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Su-Min Lee

@su-min-lee.bsky.social
98 followers 211 following 50 posts

Principal Economist at London Economics @le-education.bsky.social | PhD University of Cambridge | Research on childcare, education, labour markets, data science | Personal views only

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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 24/09/2026
Working with @coalitionedcare.bsky.social, we at @le-education.bsky.social looked at (1) how much it currently costs childcare settings to deliver entitlement funded hours, and (2) how much it would cost to deliver further improvements in early years.
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London Economics' Education and Labour Markets Team @le-education.bsky.social · 20/09/2026
Heading to the Labour Party Conference next weekend with @su-min-lee.bsky.social and Carl Emmerson. Get in touch if you would like to meet up.
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 17/09/2026
In a rapidly evolving early years landscape, there is a real opportunity to make early years provision work for all children, including a rising proportion with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND). But what would it actually cost to make early years provision more inclusive for all?
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 08/07/2026
Significant announcement - especially as the vast majority of funded childcare is focused on children from working families (e.g., families where parents are studying/in training aren't eligible for some entitlements in contrast to Wales)
nurseryworld.co.uk
Education secretary calls for 30-hour childcare offer to be made universal - Nursery World
The Education secretary, Bridget Phillipson, is to say that she wants the 30 hours of funded early education to be extended to low-income families.
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 08/07/2026
Very excited to be part of the Expansion of Childcare Expert Steering Group led by @sionedplaid.bsky.social to help the Welsh Government make their transition to a universal childcare offer a success (especially rewarding having advised Plaid on their manifesto) www.gov.wales/expert-group...
gov.wales
Expert group meet to shape Wales's universal childcare offer | GOV.WALES
An expert group who will help to shape, support and advise on delivering the expanded childcare offer in Wales, have met for the first time today.
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Louise Murphy @louisemurphy.bsky.social · 25/02/2026
Tomorrow the ONS will publish new data on the number of young people who are not in education, employment or training (NEET). This is important – and not just because the number is very close to one million…
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 26/11/2025
The OBR leak circus this lunchtime shouldn't take away attention from some really important changes - one that might go under the radar is central government taking on the full cost of Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) provision currently covered by LAs.
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Nye Cominetti @nyecominetti.bsky.social · 25/11/2025
The 2026 minimum wage rates have been announced: NLW: £12.21➡️£12.71. (+4.1%) 18-20-yo rate: £10➡️£10.85. (+8.5%) 16-17-yo rate: £7.55➡️£8.00. (+6%) Some context & thoughts on those uprating decisions:
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 26/11/2025
🚨 Ahead of the budget today the government announced a 4% increase in the National Living Wage (NLW) from £12.21 to £12.71 (applicable to those aged 21 and older), but much of the debate today will focus on the 8.5% increase in the minimum wage for those aged 18 to 20 (from £10.00 to £10.85).
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 10/10/2025
Thrilled to see our childcare policy research cited by Plaid Cymru and directly feeding into their manifesto pledge announced today at their party conference - includes a new universal offer of 20hrs per week of funded childcare for all children from the age of 9 months to 4 years…
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The Institute for Fiscal Studies @theifs.bsky.social · 03/10/2025
NEW: The share of children receiving disability support and the share on high-level special educational support have both doubled since 2016. THREAD on @eduinlatimer.bsky.social, @lukesibieta.bsky.social and Darcey Snape's IFS Green Budget chapter, funded by @nuffieldfoundation.org:
Chart shows share of under 16s on disability benefits and share of pupils with high-level special educational support. Title states: "The share of children receiving high-level special educational support and the share on disability benefits have both doubled in the past decade."
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 30/09/2025
Encouraging to hear the PM at #Lab25 talk about childcare not just as an (important) avenue of getting parents into work but also to improve children’s outcomes. However, doing so raises the question about the working eligibility criteria for access to the expanded entitlements.
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 29/09/2025
Our research published today by DfE highlights the importance of not seeing the childcare sector as one monolithic block, with half the sector not being able to cover their costs. @le-education.bsky.social assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/68d11e...
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New Economics Foundation @neweconomics.bsky.social · 31/07/2025
NEW RESEARCH: The richest households in England will be eight times more likely to benefit from the government’s expanded programme of funded childcare hours. 1/8
Image of mother and baby looking at a laptop screen. Text reads: Childcare inequality in England. New analysis reveals who really benefits from government support.
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Save the Children UK @savechildrenuk.bsky.social · 13/06/2025
To meet the Prime Minister’s target of having 75% of children “school-ready” by 2028, the UK Government must urgently invest in the childcare workforce to deliver their expanded childcare offer or they risk failing families. Our new analysis in @nurseryworld.bsky.social 👇
nurseryworld.co.uk
Charity warns of 'blind spot' in childcare as pay and qualifications of staff missing from reforms - Nursery World
The Government risks failing families with its expanded childcare offer unless it urgently invests in the workforce to deliver it, Save the Children has warned.
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 17/06/2025
🚨 New analysis by London Economics for @savechildrenuk.bsky.social highlights significant funding shortfalls in government support for childcare, and sets out funding requirements to improve quality and inclusivity. 📍 Link to @le-education.bsky.social summary londoneconomics.co.uk/blog/publica...
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Eduin Latimer @eduinlatimer.bsky.social · 12/03/2025
New report out today with colleagues @theifs.bsky.social and funded by @jrf-uk.bsky.social and @healthfoundation.bsky.social. We look at what we know about the role of changing health and reported disability in the 38% rise in people claiming disability benefits since the pandemic. A 🧵 [1/10]
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 02/01/2025
Very excited to have been awarded a @nuffieldfoundation.org research grant! At @le-education.bsky.social we'll be looking at how the cost and availability of childcare impacts where parents of young children move to/from and whether they choose to move at all.
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London Economics' Education and Labour Markets Team @le-education.bsky.social · 17/12/2024
Delighted to see the economic impact analysis of Waltham Forest College published today www.waltham.ac.uk/images/repor... On top of the massive learning impact of the College, we identified an economic impact of £304 million (and a benefit-to-cost ratio of 11.6).
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 13/12/2024
Great to see our @le-education.bsky.social childcare research cited by the Early Years Alliance, who highlight the significant increases in average early years fees paid for by parents: between 6.8% and 9.1% increases across age groups from 2023 to 2024. www.eyalliance.org.uk/news/2024/12...
eyalliance.org.uk
New DfE statistics highlight sharp rises in early years fees for parents
Average parent-paid fees for early years places increased steeply between 2023 and 2024, new statistics published today by the Department for Education (DfE) show.
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 12/12/2024
📥What were the key takeaways from our analysis of a survey of over 12,000 childcare providers published by the Department for Education today? (in partnership with IFF Research)⤵️
londoneconomics.co.uk
Analysis of the 2024 DfE Childcare and Early Years Providers Survey - London Economics
London Economics were commissioned by the Department for Education (DfE) to undertake a comprehensive review of the childcare sector, using information from the DfE’s 2024 Survey of Childcare and Earl...
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Nye Cominetti @nyecominetti.bsky.social · 10/12/2024
This 2020 report on time use by @georgebangham.bsky.social remains one of my favourite RF reports. How people spend their time feels like a private thing, so this takes you past the front door more than most research can. Couple of highlights ... www.resolutionfoundation.org/publications...
resolutionfoundation.org
The time of your life • Resolution Foundation
Few things in life are equal, but each day every one of us has 24 hours of time to use. How  time is best spent has been the subject of an active public debate in recent years, and this question has b...
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New Economics Foundation @neweconomics.bsky.social · 04/12/2024
🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿Excellent news coming out of Scotland, where the two-child benefit cap will be effectively abolished! The two-child limit not only keeps families in poverty but holds back people and places from achieving their economic potential. Time for the UK government to follow suit! 1/2
Screengrab from BBC live news blog reading: 15:28
Turning to the two-child benefits cap, Robison labels as a "pernicious" part of the UK welfare system which has caused "misery" for families in Scotland.

