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John Hawks

@johnhawks.net
5.4K followers 166 following 969 posts

Paleoanthropologist | Chair and Professor of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin–Madison 🧪🏺💀https://www.johnhawks.net

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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 27/09/2026
Vanguard Cave, Gibraltar, is known today for Neanderthal behavioral evidence, including a remarkable controlled hearth for production of pitch from gum rockrose. In 2021, the team discovered a chamber sealed for more than 40,000 years, results to come! www.johnhawks.net/p/a-visit-to...
johnhawks.net
A visit to Vanguard Cave, a Neanderthal workshop
The site has seen remarkable discoveries over 30 years, and excavations have opened a new unexplored chamber.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 22/09/2026
In chimpanzees, cannibalism has been observed after infanticide but not to my knowledge of infants that died of disease or other causes. Anything for early hominins would be speculative but worth modeling and thinking about.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 22/09/2026
That's a good point, also some authors may be holding out for "Homo longi"
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 22/09/2026
Poor scholarship? In Nature?!
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 22/09/2026
Probably text written before Penghu work was published, and not revised before publication
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 22/09/2026
Hmm, I did write about this research earlier this year. Is there a new question about it? www.johnhawks.net/p/rethinking...
johnhawks.net
Rethinking Homo erectus and Denisovans with ancient proteins
Mixture demonstrated for old fossil teeth hints that anthropologists may have mixed ideas.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 21/09/2026
From 50-year behavioral archives at Gombe to multi-site studies across Africa, primatologists are uncovering how maternal attachment, social risk, and cognitive awareness shape responses to loss in wild populations. www.johnhawks.net/p/grieving-f...
johnhawks.net
Grieving for infants by primate and hominin mothers
Studies of nonhuman primates have documented days up to months of carrying infants after death.
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Dan Goodman @neural-reckoning.org · 20/09/2026
Rather than filtering based on an overstretched handful of editors and peer reviewers who cannot possibly have the time to get deep enough into every paper to know if it is actually helpful in terms of generating new understanding of the works, we need a post publication collaborative approach.
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Kaedan O'Brien, Ph.D. @deadbovids.bsky.social · 18/09/2026
10,000 year old Warthog molar from Kenya for #FossilFriday
Tooth made of pillars of enamel
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 12/09/2026
This is an interesting one, out of date, but does not rely on arrows, just depicts population density spread. youtu.be/gitZRP9eMy4?...
youtu.be
Predicted spread of humans around the world | Science News
YouTube video by Science News
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Michael Haslam @twigtechnology.bsky.social · 11/09/2026
What would a stone tool look like after it was used to scrape/shape a lot of bamboo? A lot like this one in the new Bianfu Cave Denisovan report. Basing this on my work replicating the uses of Homo floresiensis (hobbit) tools from Liang Bua, after I found bamboo fibres on them in a residue study 🏺🧪
Photo of a greyish stone tool, less than 5cm long according to the scale beside it. It is shown from three angles that reveal a steep edged concavity along one side. The image is from a paper in Nature titled ‘Denisovans from southwestern China and their subsistence strategies’.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 09/09/2026
Always happy to add new Denisovans. This is quite a record now from ancient proteins, five sites that span a geographic area encompassing all of China. These people had remarkable stories we are starting to understand how to tell. www.johnhawks.net/p/new-deniso...
johnhawks.net
New Denisovans from China’s southwest
The site of Bianfu Cave provides evidence that this group spanned all of China during the later Middle Pleistocene.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 08/09/2026
Just confirmed links in reference list of article do work
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 08/09/2026
But in 40,000 years they’ll be totally unique!
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 06/09/2026
This is a great story
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 26/08/2026
Great question! Several possibilities. Karyotype change is not automatic sterility, interbreeding may continue for a long time. Or the fusion may just be older; it has large estimation error. Or the pop A bottleneck may actually be the time of fusion, followed long after by hybridization
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 25/08/2026
“In broad strokes, the modern human population evolved from a merger of two ancient groups around 300,000 years ago, roughly 80% from one, and 20% from the other. The uniformity of this signal in all living populations suggests that it was a true formative event.” www.johnhawks.net/p/modern-hum...
johnhawks.net
Modern humans evolved from an 80-20 mixture of two deep streams
Genome models are converging on a scenario in which two stem lineages separated 1.5 million years ago, and merged together 300,000 years ago.
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anthrofuentes.bsky.social @anthrofuentes.bsky.social · 24/08/2026
"Anthropology Needs to Be in Better Conversations with the World" from Devi Snively, Laura McLauchlan, and me as part of the awesome @wennergrenorg.bsky.social "On The Futre of Public Anthropology" wennergren.org/forum/public...
wennergren.org
On the Future of Public Anthropology
Anthropologists from around the world contribute to a discussion of what public anthropology will be in the years to come.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 25/08/2026
Appreciate your attention, thank you!
