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John Lees

@johnlees.bacpop.org
1.6K followers 401 following 178 posts

Pathogen informatics and modelling bacpop.org (Research group leader at EMBL-EBI - ebi.ac.uk/research/lees)

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Reposted by John Lees
romain derelle @rom12relle.bsky.social · 28/09/2026
Happy to share that our paper describing kamino, a new variant-calling tool, has been accepted for publication in MBE @molbioevol.bsky.social. Big thanks to @johnlees.bacpop.org and Leonid Chindelevitch. academic.oup.com/mbe/advance-...
academic.oup.com
Kamino: fast proteome-wide variant calling for amino acid phylogenomics
Abstract. Amino acid-based phylogenetics usually relies on first clustering and aligning orthologous proteins. This approach is powerful but computationall
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Nick Loman @pathogenomenick.bsky.social · 22/09/2026
Folks - if you're interested in how machine learning/AI can be used for microbial genomics, microbiome and metagenomics studies - please join us for a workshop in Birmingham on Thursday 8th October organised with CLIMB & NVIDIA. www.climb.ac.uk/blog/2026/09...
climb.ac.uk
Call for Applications: GPU-Accelerated Computing for Microbiome and Metagenomic Research · CLIMB
CLIMB is a cloud computing infrastructure for microbial bioinformatics — notebook servers, shared storage and reproducible workflows for genomics, metagenomics and pathogen surveillance researchers ac...
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Jeffrey Barrett @jeffbarrett.eu · 15/09/2026
Tempted to use AI to write your cover letter or email to a potential employer? RESIST! It is simultaneously obvious, insulting, and renders you totally undifferentiated from the other 80 people being considered t the same time. There has never been a better time to write concisely in your own voice!
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Leonie Lorenz @leonielorenz.bsky.social · 09/09/2026
I am excited to share that my main PhD work on developing a Wright-Fisher model for replacement dynamics in Streptococcus pneumoniae populations following vaccine introductions has been published in Genome Medicine! We used it to investigate optimal surveillance strategies. rdcu.be/UGjFZJBhKVba
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Josie Bryant @josiebryant.bsky.social · 07/09/2026
Apply to do a PhD at @sangerinstitute.bsky.social with me on global genomics of Mycobacterium abscessus bbsrcdtp.lifesci.cam.ac.uk/project-refe... About the scheme: bbsrcdtp.lifesci.cam.ac.uk/application-...
bbsrcdtp.lifesci.cam.ac.uk
Project Reference: TRG27-SAN-JB1 | Cambridge Biosciences DTP PhD Programme
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 03/09/2026
I am hiring in this round – please do apply if you are interested in: machine learning (protein/genome/gene language models), methods for pathogen data analysis, pangenomes (or share with any students who might want to work with us)
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bioRxiv Genetics @biorxiv-genetic.bsky.social · 01/09/2026
Bayesian adaptive experimental design for efficient microbial genome-wide association studies www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/20…
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Jeffrey Barrett @jeffbarrett.eu · 19/08/2026
Great run-down of the PacBio situation. Lots of detail I hadn't known about from the last several years.
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 10/08/2026
On seeing puffins: johnlees.me/posts/puffins/
johnlees.me
Puffin watching experiences, ranked
This year I went on two puffin watching experiences, and it is about time I reflect on this with a listicle / ranking. All on islands with decreasing populations of people and increasing populations o...
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 27/07/2026
Nick Croucher, Ewan Harrison and I have a project available here 'Pathogen antigen discovery and immune profiling': www.embl.org/editorhub/wp... Applications open until 27th September
embl.org
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 27/07/2026
What is an 'everyday task' and what is a 'complex problem' in bioinformatics software engineering? Feels more important use the right model now they're not so heavily subsidised! I did a small comparison on an optimisation task: johnlees.me/posts/ska2-c... Small/cheap model wasn't good enough
johnlees.me
Credit use of AI models for bioinformatics: a tiny benchmark
Agentic coding models such as codex and claude code are really useful for software engineering tasks. We sadly (and unsurprisingly) seem to be exiting the era of highly subsidised costs to get us hook...
