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Nicholas D Carter

@nicholasdcarter.bsky.social
5.7K followers 527 following 381 posts

🌳 Director of Environmental Science at Game Changers 2. 🌎 Research Fellow at Project Drawdown: climate solutions focused on food, agriculture & land. 🌱 Co-founder of iffs.earth

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Reposted by Nicholas D Carter
Institute for Future Food Systems @iffs-earth.bsky.social · 25/09/2026
Shifting half of Canada's red and processed meat to plant proteins: +8.7 months of life, -25% diet emissions, most of it from what you add. Personal swaps matter but stay above the climate boundary, so supply and institutions matter too. www.nature.com/articles/s43...
nature.com
Partial substitutions of animal with plant protein foods in Canadian diets have synergies and trade-offs among nutrition, health and climate outcomes - Nature Food
Canada’s Food Guide recommends greater consumption of plant protein foods, but replacing animal with plant protein sources might have important consequences. Based on actual food intake values, this s...
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 22/09/2026
The claim that cattle upcycle forage from marginal land is overplayed; it still displaces native wildlife We can extract protein at far less GHGs/land & in high adoption this can meet ALL protein/cal needs vs. cattle supplying ~3% My latest drawdown.org/explorer/dep... @projectdrawdown.bsky.social
drawdown.org
Deploy Leaf Protein Concentrates
Deployment of liquid protein concentrates could be a major climate solution, but it is not ready at scale. We will keep watching for further development.
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Reposted by Nicholas D Carter
Silvia Secchi @profsecchi.bsky.social · 22/09/2026
Dr. Foley is absolutely correct. “Regenerative” grazing being presented as a solution is very problematic from a climate action perspective b/c it is really obstruction that promotes unjust and unsustainable practices. Wealthy people can afford to pay the “regenerative” premium, the planet cannot.
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 19/09/2026
What if we extracted the protein from alfalfa fed to dairy cows, skipping their CH4 & land use, to create healthy alternatives? Leaf protein concentrates emit ~1/10th of the GHGs per ha & may be key to our growing food demands New by me w/ @projectdrawdown.bsky.social drawdown.org/explorer/dep...
drawdown.org
Deploy Leaf Protein Concentrates
Deployment of liquid protein concentrates could be a major climate solution, but it is not ready at scale. We will keep watching for further development.
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Reposted by Nicholas D Carter
Emily Cassidy @enviroem.bsky.social · 18/09/2026
Beef may be going the way of the internal-combustion engine. Drought, high fuel and feed prices are threatening U.S. beef--an industry that is vulnerable to climate change and a major emitter. Insightful article by @billmckibben.bsky.social @newyorker.com www.newyorker.com/news/the-led...
newyorker.com
The True Cost of Beef
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., eats beef every day, but more Americans, faced with rising prices and another climate warning, might want something else for dinner.
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Reposted by Nicholas D Carter
Danny Cullenward @ghgpolicy.org · 17/09/2026
The inimitable @mikegrunwald.bsky.social has an exceptionally well written oped on the disastrous proposal from the Greenhouse Gas Protocol to give companies carbon credit for cutting down trees.
nytimes.com
Opinion | The Latest Corporate Climate Ruse (Gift Article)
Making deforestation look climate-friendly will encourage a lot more deforestation.
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Reposted by Nicholas D Carter
George Monbiot @georgemonbiot.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
"Regenerative grazing" is a greenwashing scam, nothing more. Here's why. Please don't be taken in. drawdown.org/insights/eig...
drawdown.org
Eight reasons regenerative grazing can’t make beef climate-friendly
An influential regenerative grazing movement continues to grow. But here's why the science doesn't back up the purported climate benefits.
