Seasonal influenza viruses continually undergo antigenic drift to evade antibody-mediated immunity, yet how individual antibody specificities shape this evolution remains poorly understood. We investi...

A walk along the beach with a friend turned into the significant discovery.

Avian influenza jumped from wild birds into dairy cattle. Here, the authors report that two mutations in the viral polymerase helped the virus to quickly adapt to cattle. Mutations increased the polym...

Abstract. The 2022 panzootic of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) viruses has led to unprecedented transmission to multiple mammalian species.

imageimageMaternal antibodies are correlated with a reduced ability of infants to produce antibodies following oral rotavirus vaccination. This interference is attributed in this study primarily to va...

Fish and amphibian influenza B–like viruses show functional divergence and lack immunity in humans.

Effective control of viral infection requires rapid induction of the innate immune response, especially the type I and type III interferon (IFN) systems. Despite the critical role of IFN induction in ...

View Ann Carol Palmenberg, Ph.D's obituary, find service dates, and sign the guestbook.

Another spillover of the H5N1 bird flu virus from wild birds to dairy cattle appears to have occurred, this time in Arizona.

On January 31, 2025, the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) confirmed by whole genome sequence the first detection of highly patho...

The USDA said four Nevada dairy herds were infected with an H5N1 bird flu strain that has circulated in wild birds, making prospects for containment in cows appear dim.

To support early career scientists in the field of respiratory virus infections, ESWI has launched an award recognizing the most promising body of work. Open to early career scientists worldwide, the ...

In early 2024, an unprecedented outbreak of H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza was detected in dairy cattle in the USA. The epidemic remains uncontrolled, with spillbacks into poultry, wild birds...

Highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses are causing a multistate outbreak in dairy cows. In this study, the authors report that recent H5N1 viruses have acquired a single mutatio...