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Josie Bryant @josiebryant.bsky.social · 08/07/2026
Very proud of this preprint out of my lab, our first (of hopefully many) host-microbe spatial transcriptomics paper. www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6... Amazing insights into P. aeruginosa biology and chronic airway disease @cysticfibrosis.org.uk @sangerinstitute.bsky.social @asthmaandlung.org.uk
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James Hay @jameshay.bsky.social · 22/06/2026
Are you a computational immunologist or bioinformatician interested in impactful vaccine research? We're hiring a postdoc to join @psioxford.bsky.social work in vaccine immunology and evaluation, working on the ChAdOx1 Nipah vaccine. Please get in touch! my.corehr.com/pls/uoxrecru...
my.corehr.com
Job Details
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 16/06/2026
We've been looking at how to compare and cluster large numbers of genomes, such as those in large isolate databases such as AllTheBacteria, and metagenome assemblies (e.g. SPIRE, MGnify). On a combined dataset of 5.6 million assemblies, we can now cluster/dereplicate everything in under a day!
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Charlotte Houldcroft @virologyhouldcroft.bsky.social · 12/06/2026
As many people guessed... MenB vaccine catch up campaign incoming for students in England, Wales and Scotland www.bbc.co.uk/news/article...
bbc.co.uk
Meningitis B vaccine to be offered to thousands of young people in July
The decision for the one-off vaccine programme follows the unprecedented outbreak in Kent this year.
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Laurent Jacob @laurentjacob.bsky.social · 03/06/2026
The video recordings of the legend 2025 conference held last December on machine learning for evolutionary genomics are now online ! Feel free to have a look if you missed the conference. www.canal-u.tv/chaines/lisn...
The legend 2025 conference logo showing a legendary being holding a tree in the palm of their hand, with snowy mountains in the background.
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 01/06/2026
If anyone likes Boards of Canada they have a new album which is good, only a mere 13 years since Tomorrow's Harvest en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferno...
en.wikipedia.org
Inferno (Boards of Canada album) - Wikipedia
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Nicholas Mancuso @nmancuso.bsky.social · 07/05/2026
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Sam Horsfield @samuelhorsfield.bsky.social · 05/05/2026
Our new preprint is out! We train a transformer on gene order and gene content of bacterial pathogens, applying it to a range of epidemiological and evolutionary analyses (1/8) www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 06/05/2026
New work on using transformers (using gene order) for tasks in genomic epidemiology: www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6... We trained BART models (w/ extended context windows) on E.coli and S.pneumo from AllTheBacteria and tested if the model could find new strains, insertions (blaCTX-M) and co-selection
Embeddings of gene order from PanBART model
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Charles Mullon @charlesmullon.bsky.social · 22/04/2026
Applications now open for the UNIL Summer School on Modelling for Evolutionary Biology (31 Aug–5 Sep 2026, Lausanne)! For PhD & postdocs interested in formal approaches to evolutionary ecology (incl. social evo, life-history, species interactions). Scholarships available, Pls RP! shorturl.at/fo1GA
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Aude Bernheim @audeber.bsky.social · 02/04/2026
How diverse is bacterial immunity ? We report in @science.org how language models allowed us to predict 2.4M antiphage proteins spanning >23K novel potential systems. 👏 @emordret.bsky.social, @alexhv.bsky.social & al doi.org/10.1126/scie... Explore them here defensefinder.mdmlab.fr/wiki/refseq_...
science.org
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Russ Corbett-Detig @russcd.bsky.social · 31/03/2026
Alex Kramer, Alan Zhang and friends posted our preprint today. In it, we introduce Panmap, a tool for phylogenetic placement, assembly, lineage abundance estimation, and eDNA assignment using phylogenetic pangenomes. www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...
biorxiv.org
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 30/03/2026
Minor update on genomics of the menB outbreak. UKHSA have updated with four more outbreak isolates, and a high quality assembly of the earlier genome. tl;dr ran ska+gubbins again, same results, all of these genomes look basically identical www.bacpop.org/blog/menb_up...
bacpop.org
Updated genomic analysis of the 2026 menB outbreak in Kent, UK
This is a brief update to the previous menB analysis we’d posted here. UKHSA have released a technical briefing and further data which includes four further isolates from the outbreak, and a high qual...
