Sign in

jacobtref.bsky.social

@jacobtref.bsky.social
2K followers 156 following 80 posts

blog.jacobtrefethen.com OpenAI Foundation science!

PostsRepliesMedia
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Nature @nature.com · 30/09/2026
The OpenAI Foundation — the charity arm of the AI behemoth — has so far committed to giving away at least $25 billion. The foundation's life sciences lead speaks to Nature about its ambitions to cure disease. go.nature.com/4d9IHYP
go.nature.com
How to spend $25 billion on science: OpenAI’s staggeringly rich research charity gets under way
Jacob Trefethen, who leads life sciences at the OpenAI Foundation, speaks to Nature about the organization’s ambitions to cure disease.
572
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 06/09/2026
I started a blog in 2024, with a post arguing society is not focused on some of the most important technical problems. Today, I posted an update on the ten technologies I wrote about. Nine of the ten are still unavailable. But I feel differently about that now: blog.jacobtrefethen.com/halfway/
blog.jacobtrefethen.com
Halfway to 5 years
I started this blog in February 2024, with a post about February 2029. Reviewing at the halfway point: nine of the ten technologies I wrote about are still unavailable, and we're not close on most of ...
011
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 17/08/2026
It's finally here! I gave a TED talk in April in Vancouver, and it was released online today. You can watch it here: ted.com/talks/saloni... I've also adapted it into an article, which was published last week: worksinprogress.co/issue/future...
Me on the TED stage
612023
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Adam Phillippy @aphillippy.bsky.social · 06/08/2026
For the past 30 years, “whole-genome sequencing” has been a misnomer. Today the T2T Consortium publishes a dozen papers heralding a future of truly complete genomes for humans and nearly any vertebrate 👨‍🔬🐒🐦🐀🦒🐎🫏🐹🐟 (sorry, no salamanders): www.cell.com/consortium/t... 🧵[1/15]
3202106
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 24/07/2026
New episode of HARD DRUGS! GLP1 drugs have transformed obesity & diabetes, help treat heart disease, kidney disease and sleep apnea. They're far from the only drug with multiple uses. But sometimes, it takes several decades - and public funding - to learn about new uses.
open.spotify.com
Are miracle drugs hiding in plain sight?
Hard Drugs · Episode
15514
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Theo Sanderson @theo.io · 28/05/2026
who knew that availability of tree bark was a bottleneck for vaccine manufacturing
0102
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 27/05/2026
Guys, how do you invent a vaccine? Or even wilder, how do you invent a vaccine during your PhD?! In a new episode of Hard Drugs, we talked to someone who did just that: @kat-a-collins.bsky.social! Plus: • Why did the first malaria vaccine take so long? • Could we make better vaccines today?
open.spotify.com
Inventing the second malaria vaccine with Katharine Collins
210126
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Julia M. Rohrer @dingdingpeng.the100.ci · 02/03/2026
Finished listening to this excellent episode. Great exercise in triangulation of different lines of evidence! So should you be taking statins? Maybe! Might make sense to get your cholersterol levels checked!
1194
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Darakhshan Nehal @darakhshann.bsky.social · 27/02/2026
*Any weekend plan* Me:
041
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 27/02/2026
Main goal of podcast achieved ✅ Hope you enjoy the new episode! open.spotify.com/episode/792E...
open.spotify.com
Should everyone be taking statins?
062
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 12/01/2026
Wooohooo, our podcast Hard Drugs now has listeners in 100 countries! 🥳 Now's the time to share that when we brainstorming the name, @jacobtref.bsky.social suggested adding the subtitle 'by two softies' 😆
Me and Jacob holding ice creams and smiling
5946
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Darakhshan Nehal @darakhshann.bsky.social · 24/12/2025
*30 minutes in* **....people infected with the virus have about 500 quadrillion particles of viral surface proteins circulating in the antibodies during an infection.** Jacob: That's...that's a lot. I am no mathematician. 🤣
021
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 23/12/2025
If you have a long drive or flight coming up, I recommend our latest Hard Drugs episode! The story of developing the hep B vaccine is wild, and it was very fun to record. This episode also contains the most swearing.
