Cortical circuits prioritize diversity over categorical structure, supporting a computational regime geared towards high-dimensional, highly separable neural representations.

Latent inhibition refers to the observation, made in both human and nonhuman animals, that learning about the relationship between a stimulus and an outcome progresses more rapidly when the stimulus i...

This review integrates computational approaches to provide a unified view on how data analysis methods, biophysical mechanistic models and machine learning approaches can help to uncover the origins a...

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Previous brain-wide association studies (BWAS) have linked specific environmental and behavioral variables to brain variability. In this work, we mapped 649 variables to children’s brains and compared...

Perceptual multistability, observed across species and sensory modalities, offers valuable insights into numerous cognitive functions and dysfunctions. For instance, differences in temporal dynamics a...

Abstract. This special issue examines how natural and artificial intelligences (AIs) model the world, and what this modelling reveals about cognition and r

Two high-profile tools have been shown to make up data and “p-hack” their results

Nature Reviews Psychology - It is often asserted that human cognition is Bayesian, but that broad claim is difficult to test in a falsifiable way. We suggest that researchers specifically assess a...

Apparent neural encoding of future words may arise from the statistical structure of language itself, rather than from predictive computations in the brain.

The findings could impact how researchers interpret signals from techniques that use blood flow as a surrogate for neural activity.

This study shows that cerebellar circuits learn and encode prior probabilities of event timing. Cell-type-specific neural activity reflects environmental statistics and guides predictive motor behavio...

Visual perception and accompanying sensory activity are strongly shaped by top-down influences. Although several sources of this influence have been thoroughly examined in the research literature, one...

We are looking for a motivated PhD researcher to study the behavioral and neural dynamics between cognitive control and multitasking in young and aging populations.

Do you want to work as a Postdoc at the Faculty of Social Sciences? Check our vacancy!

Appeals to representation are widespread, despite neuroscientists’ uncertainty about what kind of findings count as evidence for such claims. In this Perspective, Pohl and colleagues develop a unified...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans...

Learning enables organisms to adapt to a dynamic world by forming and updating internal representations of their environment. Statistical Learning (SL…

Visual mental imagery and visual working memory are often thought to be closely related. After all, both have been argued to involve the temporary mai…

Nature - Parsimonious deep neural network models can be used for prediction of visual neuron responses.

For more than four decades, CNS 2026 keynote speaker Peter Hagoort has focused on one key question: What makes the human brain language ready?

How does the brain optimize sensory information for decision-making in new tasks? One hypothesis suggests that learning reduces redundancy in neural representations to improve efficiency, whereas anot...

The visual cortex receives a stream of high-dimensional sensory input. The role of dense local, recurrent cortical connections in shaping responses to these inputs has been unclear. Here, we show that...

Top-down projections from the orbitofrontal cortex carry predictive signals that grow with sound experience and suppress the auditory cortex via inhibitory circuits, revealing a predictive mechanism f...