She says many have waited for the Labour government to abolish the cap.

Robison adds: "We've waited but Labour haven't delivered - this SNP government will.

"We will work as hard as possible in 2025 so we can start paying families as early as we can in 2026.

"Be in no doubt the cap will be scrapped. My challenge to Labour is to work with us."


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John Schmitt @jschmittwdc.bsky.social · 28/11/2024
Basically, US and UK firms that violate minimum wage laws face little probability of getting caught and pay only small fines when they do. Via @annastansbury.bsky.social in @ilrreview.bsky.social journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1...
INCENTIVES TO COMPLY WITH THE MINIMUM WAGE IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE UNITED KINGDOM 
ANNA STANSBURY
There is substantial evidence of minimum wage non-compliance in
the United States and the United Kingdom. In this article, the
author compiles new, comprehensive data on the costs that mini-
mum wage violators incur when non-compliance is detected. In
both countries, the costs violators face are often little more than the
money they saved by underpaying. To have an incentive to comply
under existing penalty regimes, typical US firms would thus have to
expect a 47% to 83% probability of detection by the Department of
Labor (DOL), or a 25% probability of a successful Fair Labor
Standards Act (FLSA) suit. In the United Kingdom, typical firms
would have to expect a 44% to 56% probability of detection. Actual
probabilities of detection are substantially lower than this for many
firms and would likely remain so even with realistic increases in
enforcement capacity. Improved enforcement alone is thus insuffi-
cient: Expected penalties must also substantially increase to ensure
that most firms have an incentive to comply.
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 28/11/2024
With 1️⃣📉 a 31% drop in childminders between 2018-2023 and 2️⃣📈 an unprecedented £4bn planned increase in annual childcare entitlement spending, it's crucial to understand the financial health of the sector and the cost of childcare.⤵️ londoneconomics.co.uk/blog/publica... @le-education.bsky.social
londoneconomics.co.uk
2023 Childcare Providers’ Finances Report - London Economics
London Economics were commissioned by the Department for Education (DfE) to investigate the state of childcare providers’ finances and the cost of childcare to parents, using information from the 2023...
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 28/11/2024
▶️NEW: Excited to see our paper investigating childcare costs and the financial health of the childcare sector published by the Department for Education today. 📄Read summary/full report here: assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/673b14... ⏩@le-education.bsky.social for more childcare analysis.
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Catherine Rampell @crampell.bsky.social · 19/11/2024
Cost of child care for one child can be more than rent in some US counties blog.dol.gov/2024/11/19/n...
blog.dol.gov
NEW DATA: Childcare costs remain an almost prohibitive expense
We updated our National Database of Childcare Prices with data from 2019-2022 and found that U.S. families spend between 8.9% and 16.0% of their median income on full-day care for just one child.
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Su-Min Lee @su-min-lee.bsky.social · 22/11/2024
How does public transport impact parents' access to childcare? Inequalities between parents who do and don't drive hugely vary across the country. #childcare #policy #education #economics
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