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Reposted by Nicholas D Carter
Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 12/09/2026
The science shows regenerative grazing simply doesn't work And I get it, it's a captivating well funded story ($200M from McD's otw), and it's easier to convince many that small tweaks are all that's needed vs. actual systemic changes away from beef 🧵here's 8+ reasons why this won't make beef eco
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Project Drawdown @projectdrawdown.bsky.social · 14/09/2026
Cattle continue emitting methane as long as they remain on the landscape, regardless of what alt grazing practices can or can’t do for soil’s capacity to store carbon in the form of soil organic carbon (SOC). Learn more 👉https://drawdown.org/insights/
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 12/09/2026
The science shows regenerative grazing simply doesn't work And I get it, it's a captivating well funded story ($200M from McD's otw), and it's easier to convince many that small tweaks are all that's needed vs. actual systemic changes away from beef 🧵here's 8+ reasons why this won't make beef eco
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Reposted by Nicholas D Carter
Project Drawdown @projectdrawdown.bsky.social · 11/09/2026
A lot of people are asking whether regenerative grazing can solve beef's climate problem. 🐄 🌡️ 📈 In his latest Insights post, @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social, Drawdown Research Fellow, breaks down the peer-reviewed science behind the answer. Read more: bit.ly/3UDJbjB
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Dr. Jonathan Foley @globalecoguy.bsky.social · 11/09/2026
The idea that "regenerative" grazing is a climate solution has really taken hold in some quarters. But the science is clear: It doesn't work. Methane and land-use emissions just overwhelm any soil carbon benefits. Here's a great piece by @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social drawdown.org/insights/eig...
drawdown.org
Eight reasons regenerative grazing can’t make beef climate-friendly
An influential regenerative grazing movement continues to grow. But here's why the science doesn't back up the purported climate benefits.
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 05/09/2026
So many attacks on ultra-processed foods yet: "A pig or chicken genetically modified to grow extremely fast and fed a steady diet of soybean meal and industrially produced feed additives" and often antibiotics, gets a free pass as natural newrepublic.com/article/2141... @jandutkiewicz.bsky.social
"But the bill will come due for all of us, in one way or another. If Kennedy and the MAHA movement are successful in convincing Americans to eat even more meat, it will not only cause more heart disease and diabetes, but necessarily lead to more factory farms, more cancer-causing pesticides, and more rivers polluted by runoff. That is the reality. The MAHA fantasy is just a road to the very future that MAHA claims to oppose, in which we're all in poorer health and Big Ag is bigger than ever."
Jan Dutkiewicz
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Reposted by Nicholas D Carter
Kristian Steensen Nielsen @kristiansn89.bsky.social · 01/09/2026
🌍 A defense of the personal carbon footprint 🌱 I often hear people, including in the climate community, dismiss the concept of a personal carbon footprint. I believe this is a mistake. Here are three reasons why👇🧵
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 26/08/2026
Global protein consumption has increased by 1/3 since 1960 More than half of this new growth has come from animal sources, despite plant protein still making up 62% of all protein supply Reversing this trend & being clear on plant protein wins (fibre, planetary health, equal muscle gain) is key
"relative" change in protein supply, showing animal protein growing faster via: https://ourworldindata.org/food-supply

Other references: FAOSTAT & Poore & Nemecek (2018)
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Institute for Future Food Systems @iffs-earth.bsky.social · 26/08/2026
Animal products account for 27% of humanity's total water footprint. All the water we use at home: about 4%. Per gram of protein, cheese tops the chart for freshwater withdrawals. Peas and pulses sit at the bottom. #WorldWaterWeek
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Dr. Jonathan Foley @globalecoguy.bsky.social · 25/08/2026
Wow. Prominent experts have resigned from the World Resources Institute and their GHG Protocol. This is really worrying… financialpost.com/pmn/business...
financialpost.com
Dispute Over Counting Forest Carbon Roils Global Standard-Setter
Scientists and industry are sparring over climate accounting rules being developed by the Greenhouse Gas Protocol.
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Dr. Jonathan Foley @globalecoguy.bsky.social · 22/08/2026
Climate change is becoming a crisis. So we have a choice to make: 1. Pretend it’s not happening and do nothing. 2. See it’s happening, but spiral into “doomerism” and surrender. 3. See it’s happening and get to work fixing it. The third option is the right one. Join us. Drawdown.org
drawdown.org
Home
Project Drawdown drives meaningful climate action by advancing science-based solutions and strategies.
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Emily Cassidy @enviroem.bsky.social · 21/08/2026
People are always surprised to learn that packaging, processing, and transportation are almost always small contributors (<10%) of food-related GHG emissions. The TYPE of food we eat -- meat versus plants -- is a MUCH bigger factor.
