Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 05 October 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01365-4A study in Nature by Cui et al. reports that sympathetic nerve activity during the growth phase of hair follicles activates endogenous retroviruses, leading to an innate immune response that destabilizes immune privilege.

Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel win the 2026 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work on optogenetics, which has revolutionized neuroscience.

Type 2 inflammation trains nerve- and airway-associated macrophages to confer disease tolerance against lethal influenza by limiting immunopathology and promoting tissue repair without enhancing viral...

The 2027 Gordon Research Conference on Immunology of Fungal Infections will be held in Ventura, California. Apply today to reserve your spot.

Huerta et al. review the organization of vagal neuroimmune circuits, describing how these circuits sense and regulate inflammation, from cytokine encoding

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have revolutionized engineered cell therapies for cancer. Impressive anti-tumor effects have now been achieved by fitting CARs onto fused macrophage–neutrophil hybrid...

A system of macrophages in the heart supports cardiomyocyte health by phagocytosing exopher particles ejected from cardiomyocytes that contain defective mitochondria, among other cellular contents.

In June this year, the International Conference on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis (ICCC) held a panel discussion on climate change and what influence this may have on fungi and fungal diseases. Our E...

Training the next generation of neurocritical care professionals requires an approach that accounts for different practice environments, health systems and patient populations. At the NCS 24th Annual ...

AbstractRationale. Bronchiectasis is a chronic, progressive airway disease with rising global prevalence. However, no population-based epidemiologic study

In this Review, Hart and colleagues summarize some of the key cellular players and soluble mediators involved in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis progression, and how distinct types of inflammation joint...

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) feature a branched chromatin architecture whose origin and function remain unknown. We found that NET branching is mediated by RAD51, a protein generating DNA jun...

Lipids generated by oxidative stress and their effects on immunity and cancer are reviewed.

The Homestretch eases you out of the workday and brings you back home, with an entertaining mix of news, traffic information and local stories.

Tsankov and colleagues find that NOD2 signaling in intestinal endothelial cells drives T cell homing to the mesenteric lymph nodes during homeostasis and infection.

SARS-CoV-2 encodes a viral deISGylase called PLpro, but its physiological functions and direct substrates remain elusive. Using a deISGylation-activity-ablated recombinant SARS-CoV-2, Zhu et al. show that deISGylation activity is required for innate immune evasion and, furthermore, relieves metabolic restriction of viral replication by modulating the activity of key enzymes in glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and redox homeostasis.

Researchers develop innovative method to analyze immune cell response during severe infection

The biofilm-associated exopolysaccharide PNAG is frequently expressed in Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates but is often reduced during laboratory passage, with expression highly dependent on growth conditions. While in vitro analyses have revealed that PNAG is not a dominant matrix component, our intravital imaging of community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) skin infections demonstrates that PNAG is robustly produced in vivo and plays a central role in immune evasion. These findings highlight how PNAG function in tissue environments may be non-obvious in vitro and underscore the need for in vivo models to understand biofilm pathogenesis. By revealing PNAG as a key barrier to neutrophil-mediated clearance, this work positions PNAG and PNAG-targeting glycoside hydrolases as compelling therapeutic candidates for treating antibiotic-resistant S. aureus biofilm infections, a major cause of morbidity in both healthcare and community settings.

There’s a saying in the management world, popularized by NASA administrator Daniel Goldin in the 1990s, that the goal of technological improvements is to make products faster, better, and cheaper. Alt...

Despite the best efforts of intensive care unit (ICU) staff and physicians and the most advanced life support, Dr. Bryan Yipp, witnesses many deaths in the ICU attributed to sepsis. "Sepsis is the bod...

University of Calgary researchers invented a new way to analyze cells inside our body. The methodology coined Cellular Behavioromics has enhanced understanding of deadly sepsis infections. During seps...

Bioelectronic technologies are being deployed to treat many inflammatory conditions using transcutaneous auricular nerve stimulation. Shibuya et al. employ viral tracing, chemogenetics, and optogenetics to unveil a sensory skin-lung vagal reflex that suppresses allergic airway inflammation. They identify the neuropeptide CGRPβ as a key mediator and provide a rationale for transcutaneous bioelectronic neuromodulation in asthma.

Not Faster, Better, Cheaper

Bioelectronic technologies are being deployed to treat many inflammatory conditions using transcutaneous auricular nerve stimulation. Shibuya et al. employ viral tracing, chemogenetics, and optogeneti...

Embryonic skin wounds regenerate diverse cell types across all lineages, but this capacity is lost soon after birth, as a postnatal wound-specific fibroblast population drives excessive innervation th...

Guerrero-Fonseca et al. provide evidence for a cellular cross talk through which neutrophils transfer proteases into endothelial cells to degrade cortactin

Notch signaling tunes the environmental responsiveness of intestinal ILC2s.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 09 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01323-0A study in Science uses intravital microscopy to analyse the septic process in real time in mouse lung, showing that immunothrombus formation is associated with early pathology and mortality but later protection from disease through bacterial trapping.

A study in Science uses intravital microscopy to analyse the septic process in real time in mouse lung, showing that immunothrombus formation is associated with early pathology and mortality but later...

A decline in specific antibody responses is a hallmark of human aging, yet the differential contributions of B and T lymphocytes remain unclear. CXCL1…

Sepsis is an immune paradox in which host defense is necessary for survival but also contributes to organ damage and death. We defined an immunothrombosis cascade of neutrophil and platelets in the lu...

Using scRNA-seq of skin-innervating neurons, Voisin et al. show that skin-projecting nociceptor subpopulations differentially integrate the inflammatory response during allergic contact dermatitis. Although peptidergic TRPV1+ neurons control neutrophils and the inflammatory response, reprogrammed NP1 neurons control itch-evoked behavior.

Lung diseases drive substantial hospitalization, but available therapies remain limited. In this Review, Talbot and colleagues highlight pulmonary neuroimmunology — the bidirectional crosstalk between...

Lung diseases drive substantial hospitalization, but available therapies remain limited. In this Review, Talbot and colleagues highlight pulmonary neuroimmunology — the bidirectional crosstalk between...

Researchers from the University of Calgary say they've found key gaps in the way allegations and findings of sexual assault and misconduct against physicians are tracked and reported in Canada — and t...