Explore comprehensive public opinion data from the European Social Survey and the European Values Survey. Discover insights across topics, countries, an...

Reducing hostility between rival supporters improves social relations and democratic support, but effects vary significantly across countries. 🗳️🤝🌍

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The (alleged) consequences of affective polarization: A survey experiment in nine democracies

The researcher told Newsweek that "partisan animosity in the U.S. may simply be too far gone."

Abstract. Political polarization in America has intensified beyond mere disagreement to what scholars characterize as sectarianism—a condition where partis

Abstract. Political polarization in America has intensified beyond mere disagreement to what scholars characterize as sectarianism—a condition where partis

The (alleged) consequences of affective polarization: A survey experiment in nine democracies

The (alleged) consequences of affective polarization: A survey experiment in nine democracies

We formulate factorial difference-in-differences (FDID), a research design that extends canonical difference-in-differences (DID) to settings in which an event affects all units. In many panel data...

The (alleged) consequences of affective polarization: A survey experiment in nine democracies