Many animal species replace histones with protamines during spermatogenesis. Although essential for sperm function, protamines evolve rapidly for reasons that remain unknown. Using in vivo gene replac...

Guppy colouration is a very diverse trait under natural and sexual selection. Using a combination of high-resolution phenotyping and genomic analysis, the authors reveal the genetic architecture of th...

Genomic inversions spanning many genes can persist for millions of years. This study of Trinidadian guppy populations reveals how both ecological conditions and mate choice help maintain this hidden l...

Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 11 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-026-00995-7Hybridization, the exchange of genes between divergent lineages, is now recognized as widespread across eukaryotes and essential to understanding genome evolution. In this Review, Schumer and Rieseberg overview methodological advances facilitating recent progress, reassess the frequency, causes and consequences of hybridization, and highlight key open questions.

Yang et al. show that α-satellite RNA, derived from human centromeric satellite repeats, forms R-loops at human centromeres to ensure faithful chromosome segregation by recruiting Shugoshin 1. This mechanism is essential for preserving chromosomal stability.

Abstract. Segmental duplications are major drivers of evolutionary innovation; yet, their dynamics across vertebrates remain poorly understood. Here, we id

Satellite imagery and machine learning used for the mapping of six seminatural open wetland types and land-use disturbance in European countries shows that wetlands are highly fragmented and have uneven restoration needs.

Introgression of genes from wild tomato species can enhance the robustness of modern tomatoes. Here van Rengs et al. describe the genomes of wild tomato species and show how reproductive gender and st...

SIRT7 safeguards X-chromosome integrity and dosage balance with autosomes.

Analysis of the asexually reproducing Amazon molly Poecilia formosa and its sexually reproducing progenitors Poecilia mexicana and Poecilia latipinna reveals that it maintains a divergent mutational landscape and has evaded functional mutational decay via gene conversion.

Genomic analysis shows that interbreeding between female Neanderthals and human males was less common than the opposite combination.

To date, no scientist has been able to solve the enigma of the origin of the mysterious blue stones.

Vážený pane ministře, Svaz měst a obcí České republiky se musí velice hlasitě ozvat na obranu edukativních vzdělávacích programů pro děti a mládež, které nabízejí neziskové organizace zřizované mnohdy...

An exoplanet called HD 137010 b might be the closest thing astronomers have ever seen to “Earth 2.0.” The trouble is that it’s only been seen once—and may never be glimpsed again

Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 27 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-026-00934-6In this Journal Club, Hodkinson and Larschan recall a 2002 paper by Meller and Rattner that used the power of Drosophila genetics to demonstrate the integral role of long non-coding RNAs in dosage compensation.

In a recent Nature article, Venkat Sankar et al. uncover ecDNA harboring specific DNA sequences called retention elements, contact regions of mitotic chromosomes that are bookmarked by transcription factors and chromatin proteins to promote coordinated inheritance. Retention elements are essential for ecDNA amplification, even in the absence of positive selection, and their silencing can lead to rapid ecDNA depletion.

Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 09 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-025-00926-yIn this Tools of the Trade article, Yubao Cheng discusses the development of RAEFISH (reverse-padlock amplicon-encoding fluorescence in situ hybridization), a method that enables spatial transcriptomics with both single-molecule spatial resolution and genome-wide coverage.

Researchers believe they could be representations of extraterrestrial beings that visited humanity in the past.

NASA spent years and billions of dollars collecting Martian samples to bring home. Now they might be stranded

Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 06 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-025-00923-1The complex and repetitive nature of centromeres has historically posed challenges to their genomic assembly and functional understanding, which are now being overcome with long-read sequencing. This Review discusses recent genomic and epigenomic insights into human centromere biology that have positioned the field for future studies of centromere structure in chromosome biology and human disease.

Nature - Technical advances allow researchers to trace the genetic changes that occur over time.

The genome of Arabidopsis thaliana consists of 10 chromosomes. By inducing CRISPR-Cas–mediated breaks at subcentromeric and subtelomeric sequences, we fused entire chromosome arms, obtaining two eight...

Abstract. A lack of recombination in the heterogametic sex between parts or all of newly evolving sex chromosomes results in the gradual accumulation of de

Certain genes, chromosomes, organelles, or entire sets of chromosomes can bias their transmission to the next generation, propagating themselves at the expense of the rest of the genome. Referred to …