1192
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 22/12/2025
So far this is the Hard Drugs episode I personally learned most from while recording. Some holiday listening for those of you traveling this week (I’m headed to the airport in 30 mins…). Fun to record 8 episodes this year. With that, signing off for 2025! ✌️
051
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 09/12/2025
Big new blogpost! My guide to data visualization, which includes a very long table of contents, tons of charts, and more. --> Why data visualization matters and how to make charts more effective, clear, transparent, and sometimes, beautiful. www.scientificdiscovery.dev/p/salonis-gu...
screenshot of my post
28806313
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Bitsy Perlman @bitsyperlman.bsky.social · 27/11/2025
I appreciated the reflection on how insane 18th and 19th century science seemed. What do you mean you put a dog's brain into a rabbit's brain? Wait, you are carefully observing a sealed dead eel?
0173
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Rafe Meager (they/them) @economeager.bsky.social · 27/11/2025
THIS is what I need no more ryan lizza and so forth etc
3312
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 26/11/2025
Attenuation Is All You Need (Well, inactivation too) We cover the invention of 20 vaccines from the 1700s through 1970. Technology (smallpox vaccine) preceding scientific understanding (germ theory), then speeding up once theory established from experiments (maggots…) & new tools made (agar plates)
0172
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Alexander Berger @albrgr.bsky.social · 18/11/2025
Some news: Open Philanthropy is now Coefficient Giving! Our mission is unchanged but the new name reflects our growing work with other donors to multiply the impact of their giving. 🧵 on our work to make philanthropy a more efficient "market" and plans going forward:
1446
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Otis Reid @otisreid.bsky.social · 12/11/2025
Some amazing jobs here! Our science and global health R&D team works on funding breakthroughs for neglected, high mortality/morbidity diseases and does a ton of great and interesting work -- see job links in Jacob's thread!
052
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 12/11/2025
🚨 Hiring scientists to help give away money 🚨 At Open Philanthropy, we have given away $600M in biomedical research since 2016. Now, we're expanding the team to do more. We're hiring: * Up to 3 Senior Program Associates * Program Officer in strep A Remote OK, salaries in links! (Thread below)
blog.jacobtrefethen.com
Hiring scientists to give away money
At Open Philanthropy, we have given away $600 million in biomedical research since 2016. That funding has supported the work of thousands of scientists across hundreds of universities, nonprofits, and...
1137
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 29/10/2025
MFW my co-host @jacobtref.bsky.social is telling me all about the drug development pipeline.
And then if that all looks good, you're going to submit a huge data package to the FDA and say, "Can I please sell this drug in America?" The FDA will take 6 to 10 months and review your data, review your thousands of pages of submission and get back to you with a thumbs up or a thumbs down. After you're selling your drug, you're still collecting data. The FDA might require further studies after they approve your drug if there are particular questions they have that things should be addressed. If in those studies you end up with a negative result, they might withdraw your ability to sell the drug; that happens somewhat frequently. Also, you're going to be collecting in the real world, more side effect data. Once hundreds of thousands of people are using a drug, you will spot more side effects. They won't be randomized, so you won't necessarily get as high quality data, but you at least get more data as things come in, so the evidence collection does not stop once you get approval.

Saloni Dattani:
Wow, great. That's a very long process. So I have two things about mice that I wanted to talk about.
1163
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Jeff Mosenkis @mosenkis.bsky.social · 29/10/2025
Welp @scientificdiscovery.dev and Jacob are back again, Will AI Cure Disease? By the end of the 4.5 hours you'll be significantly older and might find out! www.worksinprogress.news/p/will-ai-so...?
worksinprogress.news
Will AI solve medicine?
Some say AI will solve medicine within a decade. Others believe biology is far more complex than people imagine and AI will hit the limits of clinical trials and economics. Who's right?
163
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 29/10/2025
Will AI solve medicine? We decided to be as definitive as is possible in 2025. That meant going long, through the drug development process Sections 1. Clashing worldviews 2. Drug discovery 3. Models 4. Efficacy 5. Safety 6. Manufacturing & healthcare 7. Funding 8. Trust & ambition Hope you enjoy!
183
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 19/10/2025
Apparently some people think I'm AI generated, because... I don't blink enough
YouTube comment that says "Fascinating! Almost didn't realise this was AI generated content until I noticed the blink rate and ran it through a model."