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Igor Martayan @imartayan.bsky.social · 30/03/2026
A quick rant on people vibe-translating our Rust libraries to other languages That's the second time in a week that I see new bioinformatics tools with a vibe-coded translation of our Rust libraries to C/C++. I have two major issues with that:
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Sam Horsfield @samuelhorsfield.bsky.social · 30/03/2026
...because I'm also releasing ggCallaroo! This is an-easy-to-use snakemake pipeline that runs ggCaller, Panaroo and then functionally-annotates representative proteins using Bakta, all in one tool. github.com/samhorsfield...
github.com
GitHub - samhorsfield96/ggCallaroo: A snakelike pipeline combining ggCaller and Panaroo.
A snakelike pipeline combining ggCaller and Panaroo. - samhorsfield96/ggCallaroo
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 27/03/2026
We have two paid internships available in our group starting this summer, suitable for master's / pre-PhD students: - Protein structure search - Promoter variation For full details and how to apply see: www.bacpop.org/jobs/
bacpop.org
Jobs
Working with us
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Reposted by John Lees
EMBL-EBI @ebi.embl.org · 24/03/2026
Welcome, @stephlo.bsky.social, our new Team Leader for Protein Function. Find out how Stephanie’s experience in genomics shaped her approach to protein curation and AI integration. #ProteinScience #AI www.embl.org/news/people-...
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 24/03/2026
Here is some initial population analysis on the menB outbreak genome we have done: www.bacpop.org/blog/menb/ Some recombination in e.g. pilus and porB, but nothing I can see that is hugely unexpected
bacpop.org
Initial genomic analysis of the 2026 menB outbreak in Kent, UK
We’ve done a quick analysis on the meningitis outbreak genome to try and answer whether there is anything obviously genetically unusual about the publicly available outbreak strain. We aimed for three...
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 20/03/2026
Some provisional analysis on one of the genomes from the menB outbreak detailed below: johnlees.me/posts/menb-o...
johnlees.me
menB outbreak in Kent -- first genome
Previous posts on menB: First thoughts and summary Working hypothesis for outbreak UKHSA have sequenced one of the isolates from the outbreak, which is on PubMLST (190637). This is excellent and UKHSA...
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 19/03/2026
Some more thoughts on why this outbreak (large, happening quickly, in one place) might be happening: johnlees.me/posts/menb-o... Perhaps strain + immunity + high transmission
johnlees.me
menB outbreak in Kent -- more thoughts
Posted some thoughts on the menB outbreak yesterday. Now nine more cases, total at 27. A few more thoughts today, also after discussing with some others. A local factor seems necessary. I think pathog...
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 18/03/2026
I did my PhD on bacterial meningitis, finding whether there are genetic factors which make meningitis more likely. Wrote down some initial thoughts on the current outbreak in Kent: johnlees.me/posts/menb-o... I tried to think of factors and their likelihood to explain why this is happening now
johnlees.me
menB outbreak in Kent -- initial thoughts
A cluster of meningitis cases is currently dominating the UK news. At least five of the cases have been confirmed as serotype B (menB), from what I can tell the others have not yet been analysed. My P...
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 17/03/2026
You can now view a tree of 2,399,238 bacterial genomes we made from AllTheBacteria (on the great Taxonium): taxonium.org/atb That's a big tree! (unless you're used to SC2 trees)
taxonium.org
Taxonium
Interactive exploration of large phylogenetic trees
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Gavin Douglas @gmdouglas.bsky.social · 16/03/2026
New preprint where @lbobay.bsky.social and I were motivated by the fact that non-synonymous substitutions are commonly analyzed in molecular evolution studies, but the similarity of the amino acids being substituted is an understudied area. doi.org/10.64898/202...
doi.org
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Stu West @stuwest.bsky.social · 04/03/2026
New paper showing that bacteria with more genes for cooperation can live in a broader range of habitats and that genes for cooperation are more more likely to be in the accessory genome www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/... @lauriebelch.bsky.social
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Zamin Iqbal @zaminiqbal.bsky.social · 17/02/2026
Delighted to see over 17 million new protein structure predictions from novel proteins in AllTheBacteria are now integrated into the AlphaFold Database at @ebi.embl.org ! Huge work from @gbouras13.bsky.social @oschwengers.bsky.social and friends to generate these. www.ebi.ac.uk/about/news/u...