Bar chart of greenhouse gas emissions associated with the lifecycle production of different foods. Beef and lamb are the highest emitting. Farm-level emissions and land use change emissions are the greatest contributors to lifecycle food emissions.
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Reposted by Nicholas D Carter
Annie Leymarie @annieleymarie.bsky.social · 20/08/2026
"People just need to check the land for invasive species & remove them, ensure there are adequate seed sources, provide protection from fire, grazing animals & humans, & then it is mostly self-sufficient. You can end up with a forest that cd store more carbon & is more biodiverse than a planted one"
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Eleanor Boyle @eleanorboyle.bsky.social · 20/08/2026
Really interesting research @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social. Ppl wonder why I'm always talking about food systems and climate. It's because (as I know you know!) many climate solutions relate to food, and under-rated things most of us can do without additional cost or new laws -- like eat more plants!
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Eleanor Boyle @eleanorboyle.bsky.social · 20/08/2026
This is the way. It's why I will keep talking about the connections between our own food choices and climate impact. It's an arena where most of us have immediate (and potent) agency
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 19/08/2026
We overestimate the benefits of highly adopted actions like recycling & underestimate highly beneficial ones like plant-based. The latter would be even higher ranked if CO2 drawdown on land used by animal ag was incld. New study 2,924 US adults testing 34 climate actions: doi.org/10.1038/s418...
Fig. 1: Adoption of climate actions by their climate change mitigation potential. Average adoption rates and objective emission mitigation potentials in kilograms CO2e per capita and year of 34 individual-level climate actions aggregated across the three US samples included in the present research (n = 2,924; Supplementary Table 2). The data illustrate the negative relationship between the adoption of climate actions and their mitigation potential (r = −0.51, 95% CI [−0.72; −0.21], t(32) = −3.37, P = 0.002, one-sample t-test, two-sided, against r = 0). Only short labels of the climate actions are shown; see Supplementary Table 2 for full descriptions. EV, electric vehicle.
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 18/08/2026
Counter doom by: 1. Communicating the threat accurately, 2. prebunk against emotionally manipulative narratives, & 3. pair the problem with credible solutions & agency. Full study & coverage below: doi.org/10.1073/pnas...
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 17/08/2026
"Future food security and public health will depend on feeding the world nutritious foods in a sustainable and ethical way while staying within ecological limits. Alternative proteins provide a practical path forward." Solid recent narrative review: doi.org/10.1042/bio_...
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Eleanor Boyle @eleanorboyle.bsky.social · 13/08/2026
Thanks @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social for crunching the numbers on this. Mass-cultivation of insects for food is not just unappealing (to put it mildly). It's just not as effective a climate solution as eating more plant-forward, and it risks new ecological havoc.
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 07/08/2026
Rather than outright denial, the animal agriculture industry increasingly just steers both the questions researchers ask and the professional trajectories they follow. New findings on how meat & dairy greenwashing functions within public science: doi.org/10.1093/9780...
doi.org
Becoming Part of the Family: Greenwashing, Animal Agriculture, and the Strategic Capture of Climate Research
Abstract. A large and growing body of research affirms the severe climate impacts of animal agriculture. Yet rather than undertake structural change, the i
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Paul Behrens @profpaulbehrens.bsky.social · 06/08/2026
One third of global farmland is doing two-thirds of the damage, to the climate and wildlife. Regions causing both harm largely overlap. Cattle alone drive 29% of the farm carbon cost and 41% of the biodiversity cost. New paper today in @nature.com food-led by Baoxiao Liu doi.org/10.1038/s430...
doi.org
High-resolution carbon and biodiversity mapping shows correlated losses across space and agricultural products - Nature Food
Food systems substantially impact carbon storage and biodiversity, with food consumption driving four-fifths of losses on agricultural land, particularly through animal-sourced foods. Targeted interve...
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Paul Behrens @profpaulbehrens.bsky.social · 01/08/2026
I spoke with @owenjones.bsky.social recently about the withheld Joint Intelligence Committee report on food system pressures, and more. I mentioned that one report makes the point that "a wholesale change in consumer diets would be required" Full conversation here: youtu.be/nTYISpFTIq8?...
