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Nature Neuroscience - Neuroinflammation triggers DNA damage and subsequent parthanatos-mediated neuron death. Inhibiting parthanatos in a mouse model of autoimmune inflammation is neuroprotective...

Semaglutide is a peptide. Your stomach’s entire job is to destroy peptides.

Research shows that previous peripheral microbial encounters can prime the entry of memory T cells into the brain, reshaping neuroimmune surveillance and altering seizure severity through microorganis...

Single-cell transcriptomics analysis and multimodal profiling (STAMP) by imaging enables single-cell analysis of cells in suspension without the need for sequencing. The markedly reduced costs and fle...

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The authors describe a mechanism for the clearance of macromolecules from cerebrospinal fluid in which macromolecules traverse from periarterial to perivenous spaces, at sites where intersecting lepto...

The advances achieved against multiple sclerosis (MS) represent one of the great success stories of modern molecular medicine. The development of therapies with increasing selectivity and safety, gui....

This study attempts to identify prognostic factors at radiologically isolated syndrome diagnosis associated with the development of multiple sclerosis symptoms.

The outflow pathway of cerebrospinal fluid into lymph nodes in the neck and how non-invasive mechanical stimulation can enhance drainage and restore impaired outflow in aged mice are explored.

The choroid plexus (ChP) provides molecular cues for brain development. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study identifies an apocrine secretion mechanism in the ChP that modulates ...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common non-infectious inflammatory CNS disease, characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and focal demyelinated lesions. Traditionally considered an autoimmu....

Multiple sclerosis is the most common cause of progressive neurologic disability in young adults. There had been no treatments for the disease, except for glucocorticoids, which were used for more ...

The function of immune pathways in homeostatic neurobiology remains underexplored. Zengeler et al. find that the inflammasome complex, typically associated with immune responses, is involved in memory...

The function of immune pathways in homeostatic neurobiology remains underexplored. Zengeler et al. find that the inflammasome complex, typically associated with immune responses, is involved in memory...

In this Perspective, Smyth and Kipnis reappraise the concept of immune privilege in the central nervous system. Although immune privilege was originally thought to involve isolation of the central ner...

Hematopoietic stem cell transplant is the gold standard for treatment of globoid cell leukodystrophy, also called Krabbe disease. Aisenberg et al. define the molecular signature of disease-associated macrophages (globoid cells) and demonstrate that brain-specific high-efficiency macrophage replacement in the twitcher model of Krabbe disease improves neuropathology, macrophage dysfunction, and survival.

This study identifies a unique multiple sclerosis lesion, the broad rim lesion, which is associated with rapid disease progression and marked by a distinct inflammatory profile involving innate inflam...

T and B cells cooperate in meningeal eLFs to promote differentiation and clonal expansion of B cells and reactivation of CNS T cells.

Oligodendrocyte-derived IL-33 regulates self-reactive CD8+ T cells in CNS autoimmunity. IL-33 ablation reduces persistence and TCF-1low effector T cell gen

Han et al. report the existence of neural stem cells (NSCs) outside the central nervous system and show that these peripheral NSCs display features similar to brain NSCs, including the ability to diff...

Mapping the expression of all five IL-17 receptor subunits in the mouse brain reveals how IL-17 cytokines shape social behaviors by modulating neuronal activity within the somatosensory cortex.

Microglia have key roles in CNS development and neurodegeneration. Here, the authors provide an overview of microglia heterogeneity, cell-state annotation and model systems.

Brain-initiated hunger signals control circulating monocyte dynamics.

The ratio between the levels of two synaptic proteins in cerebrospinal fluid predicts future cognitive resilience versus decline among presymptomatic individuals and individuals with early Alzheimer’s...

Therapeutic interventions for motor axon regeneration following peripheral nerve injury are currently unavailable. Here authors show local administration of a non-muscle myosin II inhibitor at the inj...

Given the growing evidence linking microglia to the onset and progression of various neurodegenerative diseases, these brain-resident macrophages have emerged as a promising cell type for targeted the...

Tired of spending countless hours on peer reviews? An AI-assisted workflow could help.

Inferring cellular and molecular dynamics of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions from postmortem tissue collected decades after onset is challenging. Using magnetic resonance image (MRI)–guided spatiotemp...

Hasel et al. show that molecularly and morphologically specialized astrocytes make up the brain and spinal cord surface, thereby creating the glia limitans superficialis. These astrocytes selectively ...

The mechanisms of pathological astrocyte responses during multiple sclerosis remain unclear. Kadowaki et al. found in MS mouse models that CLEC16A suppresses astrocyte pathogenic activities related to...

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To engineer cells that can specifically target the central nervous system (CNS), we identified extracellular CNS-specific antigens, including components of the CNS extracellular matrix and surface mol...

More than three billion years of evolution have produced an image of biology encoded into the space of natural proteins. Here we show that language models trained at scale on evolutionary data can gen...