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McNulty Lab @mcnultylab.bsky.social · 21/08/2026
An oldie but goody for #fossilfriday, KMN-ER 406. This skull of Paranthropus boisei is one of my all-time favorites! It's one solid mass: dense and heavy. Now curated beautifully by Tom Mukhuyu at National Museums of Kenya.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 21/08/2026
Can’t hit “like” on this but feel your situation for all our students
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 20/08/2026
I wrote about the impending end of U.S. federal funding for archaeology and anthropology in April. August numbers (reported in Nature www.nature.com/articles/d41...) show that no new grants have been awarded this year. www.johnhawks.net/p/us-federal...
johnhawks.net
U.S. federal support for human origins research may be over
The field is generating more new discoveries than ever, but significant setbacks for students and many researchers.
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Patrick Randolph-Quinney @kabweprq.bsky.social · 14/08/2026
Lovely write up on Visby 1361 project as presented at #PPA2026 from @killgrove.bsky.social. This is serious archaeological science with an amazing team all working in a transdisciplinary way. Huge shout out to @uucampusgotland.bsky.social MA student Ronja Bågling who kicked off the entire project...
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 09/08/2026
These were collected by “a local artist” but not clear what connection this person has to fishing boats or what criteria applied to selecting fossils (or indeed whether the collection itself was for commercial purposes)
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 09/08/2026
“Trawling ‘is like using a lawnmower to chop down everything in sight,’ writes Max Valentine, a senior scientist and campaign director of illegal fishing and transparency at Oceana, in an email. ‘It also bulldozes the homes of other marine life.’” www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/...
nationalgeographic.com
Fish flee for their lives in rare, chilling video of bottom trawling
The never-before-seen footage of sea creatures struggling in fishing nets is featured in National Geographic’s new documentary Ocean with David Attenborough.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 08/08/2026
Two new Denisovan fossils have emerged from the seafloor of the Penghu Strait, near Taiwan. I look at what these tell us about the survival of Denisovans into the time frame of the “classic” Neanderthals. www.johnhawks.net/p/legs-of-th...
johnhawks.net
Legs of the last Denisovans
Two bones from the floor of the Penghu Strait reveal some of the latest evidence of Denisovan survival.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 08/08/2026
“I did address in this post on the fusion of chromosome 2: Introgression and gene flow often happens despite differences in karyotype.” www.johnhawks.net/p/when-did-h...
johnhawks.net
When did human chromosome 2 fuse?
More and more, it looks like this event happened shortly before a million years ago, in the common ancestors of Neandertal, Denisovan, and African ancestral humans.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 08/08/2026
Had a great email question on superarchaic gene flow this morning and the possible implications of human chromosome fusion. I did address in this post on the fusion of chromosome 2: Introgression and gene flow often happens despite differences in karyotype. www.johnhawks.net/p/when-did-h...
johnhawks.net
When did human chromosome 2 fuse?
More and more, it looks like this event happened shortly before a million years ago, in the common ancestors of Neandertal, Denisovan, and African ancestral humans.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 06/08/2026
“An average effect size of 285 grams per copy means that around 200,000 metric tons of human muscle can be attributed to this Neanderthal inheritance. That’s two aircraft carriers worth of mass.” www.johnhawks.net/p/how-neande...
johnhawks.net
How Neanderthal ancestry affects growth and muscle
Study of a Neanderthal-derived haplotype of GHR show effects on height and lean body mass
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 03/08/2026
One of the topics my student Connor Fogo is working on. Some, not clear how much, of these South African samples is likely sediba, too.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 02/08/2026
The story of “The petite bodies of the robust australopithecines” is changing in light of the last 15 years of evidence, and footprints are leading the way. www.johnhawks.net/p/the-big-fe...
johnhawks.net
The big feet of Paranthropus boisei
New analysis of footprint trackways suggest a larger body size than previously thought for this Early Pleistocene human relative.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 30/07/2026
Interesting twist in a new paper: Introgression deserts aren't actually deserted. “Our findings suggest that ghost ancestry is often present in previously defined archaic deserts, providing additional context to putative Homo sapiens–specific selection.” www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...
science.org
Recovering signatures of archaic hominin introgression using ancestral recombination graphs
Admixture between modern humans and extinct hominins has shaped the genomes of present-day individuals, but reconstructing this history has been constrained by the scarcity of archaic samples and unad...
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 27/07/2026
I'd be happy to connect via Zoom if that would be useful, just email
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 18/07/2026
Great question! The authors mention a case of a museum gorilla where decaying skin infested with carrion-eating insects may have cross contaminated the calculus.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 18/07/2026
I’m fascinated today reading a recent article about insect-eating and ancient dental calculus. In brief, Neanderthals have as much insect DNA in their dental calculus as western chimpanzees, while ancient European modern people have a lot less. www.johnhawks.net/p/traces-of-...
johnhawks.net
Traces of insect DNA in dental calculus may reveal bug-eating past
A study finds that Neanderthals had comparable insect trace evidence as gorillas and western chimpanzees.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 10/07/2026
The face-stabbing community was old, but the leopards-eating-faces community still older
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 05/07/2026
Just reading this article and realizing it's ten years and nothing has changed. www.nature.com/articles/537...
nature.com
Print your own 3D Lucy to work out how the famous hominin died - Nature
Digital scans will help researchers test whether she fell out of a tree.
