Macrophages can sample antigens from living cells through a trogocytosis-like mechanism that routes ingested material away from degradation, a finding that delineates a previously unknown pathway...

The rate of axon ensheathment varies within individual myelinating processes, resulting in chains of myelin sheaths connected by bridges consisting of thin cytoplasmic processes that provide&nbsp...

Sabatino and colleagues examine expanded CD8+ T cell clonotypes from a small cohort of multiple sclerosis patients. They identified several cognate peptide epitopes that derive from Epstein–Barr virus...

Zhu et al. find that aging causes region-specific myelin damage in the spinal cord, which is counteracted by enhanced TGFβ signaling in microglia, revealing a protective mechanism for healthy aging.

Aging is associated with progressive white matter degeneration, which impairs brain structure and function. Defects in myelinating glial cells, combined with chronic neuroinflammation, contr

How reduced blood flow plays a role in progressive white matter loss during aging and associated cognitive decline is unclear. Here the authors show that selective constriction and rarefaction of capi...

Neuronal proteasomal dysfunction is a hallmark of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. This study reveals that the interferon-induced immunoproteasome drastically decreases proteasomal ac...

White matter aging leads to degenerative and inflammatory changes. Here the authors show that microglial dysfunction exacerbates glial CXCL10 expression, harmful CD8+ T cell recruitment, myelinated ax...

Ge et al. report a maladaptive innate/adaptive immune axis in which CXCR6+CD8+ T cells, recruited by glycolytically reprogrammed microglia/macrophage-derived CXCL16 chemokines, play an important role ...

Remyelination, the process by which axons are re-encased in myelin after injury, is a critical step in restoring brain function, yet the dynamics from initial injury to repair remain poorly characteri...

Emerging evidence highlights the dual role of oligodendrocytes in Alzheimer’s disease, both providing protective mechanisms against the pathology and contributing to its progression.

The 5xFAD transgenic model, popular in Alzheimer’s disease research, exhibits varying cerebral plaque burden depending on the parental source of the transgene. Mice inheriting the transgene paternally...

Aging leads to a decrease in white matter volume and damage to myelinated axons, contributing to neurodegeneration. Myelin breakdown can trigger inflammation, creating a vicious cycle that causes further damage. Understanding these changes is key to preventing age-related neurodegenerative disease.

Nature - A spatially resolved single-cell transcriptomics map of the mouse brain at different ages reveals signatures of ageing, rejuvenation and disease, including ageing effects associated with T...