ebi.ac.uk
AlphaFold Database welcomes community datasets
Latest AlphaFold Database update adds high-value datasets for microbial and viral proteins, generated by specialist communities
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 09/02/2026
How do bacterial pangenomes evolve, what controls their dynamics, why do they exist? Fitting a mechanistic model to 450 species from allthebacteria.org suggesting fast vs slow gene exchange (i.e. amount of MGEs) is a major differentiating factor, correlated with phylogeny rather than lifestyle
Proportion of fast genes, as a trait mapped on the bacteria-wide phylogeny
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Sam Horsfield @samuelhorsfield.bsky.social · 05/02/2026
Super excited to announce the release of gene and intergenic region annotation from the largest bacterial genome and MAG datasets available, including AllTheBacteria, GTDB, SPIRE, HRGM, mOTUs and MGnify - dereplicated and available from HuggingFace huggingface.co/AllTheBacteria
huggingface.co
Hugging Face – The AI community building the future.
We’re on a journey to advance and democratize artificial intelligence through open source and open science.
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EMBL-EBI @ebi.embl.org · 02/02/2026
Meet Leonie Johanna Lorenz 🇩🇪, a Predoctoral Fellow at EMBL-EBI who is bringing mathematical modelling to microbes. Find out more about how Leonie’s passion for modelling patterns extends from bacterial evolution to sewing 🧵 www.ebi.ac.uk/about/news/p...
Person standing outside next to a building wearing a red jacket
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 30/01/2026
We are hiring for group leaders again — EBI is a great place to start your research group! embl.wd103.myworkdayjobs.com/EMBL/job/Hin...
embl.wd103.myworkdayjobs.com
Research Group Leader
Do you want to lead groundbreaking research in computational biology? Join us at EMBL-EBI! EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) is seeking talented and highly-motivated scientists to jo...
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Everyone's least favorite lab mate @kepatitis-c.bsky.social · 06/01/2026
🎉 New year, NEW PREPRINT! Bacteria exhibit astonishing genetic diversity, but where do new genes come from? My best friend Arya Kaul (/labmate in the @baym lab) investigates how advantageous deletions can spawn new genes - "deletion-born fusions." 🧵:
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 06/01/2026
Our new preprint which reimplements "the NFDS model" (of Corander et al) to forecast populations after vaccination as a compartmental model, and uses new bioinformatic tools to create and process the pangenome data We look at which surveillance strategies are best to correctly forecast changes
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 05/01/2026
RIP automated downloads of PDFs from biorxiv it seems, I suppose we have AI to thank for that
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 05/01/2026
Some blogging from over the holiday, something for everyone I'm sure: Cooking johnlees.me/posts/xmas-d... Video games johnlees.me/posts/review... DIY johnlees.me/posts/towel-... (back to preprints tomorrow)
johnlees.me
Christmas dinner
Mostly for personal reference for next year, here were my xmas dinner notes. I forgot about stuffing, and didn’t make yorkshire puddings properly because our main oven is broken (we have a convection ...
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 15/12/2025
We're organising a microbes & deep learning session at SMBE next year -- looking forward to seeing your abstracts!
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 25/11/2025
Nice to see some of our tools getting used in public health (in this case PopPIPE, which is downstream subclustering/transmission tool to be run on PopPUNK data)
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 19/11/2025
Happy to share our new AMR resource which has phenotypic AMR (usually MIC data) collected from publications and databases. This is paired with assemblies and annotations We're excited for users who might train new models, find phenotype/genotype mismatches, or any other use
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Anders Bergström @anders-bergstrom.bsky.social · 17/11/2025
A PhD project on historical genomics in the declining red squirrel in Britain is available in my group, through the @aries-dtp.bsky.social. Use historical genomes to track the effects of decline and genetic rescue in this charismatic species. aries-dtp.ac.uk/studentships...
aries-dtp.ac.uk
Historical genomics of the declining red squirrel in Britain | Aries
Dr Anders Bergström, School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia Professor Cock van Oosterhout, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia Dr Selina Brace…
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John Lees @johnlees.bacpop.org · 14/11/2025
Congratulations to Zam!
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