Spontaneous brain activity is experimentally unconstrained. Embracing this freedom unlocks rich opportunities beyond task-based and naturalistic paradigms, the traditional Herculean pillars of constra...

Nature Reviews Neuroscience - In this Journal Club, Guilhem Ibos reflects on a 2011 study linking the neurophysiology of attention with the neuromodulation of cognitive functions.

Despite rapid exploitation of the opportunities that contextualization of brain maps affords, potential limitations have received little attention. In this Roadmap, Royer et al. provide practical guid...

Appeals to representation are widespread, despite neuroscientists’ uncertainty about what kind of findings count as evidence for such claims. In this Perspective, Pohl and colleagues develop a unified...

Both localized and distributed views on the functional organization of the brain have been put forward. In this Perspective, Rosen and Freedman examine the degree to which these two views account for ...

Artificial intelligence is rapidly advancing our mechanistic understanding of the shared structure between the brain and higher-order behaviours. In this Review, Mathis and Mathis synthesize state-of-...

Nature Reviews Neuroscience - In this Journal Club, Fanny Cazettes highlights a 2013 paper that demonstrated the importance of mixed selectivity for cortical computations.

Understanding how the brain represents experienced time and how representations of space and time are integrated to form episodic memories has been a goal of much neuroscientific research. In this Per...

Nature Reviews Neuroscience - Recent studies have shed further light on the evolutionary origins of chemical synapses, In this Review, Colgren and Burkhardt explore how ancient proteins were...

The scientific enterprise depends on attracting and retaining the very best talent, yet barriers persist that perpetuate inequities in the scientific workforce. Here I discuss the efforts of the ALBA ...

Nature Reviews Neuroscience - As a group, our scientific community has a responsibility to unpack the ‘what’ and ‘why’ behind our work for the public, not least because much...

In this Journal Club, Benjamin Cowley discusses a 2009 tour-de-force that provided a recipe for constructing closed-loop algorithms by letting predictive models speak for themselves.

Neuroscience has inspired artificial intelligence (AI) for decades but, in recent years, AI tools have begun to revolutionize neuroscience research. The emerging field of NeuroAI has the potential to ...

Nature Reviews Neuroscience - The goal of theoretical neuroscience is to uncover principles of neural computation through careful design and interpretation of mathematical models. Here, I examine...

As scientists, we want solid answers, but we also want to answer questions that matter. Yet, the brain’s complexity forces trade-offs between these desiderata, bringing about two distinct research app...

Nature Reviews Neuroscience - In this Journal Club, Mariam Aly discusses a 2000 study that attempted to settle the debate about whether implicit memories are lost or retained in amnesia.

Adverse experiences in early life affect brain development across species. In this Review, Nelson, Sullivan and Valdes discuss neuroimaging evidence for how these adversity-induced changes to human br...

Nature Reviews Neuroscience - In this Journal Club, Juan Gallego discusses a 2014 article that provided a first causal hint that neural manifolds may not only be a convenient way to interpret...

Identifying the psychological and neurobiological processes underpinning intra-individual variations in choice behaviour presents a formidable challenge. In this Review, Duffy et al. discuss how algor...

Midbrain dopamine neurons are widely assumed to signal a unidimensional value-based prediction error. In this Perspective, Kahnt and Schoenbaum overview accumulating evidence that challenges this assu...

A computational account of how schemas are learned through experience is lacking. In this Perspective, Bein and Niv synthesize schema theory and reinforcement learning research to derive computational...

Many brain areas support complex language processing behaviours. In this Review, Fedorenko et al. disentangle the ‘core’ language system as functionally distinct from the perceptual and motor brain ar...

How the brain routinely processes information from different sensory modalities during everyday tasks is not well understood. In this Perspective, Engel and Senkowski propose how oscillatory neural me...

The influence anatomy exerts on communication between brain regions remains unclear. In this Review, Greaves et al. synthesize how methods of structural connectivity integration constrain inference-ba...