ALT: Gandalf's Iconic 'Fly, You Fools!' Line

Abstract. Efficient purification of specific RNAs from lysates remains a major challenge. Existing methods, such as MS2 tagging or oligonucleotide hybridiz

As they say at the awards shows, I was humbled to learn that Christopher Nolan has read at least the first line of my...

Unexpected flexibility and evolutionary constraints shape how HIV-1 overcomes a key human antiviral protein.

Adaptive immunity relies on T-cell receptor (TCR) recognition of peptides presented by the major histocompatibility complex (pMHC). Accurate prediction of TCR:pMHC binding pairs from sequence data rem...

Here we introduce OpenEvo, a fully open-source, low-cost turbidostat platform for automated continuous culture and directed evolution experiments. Existing tools are expensive, complex, or lack open-s...

ALT: England Fans Cheer: Come On England!

ALT: Breaking Bad: This Is What We'Ve Been Working For

LONDON—Springer Nature CEO Willem Klaassen-Hooft opened a 2016 Châteauneuf-du-Pape he had been saving for the right occasion Tuesday evening after reading that an open science advocate had used AI to ...

Transfer RNA (tRNA) halves (tRHs) are generated via the cleavage of tRNAs, but their roles in aging and longevity remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate a direct role of tRHs in aging in metazoans. Through a genetic screen using Caenorhabditis elegans, we identify DIS-3/DIS3 as a ribonuclease that catalyzes tRH generation, including 5′-tRH-Gln and 5′-tRH-Asp, from tRNAs. Among them, 5′-tRH-Gln is essential for longevity conferred by various interventions, including dietary restriction. Generation of 5′-tRH-Gln reduces translation via ribosomal protein binding and upregulates the SKN-1/NRF transcription factor responsible for lifespan extension. We further show that mammalian DIS3 contributes to tRH generation and delays cellular senescence through translation downregulation by another tRH, 5′-tRH-Cys. Overall, our data demonstrate that DIS-3/DIS3 is an evolutionarily conserved tRH-generating ribonuclease that counteracts organismal and cellular aging. Direct roles of tRNA halve

Deadenylation, the enzymatic shortening of the poly(A) tail, is typically the first committed step of mRNA decay. Deadenylation rates span nearly a 1000-fold range between transcripts and are governed...