Reposted by Michael Hoffman
What does whale oil have to do with critical minerals? They both demonstrate the power of innovation to drive substitution of seemingly essential commodities. My new Substack describes the research and economic history on this underappreciated process.
#econsky
open.substack.com/pub/macroeco...
open.substack.com
Substitution through innovation
How cycles of shocks and adaptation are the constant of economic history