8736
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 17/10/2025
Tune in to find out: - how to go from hallucinated cat pictures to hallucinated proteins - whether @jacobtref.bsky.social can do photosynthesis - whether we can make tiny protein straws for tardigrades to drink from
0189
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 15/10/2025
Our most practical episode yet for people who want to dabble in biotech As of 2022, you can hallucinate protein structures using AI similar to Midjourney (RFDiffusion) -> create amino acid strings for them (ProteinMPNN) -> validate with AlphaFold Biology becomes engineering…
084
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Julia M. Rohrer @dingdingpeng.the100.ci · 02/10/2025
Cool episode on how AI can help us design new proteins (e.g., for vaccines). I’d heard of AlphaFold before, but not of ProteinMPNN. You feed a protein structure into PMPNN & generate possible sequences of amino acids. And then you feed those into AlphaFold to check whether they’d fold up that way!
0267
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 01/10/2025
Hearing a lot about AI designing drugs, but not sure what specifically that means? Ever wonder how AlphaFold works, or what practical problems it helps with? How rattan daybeds can hold their own in a modern home? This episode is for you!
0112
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Rafe Meager (they/them) @economeager.bsky.social · 28/09/2025
every time i feel bad about writing long essays / blog posts i think, no. what would saloni and jacob do.
5534
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 17/09/2025
The reviews are in! "I heard it just now! So good 😊" – my mom "Just listened to the new insulin episode and loved it." – @rossaokod.bsky.social "you should have added 5 more minutes on how early researchers checked for the sweetness of animal urine..." – @pseudoerasmus.bsky.social
0125
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Andy Purkiss @andypurk.bsky.social · 16/09/2025
1/3 As someone diagnosed as Type 1 in 1976, I can remember beginning on porcine insulin (bovine was another alternative). The first "human" insulin I had was actually enzymatically modified porcine. I started with glass syringes, with exchangeable all metal needles, stored in methylated spirit.
161
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 16/09/2025
Last episode: an introduction to what proteins are This episode: proteins can be medicines! Insulin is a protein. 104 years ago, no one with diabetes had been injected with it, then came insulin from animals, then came bioreactors...
163
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Julia M. Rohrer @dingdingpeng.the100.ci · 04/09/2025
Saloni and Jacob have a natural way to make everything sound like it’s the coolest thing in the world, so naturally I’m now all on board of the protein train 🚂
2164
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 03/09/2025
AI for protein design won a Nobel Prize last year. Are new protein drugs to cure diseases on their way? This episode introduces what proteins are. You can listen to it on its own, or as the first plank of us answering that question. Subscribe in a podcast app for future planks!
0101
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 05/08/2025
Over the weekend I published an essay series on a question I've been thinking about for a while: What does AI progress mean for medical progress? It starts with this 500 word piece. If you want more after that, there are 10,000 words of forking paths: blog.jacobtrefethen.com/ai-progress-...
blog.jacobtrefethen.com
What does AI progress mean for medical progress?
Rapid AI progress does not automatically mean rapid medical progress. If the point of AI progress is human flourishing, we must make other complementary investments too. Even with extremely powerful A...
1264
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Matt Clancy @mattsclancy.bsky.social · 09/07/2025
The Abundance and Growth Fund at Open Philanthropy is hiring! We’re looking for 2-4 people to help expand this new $120+ million program to accelerate economic growth and reduce the cost of living through strategic grantmaking and research. (1/4) www.openphilanthropy.org/research/ann...
openphilanthropy.org
Announcing Our New $120M Abundance And Growth Fund | Open Philanthropy
We are excited to announce the launch of our new Abundance and Growth Fund, which will spend at least $120 million over the next three years to accelerate economic growth and boost scientific and tech...
3249
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Dan Elton @delton.bsky.social · 07/07/2025
Periodic reminder of this article by @jacobtref.bsky.social: blog.jacobtrefethen.com/10-technolog...
031
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Hannah Ritchie @hannahritchie.bsky.social · 01/07/2025
In the 1980s, many thought tuberculosis was on the path to elimination. In reality, more were dying from the disease than ever. The second article in our series on Tuberculosis: ourworldindata.org/the-end-of-t...
ourworldindata.org
The end of tuberculosis that wasn’t
In the 1980s, many thought tuberculosis was on the path to elimination. In reality, more were dying from the disease than ever.
