Comparisons are fundamental to science: experiment against model, one organism against another, a system against itself across time. Because many systems, from brains to climate, are characterized by ...

Dorsal and ventral noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus form topographic subpopulations whose projection patterns and activity encode choice switching, reward-prediction errors and disregard o...

Multiple learning processes contribute to successful goal-directed actions under changing physiological states, biomechanical constraints, and environmental contexts. Among these, explicit strategies ...

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I use birdsong to understand how the brain learns complex skills across molecules, synapses, circuits, behavior, and computation. On the 2026–27 faculty job market.

Motivation arises from the integration of anticipated reward value and perceived control over effort allocation, yet the neural mechanisms through which these computations shape motivated behavior,…

All physical interactions between an organism and its environment occur within the space immediately adjacent to and surrounding its body, its peripersonal space (PPS). This space has been extensively...

Catecholaminergic modulation by methylphenidate affects appetitive and aversive Pavlovian biases of approach and avoidance in humans depending on individual differences in working memory capacity.

Thompson, Rollik and colleagues show that, during sleep, the brain replays procedural memories in the striatum independently of the hippocampus. Replay content was shaped by prior reward and error out...

Neuropsychopharmacology - Sequence termination cues drive automated habit-like strategy via dopamine-mediated processes

HHMI's June 2026 live virtual event was a chance for early career scientists to learn more and ask questions about HHMI's upcoming competitions — the Freeman Hrabowski Scholars and Hanna H. Gray Fellows Programs (applications open Nov. 3, 2026), and the Gilliam Fellows Program (applications open Sept. 1, 2026) — which provide generous support to scientists from graduate training through the early faculty years. Featuring Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer Leslie Vosshall; Scientific Program Officers Josh Hall, Angela DePace, and Jose Faraldo-Gomez; and Senior Science Program Coordinator Adrielle Munger, the event covered everything from the details of each program to what HHMI looks for in candidates, and key elements of a strong application. Visit hhmi.org/programs to learn more, and stay connected via email (https://www.hhmi.org/newsletters) and social (below) for regular updates. _____ Follow HHMI https://www.instagram.com/hhmi_science/ https://www.linkedin.com/company/howard-hughes-medical-institute https://www.facebook.com/HowardHughesMed https://x.com/hhmi_science Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/hhmi-science.bsky.social

Imagine you are building a robot to clean your room. The robot needs to overcome a number of challenges in order to complete its tasks, including: perceiving things from changing perspectives,…

How humans process competing information when making multi-alternative decisions remains unclear. Here, the authors show that the brain resolves the trade-off between “evaluating within” and “comparin...

Now hiring a postdoc and a research technician with an interest in neuroeconomics or computational psychiatry.

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It’s an important milestone in many academic careers, yet the tenure process is surprisingly nebulous. Here’s what it takes to succeed.

In this preprint the authors propose a shift in what counts in the biomedical sciences: researchers should be recognized for what they choose to share on their own terms and timeline (for example as p...

Nouri et al., (2025). TranCIT: Transient Causal Interaction Toolbox. Journal of Open Source Software, 10(116), 9302, https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.09302

Scientific Data - Dataset of cortical and subcortical single neuron activity during value-based tasks in macaque monkey

The boost would help counter the planned sunsetting of one of the program’s long-standing funding streams.

Many everyday experiences share a recurring structure: routines, familiar routes, rewatched films, and replayed songs. How do repeated encounters with such structure alter the brain’s representations ...

Neuropsychopharmacology - Multiple sources of β2*-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding are differentially affected during tobacco smoking abstinence as revealed by Independent Component...