The amygdala is a central hub for emotional learning that is dysregulated across numerous psychiatric disorders, yet its molecular architecture in humans remains poorly defined. We here present a spat...

Behaviour of human participants in a prey-pursuit task reflects dynamic blending of goal-specific control policies, with hippocampus estimating latent states, anterior cingulate cortex orchestrating p...

Chinese researchers are testing DREADDs, a gene therapy to turn down neuronal activity, in the clinic

the global collaborative research initiative will initially target Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s disease, ALS, and Lewy body dementia

Flexible prioritization in working memory (WM) is supported by neural oscillations in frontal and sensory brain areas, but the roles of different oscillations remain poorly understood. Recordings in h...

How does the human brain stop movements under realistic conditions? Using intracranial recordings and multi-variate EEG decoding, this study shows that a fronto-basal ganglia circuit featuring the sub...

Nudge - Whole-brain interfaces for everyday life

Lesion network mapping (LNM) links focal brain lesions to distributed neural circuits by projecting lesion locations through a normative functional connectome. van den Heuvel and colleagues recently s...

Existing brain stimulation paradigms are based on synthetic waveforms, such as sinusoids, pulses, or band-limited noise1,2, which capture only narrow features of neural activity. These overlook the ri...

How aperiodic 1/f noise drives ripple activity in human brain and impacts on ripple detections is not fully understood. Here authors show that ripple detections should be driven by the 1/f noise, whic...

Science Corporation is a clinical-stage medical technology company.

Nature Reviews Neuroscience - Recent evidence suggests that astrocytes, through coordinated activation in sparse ensembles, contribute to memory traces — termed ‘astro-neuronal...

By modeling the single-trial electroencephalogram of participants performing perceptual decisions, and building on predictions from two century-old psychological laws, we estimate the times of informa...

The Reward Positivity (RewP) is an electroencephalogram (EEG) feature that emerges following performance feedback and is commonly understood to index both positive and negative reward-prediction error (RPE+ and RPE−, respectively) signals. In contrast to this dominant perspective, we argue that the RewP is an independent EEG feature that selectively responds to positive RPE and is superimposed on a common background signal. We further propose that the RewP signals a goal prediction error: it is elicited by abstract signals instead of by hedonic 'rewards'. This goal prediction error appears to be produced by a critic-like architecture that is associated with the actor–critic framework in reinforcement learning. This perspective emphasizes the role of the RewP in goal attainment and cognitive control as opposed to being a simple indicator of reward receipt.

The advent of noninvasive imaging methods like functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) transformed cognitive neuroscience, providing insights into large-scale brain networks and their link to cog...

An Open Letter to U.S. STEM Leadership on the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program

The cerebellum is implicated in nearly every domain of human cognition, yet our understanding of how this subcortical structure contributes to cognition remains elusive. Efforts on this front have ten...