Fungal fermentation offers a promising approach for the development of engineered living materials (ELMs). The design of the substrate materials to support and enhance fungal growth in both 2D and 3D ...

Understanding nanoscale crack mechanisms in polymers is important for predicting their macroscopic properties. However, high localized stress near the crack tip introduces nonlinear and time-dependent...

Via mechanisms not accessible at equilibrium, self-propelled particles can form phases with positional order, such as crystals, and with orientational order, such as polar flocks. However, the interpl...

Molecular interaction with micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) is an important chemical process that dictates the fate and transport of organic contaminants, and that of MNPs, within the aquatic environme...

The past decade has seen unprecedented growth in active matter and autonomous biomaterials research, yielding diverse classes of materials capable of flowing, contracting, bundling, de-mixing, and coa...

The ability to convert chemical energy into directed motion is a defining feature of living systems and a central goal in the design of synthetic active matter. Here, we report a self-propelling syste...