03617
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Stuart Bratton 🇪🇺🇨🇦🇩🇪🇬🇧 @stuartbratton.emergentdrift.com · 26/06/2025
I am thankful every day for the work of scientists working to cure HIV/AIDS. We come such a long way. I lost some amazing people to AIDS and they are missed every single day. I am so happy that this heartbreak can now be avoided thanks to these antivirals. I still have hope for a cure one day.
021
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 25/06/2025
Excellent piece on some of the scientists behind lenacapavir, the HIV antiviral that could be scaled up to change the course of the HIV epidemic worldwide.
34012
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Alexander Berger @albrgr.bsky.social · 25/06/2025
Great article on the origins of lenacapavir, the amazingly effective HIV prevention drug approved by the FDA last week: bsky.app/profile/sta...
bsky.app
STAT (@statnews.com)
Gilead’s twice-a-year HIV prevention drug lenacapavir is 30 years in the making. Here’s the story behind it. https://www.statnews.com/2025/06/23/fda-approval-lenacapavir-yeztugo-gilead-history-development-breakthrough-william-pao/?utm_source=bluesky&utm_campaign=bluesky_organic&utm_medium=social
162
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 24/06/2025
See, it only takes two weeks to finish, and then you're free... free to start the follow on reading... Go on, why not start listening today... 😈 open.spotify.com/show/7CgKi9l...
open.spotify.com
Hard Drugs
Podcast · Saloni Dattani & Jacob Trefethen · Hard Drugs is a show by Saloni Dattani and Jacob Trefethen about medical innovation: how to speed it up, how to scale it up, and how to make sure lifesavin...
070
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Joey Politano🏳️‍🌈 @josephpolitano.bsky.social · 24/06/2025
Listen to Saloni’s podcast if you want a 5hr drug discovery overview so good it made me cry at multiple points
1809
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
André Picard @picardonhealth @picardonhealth.bsky.social · 18/06/2025
U.S. FDA approves #lenacapavir (to be sold as Yeztugo), a twice-a-year shot hailed as the closest thing the field has ever had to a #HIV vaccine, by @jasonmast.bsky.social, Ed Silverman www.statnews.com/2025/06/18/f... via @statnews.com #AIDS
statnews.com
HIV protection with just two shots a year: FDA approves Gilead drug
A new twice-yearly shot could be a "game changer" in the fight against AIDS, but experts' hopes have dimmed because of the current political climate.
0305
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
BK. Titanji @boghuma.bsky.social · 18/06/2025
A bit of positive news today. FDA has just approved Lenacapavir for PrEP in the US. In clinical trials one injection every 6 months was close to 100% effective in preventing HIV transmission. PrEP is for everyone who needs it. www.usatoday.com/story/news/h...
usatoday.com
FDA approves new twice-yearly HIV shot. What to know
The FDA approved Gilead's HIV prevention drug lenacapavir, a twice-a-year injectable medication that clinical trials show prevents new infections.
527587
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 18/06/2025
🚨🚨 Lenacapavir FDA approved today, twice-yearly shot preventing HIV 🚨🚨 It's now possible to drive down transmission everywhere, and win against the AIDS epidemic, with other long-lasting drugs in trials too Here's the story of how scientists got here, 44 years of hard work:
130
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Matt Clancy @mattsclancy.bsky.social · 17/06/2025
What’s the return on government support for R&D? To try to get a credible answer, Open Philanthropy and the Sloan Foundation are committing up to $1 million to trying something new: we call it a Pop-Up Journal.
15925
Reposted by @jacobtref.bsky.social
Julia M. Rohrer @dingdingpeng.the100.ci · 16/06/2025
I take everything back at [3:13:03] @scientificdiscovery.dev once again starts spreading anti-grapefruit propaganda. It’s the greatest fruit out there!!! Don’t let concerns about interactions with *checks notes* pretty much any medication get in between you and grapefruits!
6311
jacobtref.bsky.social @jacobtref.bsky.social · 16/06/2025
If little funny anecdotes have a million fans, I am one. If funny asides have one fan, it is me. If little funny anecdotes and asides have no fans, I am dead.
060