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spencer roberts 🦈 @unpopularscience.bsky.social · 30/07/2026
Fishermen all over the internet, media, and even congressional hearings are spreading the myth that sharks have become “overpopulated” in the US and should be culled. I charted the NOAA data to show how insane that is. #MarineLife 🧪
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George Monbiot @georgemonbiot.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
It's a point I've been trying to make for a long time: there is no good way to meet even 10% of current demand for animal products. They trash the living world, whichever way you do it. If you want to reduce your impact, switch to a plant-based diet. www.theguardian.com/environment/...
theguardian.com
Organic eggs have worse impact on climate than eggs from caged chickens
Adopting organic free-range model in UK could lead to greenhouse emissions equivalent to 2,316,000 tonnes of CO2, study suggests
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George Monbiot @georgemonbiot.bsky.social · 29/07/2026
Almost the definitive example of overclaiming: sentientmedia.org/another-fail...
sentientmedia.org
Another Failed Attempt to Greenwash Beef
Follow along as climate researchers debunk another industry-backed study bragging about the perceived benefits of regenerative agriculture.
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 28/07/2026
A trillion insects are farmed now/yr, some emit as much as beef (mostly via temp control), & it's an inefficient feed conversion rate. They also have major risks, like largely inevitable escapes of invasive species. It's a bad idea. My analysis for Project Drawdown: drawdown.org/explorer/dep...
drawdown.org
Deploy Insect Farming for Food and Feed
Insect Farming for Food and Feed is not recommended as a climate solution because it offers minimal opportunities for GHG reductions and has significant downsides.
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Project Drawdown @projectdrawdown.bsky.social · 27/07/2026
Insect farming start-ups have been on a roller coaster ride. 🎢 In the ups and downs, one perspective has been scarce: Is it a climate solution? The evidence we’ve collected says NO. Dive deeper here 👉 bit.ly/3ThlWuR #edibleinsects #sustainablefood #climatesolutions
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Dr. Jonathan Foley @globalecoguy.bsky.social · 27/07/2026
Sorry, but insect farming is NOT a real climate solution. Here’s why…
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Zach Boren @zdboren.bsky.social · 16/07/2026
New investigation from @grilledmedia.bsky.social & @theguardian.com Documents from inside Europe's most powerful farming org show how it lobbied "in the same way as the tobacco industry" (their own words!) to block policies for public health & the environment www.theguardian.com/world/2026/j...
theguardian.com
Revealed: how Europe’s most powerful farming lobby killed EU’s pesticide law
Exclusive: High-level documents show how Copa Cogeca worked to weaken legislation to protect climate and wildlife
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Institute for Future Food Systems @iffs-earth.bsky.social · 24/06/2026
What does a diet that protects both your health and the planet look like? Almost no one is eating it yet. We checked dietary data from 12 countries against the EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet. The pattern is strikingly universal. 🧵👇
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 09/07/2026
Yep. Saw this livestock industry tactic coming 5 or so years ago. changingmarkets.org/wp-content/u...
This narrative conveniently ignores the warming effects of methane emissions by only focusing on the CO2. Photosynthesis takes CO2 from the atmosphere, while cows 
emit CH4: this is far from climate neutral as CH4 has a much larger warming effect while it persists in the atmosphere. The fact that the carbon atoms in methane come 
from the atmosphere initially is virtually irrelevant to the total warming impacts.

The IPCC shows that biogenic and fossil methane have roughly the same effects: non-fossil fuel sources of methane are 27.2 times as potent as CO2, averaged out over a 100-year timeframe, and 80.8 times as potent over 20 years; this is only slightly less than fossil-fuel sources of methane, at 29.8 times as potent as CO2 over 100 years and 82.5 times over 20 years.39Crucially, atmospheric 
concentrations of methane, their warming and damaging air pollution effects are a function of the rate of emissions, independent of the biogenic or fossil 
source origin.
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Eoghan Daltun 🌍 @irishrainforest.bsky.social · 07/07/2026
Rewilding land freed from animal agriculture could remove around 8 billion tonnes of CO₂ each year, roughly one-fifth of current global direct GHG emissions, or about the same as eliminating all emissions from the U.S. and EU combined. That's MASSIVE. iffs.earth/living-repor...
