Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 29 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01357-4In this Perspective, the authors use examples from evolution, animal models of disease and clinical results to explore how IFNγ, a quintessential antipathogen cytokine, also has a fundamental role in tissue homeostasis and organ function through its effects on non-haematopoietic structural cells.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 28 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01362-7A study in Immunity reports that protease allergens ‘train’ sensory neurons through metabolic remodelling to enhance the response to re-exposure.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 29 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01357-4In this Perspective, the authors use examples from evolution, animal models of disease and clinical results to explore how IFNγ, a quintessential antipathogen cytokine, also has a fundamental role in tissue homeostasis and organ function through its effects on non-haematopoietic structural cells.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 28 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01361-8Immune-based therapies have transformed the treatment of cancer and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, but treatment is often suboptimal and the ability to predictably harness the immune system for new therapies remains limited. The pharmacology of immune-based drugs may be distinct from that of many traditional therapies. Here, I outline four principles of ‘immunopharmacology’ that provide a framework for understanding how the immune system responds to therapeutic perturbation. These principles may help to better define how immune-based therapies work and identify new opportunities for drugging the immune system.

A study in Immunity reports that protease allergens ‘train’ sensory neurons through metabolic remodelling to enhance the response to re-exposure.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 28 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01362-7A study in Immunity reports that protease allergens ‘train’ sensory neurons through metabolic remodelling to enhance the response to re-exposure.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 28 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01361-8Immune-based therapies have transformed the treatment of cancer and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, but treatment is often suboptimal and the ability to predictably harness the immune system for new therapies remains limited. The pharmacology of immune-based drugs may be distinct from that of many traditional therapies. Here, I outline four principles of ‘immunopharmacology’ that provide a framework for understanding how the immune system responds to therapeutic perturbation. These principles may help to better define how immune-based therapies work and identify new opportunities for drugging the immune system.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 25 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01353-8As Nature Reviews Immunology marks its twenty-fifth anniversary, leading immunologists reflect on the questions, challenges and conditions that will shape the future of the field.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 25 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01353-8As Nature Reviews Immunology marks its twenty-fifth anniversary, leading immunologists reflect on the questions, challenges and conditions that will shape the future of the field.

Immune plasticity during the perinatal period enables mammalian offspring to successfully navigate the transition from prenatal, intrauterine life to postnatal, extrauterine life. This Review highligh...

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 18 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01354-7Immune plasticity during the perinatal period enables mammalian offspring to successfully navigate the transition from prenatal, intrauterine life to postnatal, extrauterine life. This Review highlights recent advances in our understanding of perinatal immune plasticity and the factors that modulate it, with implications for neonatal health and disease.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 18 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01354-7Immune plasticity during the perinatal period enables mammalian offspring to successfully navigate the transition from prenatal, intrauterine life to postnatal, extrauterine life. This Review highlights recent advances in our understanding of perinatal immune plasticity and the factors that modulate it, with implications for neonatal health and disease.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 16 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01356-5The formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) has been associated with better outcomes in patients with certain tumours. Here the authors discuss how immunogenic cell death can lead to the formation of TLSs and explain why this knowledge could help us design better cancer therapies.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 16 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01356-5The formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) has been associated with better outcomes in patients with certain tumours. Here the authors discuss how immunogenic cell death can lead to the formation of TLSs and explain why this knowledge could help us design better cancer therapies.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 02 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01345-8This Review summarizes our current understanding of the immunological roles of IL-33 and the IL-33 receptor, also known as ST2. The authors focus on the effects of IL-33 in different disease settings, including infections, cancer, autoimmunity, chronic inflammation and allergy. They further discuss emerging clinical data from studies targeting IL-33 receptor signalling in disease.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 02 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01345-8This Review summarizes our current understanding of the immunological roles of IL-33 and the IL-33 receptor, also known as ST2. The authors focus on the effects of IL-33 in different disease settings, including infections, cancer, autoimmunity, chronic inflammation and allergy. They further discuss emerging clinical data from studies targeting IL-33 receptor signalling in disease.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 27 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01344-9Epigenetic programmes collectively orchestrate B cell development, activation, germinal centre responses and the maintenance of self-tolerance. This Review examines how layered epigenetic mechanisms govern normal B cell function and enforce self-tolerance, and how their dysregulation breaches successive tolerance checkpoints to drive autoreactive B cell emergence and autoantibody production in systemic autoimmune disease.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 27 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01348-5Excessive glutamate receptor signalling contributes to central nervous system pathology in different neurological settings, including in epilepsy, Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis. Here, the authors discuss the need to integrate the immune system along with glutamate-centric mechanisms as a core driver of excitotoxic pathology. They suggest that this concept of ‘immune-mediated excitotoxicity’ can help us develop better therapeutic interventions for various neurological conditions.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 27 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01344-9Epigenetic programmes collectively orchestrate B cell development, activation, germinal centre responses and the maintenance of self-tolerance. This Review examines how layered epigenetic mechanisms govern normal B cell function and enforce self-tolerance, and how their dysregulation breaches successive tolerance checkpoints to drive autoreactive B cell emergence and autoantibody production in systemic autoimmune disease.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 27 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01348-5Excessive glutamate receptor signalling contributes to central nervous system pathology in different neurological settings, including in epilepsy, Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis. Here, the authors discuss the need to integrate the immune system along with glutamate-centric mechanisms as a core driver of excitotoxic pathology. They suggest that this concept of ‘immune-mediated excitotoxicity’ can help us develop better therapeutic interventions for various neurological conditions.

