Menopause is an important biological transition with up to 72 symptoms that shapes aging trajectories across organs and encompasses ~40% of the female lifespan. Although menopause awareness is increas...

This issue's special section on interstitial lung disease (ILD) spans the translational spectrum of ILD research, encompassing clinical practice guidelines

Stanford Health Care delivers the highest levels of care and compassion. SHC treats cancer, heart disease, brain disorders, primary care issues, and many more.

As dengue spreads further outside its normal tropical zones, doctors and patients need to know what to watch for.

Pennsylvania has reported a fourth death related to measles, the latest in a growing outbreak that has also sparked ongoing political clashes.

Financial conflicts of interest remain rife in the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN), BMJ analysis reveals. Despite a new code of conduct banning links to the food industry, members wi...

It is unclear whether the reported natriuretic and diuretic effects of glucagon are mediated by renal hemodynamic changes or by direct tubular actions within the kidney. We investigated the renal effe...

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) based drug treatments for weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes.Design Network meta-analysis...

This narrative review discusses the current and emerging role of right ventricular–focused imaging and hemodynamic parameters as end points in clinical trials and a comprehensive framework for their development, validation, and broader implementation.

Ecological change in the Brazilian Amazon is closely linked to human mobility and health. Mining, agriculture, logging, and other activities alter ...

Deescalation, discontinuation, and deimplementation trials have emerged in multiple health care contexts in which interventions are suspected of being inappropriately used, applied beyond their…

The escalated abuse against Dr. Hussam Abu Safiya following a legal challenge to his detention has sent a chilling message to the families of detained medical workers in Gaza.

Background Inflammation has long-term health impacts across the life course. Breastfeeding substantially reduces inflammation risk, but key pathways, including the extent that this is due to protection against early life infection, are poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the relationships between breastfeeding, inflammation, and infection burden, and to determine the extent to which metabolomic and lipidomic profiles associated with breastfeeding mediate these health outcomes. Methods We utilised data from the Barwon Infant Study (BIS), a longitudinal birth cohort in Victoria, Australia. Infants (n = 889) with available breastfeeding (categorised as yes/no) clinical, metabolomic, and Lipidomic data at 6 and/or 12 months were included (n = 793 at 6 months, n = 734 at 12 months). Inflammation, measured via glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA), at 6 and 12 months and infection burden, including parent-reported and medically attended infections assessed through standardised 3-monthly questionnaires were used as outcomes. Results Any breastfeeding, regardless of supplementary feeding, was associated with lower inflammation, fewer infections, and significant, potentially beneficial changes in metabolomic and lipidomic markers, particularly plasmalogens. There was evidence of bidirectional mediation: metabolomic biomarkers and lipids mediated breastfeeding’s effects on inflammation, while inflammation partly mediated breastfeeding’s impact on certain metabolites and lipids. Conclusions These findings highlight pathways through which breastfeeding reduces inflammation and infection burden, identifying potential targets for optimising infant feeding.