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Alt: Callipterus Cichlid Collecting Shell

Whole-brain activity mapping, targeted cell manipulations and electrophysiology in mice identify wake-activated neuronal populations that are crucial for sleep drive and can persistently red...

Alt: Callipterus Cichlid Collecting Shell

This searchable gallery includes entries for fish families of the world, which may include photographs of preserved specimens, reconstructed CT and photogrammetry 3D models, xrays, characteristics for...

ALT: I'm Doing My Part! - Soldier's Declaration

ALT: Callipterus Cichlid Collecting Shell

Comparative embryology has revealed that early animal development is based on highly conserved genetic programs. Beyond embryogenesis however, animals undergo remarkably diverse post-embryonic developmental transitions such as metamorphosis. Whether these transitions are also organised into conserved genetic programs remains largely unexplored. To identify conserved genetic programs underlying post-embryonic development, we examine metamorphic remodelling in five teleost fishes, spanning 200 million years of evolution. By integrating comparative co-expression networks, evolutionary genomics, phylogenetic modelling, and functional data in zebrafish, we uncovered a conserved post-embryonic developmental network. This conserved network comprises components involved in core cellular processes, and involved in development and physiology, both of which are under the control of thyroid hormone during metamorphosis. Despite evolutionary conservation at the coding sequence level, this network exhibits significant turnover in gene family copy number following the teleost-specific whole-genome duplication as well as lineage-specific expansions and contractions. The variation in gene copy numbers is associated with macroevolutionary variation in a number of ecological and morphological traits, including swimming performance and trophic level. Cross-species tissue expression, zebrafish single-cell transcriptomics, and zebrafish perturbation phenotypes placed the implicated genes in biological contexts relevant to these traits. Together, our results provide evidence of an ancient, functionally partitioned post-embryonic developmental network that has diversified throughout teleost evolution. The heterochronic variation in network function, changes in endocrine activity, and gene-family turnover provide potential routes through which a shared developmental architecture contributed to the evolution of phenotypic diversity in teleosts. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. International Human Frontier Science Program Organization, LT0063/2022-L

In searches for past and present Martian life, some scientists say we’ve been too cautious to see what’s right in front of us

Apply to Curator of Insects & Arachnids at Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, ON, Canada.

A Bit About Us: We're Arcadia Science, an evolutionary biology company founded and led by scientists. Our mission is to turn natural innovations into real-world solutions by developing systematic and ...

Nature - Single-cell transcriptomics combined with morphological and ecological data show that the rapid evolutionary radiation of cichlid fishes in Lake Tanganyika was accompanied by dietary...

Assistant Professor - Animal Morphogenesis

In the developing cerebral cortex, Cajal Retzius (CR) cells are early-born neurons that orchestrate the development of mammalian-specific cortical features. However, this cell type has not been conclu...