Microbial species disappearing from industrialized populations have evolved with humans over millennia and migrated worldwide with them—this may have consequences for human health.

Van Cleve Research Group – theoretical evolution & ecology at the University of Kentucky

The fitness of an organism determines its likelihood of succeeding in short-term competition, but many other factors can influence its long-term success. In this study, we investigate the relative con...

Abstract. Toxin-antitoxin systems (TAs) are widespread in bacterial genomes. Yet, their integration, persistence, and impact in chromosome dynamics remain

PhD positions: Rapid evolutionary genomics in plants Moi Exposito-Alonso Lab — www.moilab.science Assistant Professor, Freeman Hrabowski Scholar HHMI · Department of Integrative Biology · Innovative G...

Abstract. Experimental evolution provides a powerful framework for dissecting how ecological interactions shape adaptive trajectories. Here, we evolved Kle

GPN-Star, a genomic language model with a phylogeny-aware architecture for whole-genome alignment data, is shown to be a scalable and flexible tool for genetic variant effect prediction across species...

Many questions in population genetics are concerned with reconstructing evolutionary history through time, such as inferring how population structure has changed throughout the past. Yet, many existing approaches have only an implicit temporal component, using quantities such as allele frequency or haplotype length as rough proxies for age. Recent advances in the inference of Ancestral Recombination Graphs (ARGs) have made it possible to estimate the entire sequence of local genealogies along the genome. These genealogies explicitly encode how samples are related to each other at different time points in the past, enabling the inference of how population structure has changed over time. To this end, recent work has used ARGs to define time-stratified versions of widely-used population genetics summary statistics in an attempt to capture the population structure present within a particular time window. Here, we show that naive approaches result in statistics that cannot be interpreted solely in terms of the population structure present within the time window they are targeting. To address this problem, we introduce a framework of coalescent-based time-stratified statistics, which use coalescence probabilities to partition classical summary statistics into interval-specific contributions. Using coalescent simulations, we demonstrate that these statistics accurately isolate population structure at different temporal depths and avoid spurious signals. Our results highlight the necessity of integrating coalescent theory into ARG-based temporal analyses and provide a principled and practical foundation for studying the dynamics of population structure through time. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. National Human Genome Research Institute, https://ror.org/00baak391, R01HG014005

A central puzzle in the evolution of individuality is the origin of heredity. Egalitarian transitions integrate formerly independent replicators into a higher-level individual, but this requires the c...

Most of our knowledge about bacterial functional roles in microbiomes comes from bulk measurements. Yet microbial communities are complex ecosystems in which functionally distinct bacterial subpopulat...

Cuts to federal funding for American science are disrupting research, halting clinical trials, and imperiling the next generation of scientists. As a scientist and a proud graduate of Texas schools,

Abstract. Environmental stress leads to changes in community composition by altering competitive hierarchies and pushing taxa towards extinction. Parasites

Abstract. Microbial communities are often more species-rich than predicted from classical ecological models. The high levels of coexistence observed in nat

Building models to understand how self-organizing structures in cells lead to disease

Mutation rates per generation are strikingly similar across germlines of animals and across at least one somatic cell type, suggesting a key role for natural selection in shaping mutation rates. This ...

The pangenome is the total genetic repertoire of a group of organisms. It is a property of populations, maintained by evolutionary processes.

The center, funded by an NIH grant, will become one of three national centers dedicated to accelerating the development of phage therapy.

Biological communities are complex, dynamic systems that underpin ecosystem functionality, yet their long-term dynamics and predictability remain p...

Abstract. Bacterial genomes primarily diversify via gain, loss, and rearrangement of genetic material in their flexible accessory genome. Yet the dynamics

Bacteria and phages have been in an ongoing arms race for billions of years. To resist phages bacteria have evolved numerous defense systems, which nevertheless are still overcome by counterdefense me...