematic codons or cellular stress that perturbs translation. Stalled ribosomes can lead to the formation of ribosome collisions, also known as disomes, that eng...

Chang et al. show that co-translational protein misfolding feeds back to ribosomes, slowing translation elongation and triggering mRNA decay. The ribosome-associated chaperone Zuo1 mediates this respo...

Altered nucleoli are a well-established hallmark of cancer[1][1], but how oncogenic signalling remodels the nucleolus remains poorly understood. Here we used an inducible mouse model of pancreatic duc...

Cell growth requires elevated protein synthesis, which depends on the production of ribosomes. Ribosome biogenesis is a complex, multi-step pathway in which newly transcribed precursor ribosomal RNA (...

The design of RNA-guided nucleases with properties not limited by evolution can expand programmable genome-editing capabilities. However, generating diverse multidomain proteins with robust enzymatic ...

Biochemical, structural and cell biological analyses reveal that UAP56 (DDX39B) assembles with a TREX-2–like module that redirects non-functional polyadenylated RNAs from export to degradati...

Translating ribosomes are stalled by amino acid starvation and by chemical damage of the mRNA template, leading to ribosome collisions. These collisions serve as signaling platforms that promote quali...

Stresses like starvation trigger degradation of mature 40S ribosomes, requiring the coordinated breakdown of large and stable RNA-protein complexes. The atypical kinase RIOK3 orchestrates degradation ...

Nature Cell Biology - Douglas et al. study the E3 ligase HOIL-1, mutated in patients with a type of myopathy. Mutant HOIL-1 influences the sensitivity to disulfidptosis initiated by...

Much of biology focuses on how genetic changes mediate new functions, but less attention is given to adaptations in other steps of the central dogma. Octopuses exhibit complex nervous systems and soph...