Different scientific traditions offer seemingly disparate approaches to inferring causal relationships in ecological systems. This Perspective unifies the causal assumptions and methods from...

Wildfires are altering forested landscapes across western North America. These wildfires are increasingly burning with high severity across large area…

Aim The late-Quaternary extinctions, which affected primarily large mammals, are strongly connected to the migration of modern humans out of sub-Saharan Africa and tropical Asia (the Palaeotropics),...

Applying a combined social science and trait-based ecology approach, the authors identify ecological traits in forests eliciting positive or negative well-being among human participants in England and...

Landim et al. show that seed-dispersal interactions require about two decades to functionally recover in tropical forests in Ecuador, but the recovery time of seed-dispersal functions is delayed in pa...

Sites for amphibian conservation in Central and Eastern Europe face intense temperature increments and expanded droughts Sites in the Mediterranean experienced a slower pace of temperature increm...

Although half of Earth’s population resides in the wildland-urban interface, human exposure to wildland fires remains unquantified. We show that the population directly exposed to wildland fires incre...

Climate change poses a growing threat to biodiversity, but disentangling its overall impact from other anthropogenic stressors is challenging. Here the authors use a data-driven climate attribution fr...

The deployment of capable AI agents raises fresh questions about safety, human–machine relationships and social coordination.

Nature Reviews Biodiversity - The terrestrial ecosystems of Southeast Asia are both globally important reservoirs of biodiversity, and a provider of resources and livelihoods for millions of people...

Conservation science and policy are geared primarily toward the preservation of species and habitats, with priority often given to the rarest, most...

Nature Reviews Biodiversity, Published online: 23 July 2025; doi:10.1038/s44358-025-00072-7Addressing disparities in global biodiversity data

Nature Reviews Biodiversity, Published online: 23 July 2025; doi:10.1038/s44358-025-00064-7The terrestrial ecosystems of Southeast Asia are both globally important reservoirs of biodiversity, and a provider of resources and livelihoods for millions of people across the region. This Review summarizes the threats to biodiversity in Southeast Asia, and the conservation solutions required to ensure successful outcomes for biodiversity and people.

Having escaped a life of drudgery in Birmingham, Ozzy became the rare rock frontman you could relate to – and then, against the odds, a national treasure

An interpretability framework that compares how humans and deep neural networks process images has been presented. Their findings reveal that, unlike humans, deep neural networks focus more on visual properties than semantic ones, highlighting divergent representational strategies.

Large pulses of disturbance have been observed globally in response to climate change. Using Taylor’s Law, the authors show that those pulses were not unpredictable but expected given a strong scaling...

Decision-makers need to act now to halt biodiversity loss, and ecologists must provide them with relevant species interaction indicators to inform about community- and ecosystem-level changes. Yet, the integration of ecological networks into conservation is still virtually nonexistent. Here, we argue that existing data and methodologies are sufficient to generate network information usable for conservation and to begin overcoming existing barriers to the integration of network information and biodiversity decision-making. Interaction network indicators must meet criteria important to decision-makers and be tied to specific conservation goals, which requires academics to better engage with practitioners. We use network robustness as an example of an already applicable indicator and showcase its potential with a reusable workflow to inform decision-making.

A guide to making visualizations that accurately reflect the data, tell a story, and look professional.

To date, Marine Protected Area (MPA) planning has been regional. Over half of the current MPA are outside the areas identified as a priority for the protection of global biodiversity in all global and High Seas studies. Using systematic planning, an MPA network could be representative of all marine biodiversity in half of the ocean area and could be representative of between 70% and 90% of biodiversity in 30% of the ocean area. We found that 1% of the ocean was overlapped by the global studies. This 1% should be prioritised internationally and nationally as fully protected MPA which prohibit people from killing wildlife and damaging habitats. Species range maps suggest this 1% may include up to half of some groups of marine species.

Species classified as Critically Endangered are at greatest risk of extinction, and their preservation and recovery are crucial to meeting global biodiversity aims. This Review assesses the geographic...

During the 2025 UN Ocean Conference (UNOC-3), ocean experts Laura Pereira and Jean-Pierre Gattuso share their insights on how ocean science must transform to tackle interconnected and complex global c...

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Nature Reviews Biodiversity, Published online: 20 May 2025; doi:10.1038/s44358-025-00052-xArticles in our May issue discuss how common scientific approaches and datasets could be more useful to policymakers.