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 05/07/2026
In 1961, 2 chickens were killed per person globally/yr Now, 9 are killed per person/yr. More than 4x Yeah it's more efficient than beef but still wastes ~90% of feed calories, drives dead zones, pandemic risks & ethical issues It's wild to see some say it's a GHG win & don't mention huge tradeoff
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 15/06/2026
Thrilled to share 4 new analyses of mine for @projectdrawdown.bsky.social on grazing Many studies that claim grazing benefits SOC are lacking: adequate baseline, controls, duration, 30cm soil-depth samples, & measuring over time And beef remains a leader in CH4 & land-use driving biodiversity loss
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 29/06/2026
Over just the last couple decades, the footprint of animal agriculture has dramatically worsened, driven by a global: 53%⬆️ in livestock populations, 22%⬆️ in their GHGs, & 27%⬆️ in cropland use for feed. New report on the trends since the seminal 2006 FAO "Livestock's Long Shadow": rb.gy/1873pj
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Project Drawdown @projectdrawdown.bsky.social · 02/06/2026
This is why efficiency in our food system matters: 🧑‍🌾 A more efficient food system could mean more affordable food, less strain on land and water, and healthier meal options for families. Read more from The Cool Down 👉 yhoo.it/4ak3OpJ
yhoo.it
World grows enough calories to feed 14.5 billion people, but only 45 out of 100 are actually eaten by people
A new analysis breaks down where the world's crop calories really go.
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 20/06/2026
"while most people acknowledge these advantages, vegetarian and vegan diets are still a hard sell. Fortunately, the science on how to change this is getting clearer, too." www.wri.org/insights/res... @worldresources.bsky.social
wri.org
Restaurants Are Using Behavioral Science to Promote Plant-based Eating — and It’s Working
From Unicorn Burgers to reimagined meatballs, food service providers are getting creative with their plant-based offerings. In the process, they’re saving money and reducing their planetary impact.
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Eleanor Boyle @eleanorboyle.bsky.social · 19/06/2026
Anyone thinks grass-fed / regenerative beef is a way we can keep eating meat at current levels and address climate change needs to take a look at @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social's recent assessment of the state of the science on this. (Spoiler: plant-based eating + rewilding makes far more sense)
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Annie Leymarie @annieleymarie.bsky.social · 16/06/2026
@nicholasdcarter.bsky.social has done research guiding @projectdrawdown.bsky.social's position on grazing: it doesn't recommend expanding grazing drawdown.org/explorer/exp... nor deploying grass-finished beef drawdown.org/explorer/dep.... His LinkedIn post on this: www.linkedin.com/feed/update/...
drawdown.org
Expand Livestock Grazing
Expand Livestock Grazing is Not Recommended as a climate solution.
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Danny Cullenward @ghgpolicy.org · 15/06/2026
Thanks! On a related topic and just FYI, the forest carbon accounting issues I wrote about with the Greenhouse Gas Protocol would allow companies to spuriously claim "carbon negative beef" by attributing non-anthropogenic, non-additional forest growth to beef production — keep an eye on that.
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 15/06/2026
Thrilled to share 4 new analyses of mine for @projectdrawdown.bsky.social on grazing Many studies that claim grazing benefits SOC are lacking: adequate baseline, controls, duration, 30cm soil-depth samples, & measuring over time And beef remains a leader in CH4 & land-use driving biodiversity loss
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 09/06/2026
Animal ag uses ~200× more freshwater than AI. AI data centres are projected to use ~1 trillion litres/yr by 2028. Animal ag already consumes 228 trillion litres of blue water/yr. Not defending AI, but this context isn't well known. I also wonder how much AI water goes to military vs. general use.
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Nicholas D Carter @nicholasdcarter.bsky.social · 23/05/2026
Concentrations of methane in the atmosphere are ~2.5x higher than before industrialization. Deep cuts in methane now are key, and we'd see results quickly. Yet efforts from high-emitters continue to attempt to push for sketchy accounting that allows the opposite, via GWP* methanescience.org
methanescience.org
Scientist statement on misuse of new approaches to methane
Over 35 climate scientists warn that crucial methane mitigation is being undermined globally by efforts to redefine approaches to greenhouse gas metrics and climate targets – such as through inappropr...
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