Brain imaging across more than 1,200 people identifies two reproducible reward profiles, one tuned to cues and one to outcomes. The two profiles respond in opposite ways to dopamine-blocking drugs, an...

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Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial validation across human and mouse striatum define principles of neuronal specialization across cell types, subregions, and species. These findings lay the fou...

In the 21st century, neuroglial research has entered a period of Renaissance, extending the views of prominent neuroanatomists and neurologists of the 19th and early 20th centuries, who assigned to g....

Neurons have long taken top billing in memory, but researchers are making the case for astrocytes.

In this Journal Club, Laura Bradfield discusses a 1998 study showing that scrub jays exhibit episodic-like memory.

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A long campaign to improve Australia’s sclerotic research bureaucracy has culminated in an extraordinary blowout to grant approval times, leaving scientists despondent.

Reward predictions not only promote reward pursuit, they also shape how reward is pursed. Such predictions are supported by environmental cues that signal reward availability and probability. Such cue...

Cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) constitute only a small fraction of striatal neurons, yet their dense axonal arborizations and widespread acetylcholine relea...

Neuropsychopharmacology - Disinhibition of ventral tegmental area during initial punishment learning causes enduring punishment insensitivity

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Neuropsychopharmacology - Dorsomedial striatal neuroinflammation causes excessive goal-directed action control by disrupting astrocyte function

Astrocytes are a brain cell type vulnerable to the effects of stress and the development of psychiatric-like phenotypes in animals, yet how this translates to humans is unclear. Here, we probed the di...

Biological sex exerts a substantial influence on the immune system and immune-related diseases. Males are more susceptible to the acute effects of viral disease and certain cancers, whereas females ex...

Value-modulated attentional capture (VMAC) refers to a process by which a priori neutral stimuli gain attentional priority when associated with reward, independently of goal or stimulus-driven attenti...

Widespread mockery of AI-generated rat with giant penis in one paper brings problem to public attention

The medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) has been implicated in shaping decisions involving reward uncertainty, in part by using memories to infer future outcomes. This region is interconnected with oth...

France’s research minister said the scientist was traveling to Houston for a conference when his phone was searched