The country singer was an advocate for vaccines, public health, literacy and marginalized communities.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 25 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01352-9Checkpoint inhibitors, CAR T cells and bispecific T cell engagers have demonstrated the transformative potential of cancer immunotherapy. However, progress has slowed as efforts have focused on replicating PD-(L)1 blockade successes, highlighting the need for deeper understanding of human cancer immunity.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 24 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01351-wThe discoveries that have transformed immunology often seem obvious in retrospect. Yet none began as an inevitable destination. They began with observations that did not fit, assumptions that somebody challenged, or questions that nobody yet realized were important. Discovery was the outcome. Surprise was the process.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 25 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01352-9Checkpoint inhibitors, CAR T cells and bispecific T cell engagers have demonstrated the transformative potential of cancer immunotherapy. However, progress has slowed as efforts have focused on replicating PD-(L)1 blockade successes, highlighting the need for deeper understanding of human cancer immunity.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 24 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01351-wThe discoveries that have transformed immunology often seem obvious in retrospect. Yet none began as an inevitable destination. They began with observations that did not fit, assumptions that somebody challenged, or questions that nobody yet realized were important. Discovery was the outcome. Surprise was the process.

Nature Reviews Immunology - Why do so many promising immunotherapies fail to reach their potential? Adrian Hayday argues that transformative clinical advances depend on protecting specialized...

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 19 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01349-4Inflammation seems to permeate many aspects of our lives, with the incidence of inflammatory diseases on the rise and ageing being blamed on it. Will the next 25 years see better ways to treat or prevent inflammation and allow us to live longer and healthier lives?

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 19 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01347-6Why do so many promising immunotherapies fail to reach their potential? Adrian Hayday argues that transformative clinical advances depend on protecting specialized ‘squares of discovery’ in which deep understanding and unexpected insights emerge, while building stronger pathways to biotechnology, pharmaceutical development and patient care.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 19 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01349-4Inflammation seems to permeate many aspects of our lives, with the incidence of inflammatory diseases on the rise and ageing being blamed on it. Will the next 25 years see better ways to treat or prevent inflammation and allow us to live longer and healthier lives?

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 19 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01347-6Why do so many promising immunotherapies fail to reach their potential? Adrian Hayday argues that transformative clinical advances depend on protecting specialized ‘squares of discovery’ in which deep understanding and unexpected insights emerge, while building stronger pathways to biotechnology, pharmaceutical development and patient care.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 18 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01350-xAdaptive immunity is indispensable to vertebrates, yet most living organisms defend themselves perfectly well without it. Here, I ask why somatically diversified antigen recognition evolved and whether its original advantage extended beyond host defence.

Nature Reviews Immunology - Adaptive immunity is indispensable to vertebrates, yet most living organisms defend themselves perfectly well without it. Here, I ask why somatically diversified antigen...

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 18 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01350-xAdaptive immunity is indispensable to vertebrates, yet most living organisms defend themselves perfectly well without it. Here, I ask why somatically diversified antigen recognition evolved and whether its original advantage extended beyond host defence.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 11 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01335-wThis Review outlines the context-dependent mechanisms that determine the immune surveillance or immune evasion of senescent cells and how targeting these immune-mediated pathways may prevent or treat senescence-related tissue dysfunction.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 11 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01335-wThis Review outlines the context-dependent mechanisms that determine the immune surveillance or immune evasion of senescent cells and how targeting these immune-mediated pathways may prevent or treat senescence-related tissue dysfunction.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 10 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01337-8Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, is emerging as a key regulator of T cell biology. This Review examines how iron, lipid and redox pathways shape T cell development, function and survival, and explores how manipulating ferroptosis could enhance cancer immunotherapy, improve adoptive cell therapies, and enable more precise immune interventions.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 10 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01337-8Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, is emerging as a key regulator of T cell biology. This Review examines how iron, lipid and redox pathways shape T cell development, function and survival, and explores how manipulating ferroptosis could enhance cancer immunotherapy, improve adoptive cell therapies, and enable more precise immune interventions.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 06 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01341-yAcademic biomedical research is national defence

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 06 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01341-yAcademic biomedical research is national defence

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 30 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01346-7Stimulating the auricular branch of the vagus nerve can suppress allergic airway inflammation in mice.

Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 30 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01346-7Stimulating the auricular branch of the vagus nerve can suppress allergic airway inflammation in mice.