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Zach Cofran @dizachster.bsky.social · 02/07/2026
Open access opens the skull of Homo naledi lawnchairanthropology.com/2026/07/02/o...
lawnchairanthropology.com
Open access opens the skull of Homo naledi
Open access article and data provide new evidence about the brain of Homo naledi.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 27/06/2026
There are some mammal lineages with complex histories of gene conversion between these genes, and these seem to indicate a dynamic where AMELY-AMELX both matter. Its conservation across most mammals, all primates, and all human populations suggests purifying selection rather than pure drift.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 25/06/2026
Great questions! A number of things in the works and always looking for good ideas. Concur on AMELY; the combined probability is a lot lower and DNA would obviously rule out; more significant Y deletions even rarer but also much harder to ascertain in low-coverage aDNA.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 24/06/2026
The funniest thing to me is that nobody knows when hominins lost the baculum, and I've spent a lot of time carefully examining odd bone fragments thinking that I had a better chance of finding one from Rising Star than anyone's ever had anywhere else.
Four people looking into a crate with a standing very male-looking sculpture of Homo naledi, by the artist Elisabeth Daynès
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 24/06/2026
The first molecular evidence of Homo naledi from at least 20 individuals shows that none are male. I've taken a deep dive into how the paleoproteomics works, what it says about naledi relationships, and why this result is less surprising than it sounds. www.johnhawks.net/p/the-first-...
johnhawks.net
The first molecular data from Homo naledi
Protein data from the Rising Star cave system show the known sample of this species is entirely female.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 24/06/2026
Yes, it's a great confirmation that H. naledi is indeed an outgroup to the modern-Neanderthal-Denisovan group. As I understand it, this position has not been recovered yet from H. antecessor or H. erectus which would be very informative. I think it also weighs slightly against naledi introgression.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 24/06/2026
TBF many have written extensively about male bias in Neanderthal burials, and I’ve written a good bit about male bias in Denisovan record
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 24/06/2026
The shared variant with Paranthropus is ancestral, not informative about relationship
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Zach Cofran @dizachster.bsky.social · 23/06/2026
Nice summary of our recent paper on the brain of Homo naledi www.iflscience.com/homo-naledis...
iflscience.com
Did This Small-Brained Hominin Have The Neural Wiring For Burying Its Dead?
A reconstruction of the hominin's skull reveals an enlarged region linked to language and tool use, though what that means for its alleged funerary practices remains an open question.
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Brendan Barrett @bjjbarrett.bsky.social · 23/06/2026
excited about this one: using longitudinal movement data and dyadic models, we show that orangutan moms adjust their ranging patterns so their kids can play with age-mates independent of kinship, at personal costs. www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...
Mothers with similarly aged offspring share more space, and their offspring play more.
Posterior effect sizes from social relations models (SRMs) of (a, b) infant-infant play scans (n = 996
infant-dyad-years across 79 mother dyads) and (c) mother-mother home-range overlap (Bhattacharyya coefficient; n
= 282 mother-dyad years across 71 mother dyads). Panel (a) shows the hurdle component (probability of play
occurrence), sign-flipped so positive values indicate higher probability of play occurrence; panel (b) shows the count
component (play frequency). Points and thick and thin lines show posterior medians with 66% and 89% credible
intervals, respectively. (d) Counterfactual home-range overlap for each dyad when offspring are the same age versus
6 years apart. Points show posterior medians across all mother-mother dyads (one horizontal bar per dyad);
background densities show population-level predictions. (e) Offspring age-difference effect on home-range overlap
versus intersection area. (f) Posterior difference between the two effects (BC overlap minus intersection area).
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 19/06/2026
It's a tough question: How many groups of Denisovans were there, and which were ancestors of living people? Recent studies had me thinking we might be approaching an answer, but after looking at the details I'm not so sure. www.johnhawks.net/p/how-many-d...
johnhawks.net
How many Denisovan ancestors?
New studies magnify the observation that three groups of Denisovans may have contributed to many living people's genomes, but I find some unanswered questions.
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Zach Cofran @dizachster.bsky.social · 18/06/2026
What does the most complete endocast of Homo naledi tell us about the brain and behavior of this most unexpected, recently extinct human species? #FossilFriday link.springer.com/article/10.1...
A human skull Xray with the brain area highlighted, facing a transparent skull of Homo naledi with its brain area highlighted. Both are against a black background and at the bottom is a scale bar depicting 100 mm.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 14/06/2026
Thank you for following up this one issue from the report in such a beautifully expressive way
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