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John Hawks

@johnhawks.net
5.4K followers 166 following 969 posts

Paleoanthropologist | Chair and Professor of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin–Madison 🧪🏺💀https://www.johnhawks.net

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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 27/09/2026
Vanguard Cave, Gibraltar, is known today for Neanderthal behavioral evidence, including a remarkable controlled hearth for production of pitch from gum rockrose. In 2021, the team discovered a chamber sealed for more than 40,000 years, results to come! www.johnhawks.net/p/a-visit-to...
johnhawks.net
A visit to Vanguard Cave, a Neanderthal workshop
The site has seen remarkable discoveries over 30 years, and excavations have opened a new unexplored chamber.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 21/09/2026
From 50-year behavioral archives at Gombe to multi-site studies across Africa, primatologists are uncovering how maternal attachment, social risk, and cognitive awareness shape responses to loss in wild populations. www.johnhawks.net/p/grieving-f...
johnhawks.net
Grieving for infants by primate and hominin mothers
Studies of nonhuman primates have documented days up to months of carrying infants after death.
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Dan Goodman @neural-reckoning.org · 20/09/2026
Rather than filtering based on an overstretched handful of editors and peer reviewers who cannot possibly have the time to get deep enough into every paper to know if it is actually helpful in terms of generating new understanding of the works, we need a post publication collaborative approach.
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Kaedan O'Brien, Ph.D. @deadbovids.bsky.social · 18/09/2026
10,000 year old Warthog molar from Kenya for #FossilFriday
Tooth made of pillars of enamel
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Michael Haslam @twigtechnology.bsky.social · 11/09/2026
What would a stone tool look like after it was used to scrape/shape a lot of bamboo? A lot like this one in the new Bianfu Cave Denisovan report. Basing this on my work replicating the uses of Homo floresiensis (hobbit) tools from Liang Bua, after I found bamboo fibres on them in a residue study 🏺🧪
Photo of a greyish stone tool, less than 5cm long according to the scale beside it. It is shown from three angles that reveal a steep edged concavity along one side. The image is from a paper in Nature titled ‘Denisovans from southwestern China and their subsistence strategies’.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 09/09/2026
Always happy to add new Denisovans. This is quite a record now from ancient proteins, five sites that span a geographic area encompassing all of China. These people had remarkable stories we are starting to understand how to tell. www.johnhawks.net/p/new-deniso...
johnhawks.net
New Denisovans from China’s southwest
The site of Bianfu Cave provides evidence that this group spanned all of China during the later Middle Pleistocene.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 25/08/2026
“In broad strokes, the modern human population evolved from a merger of two ancient groups around 300,000 years ago, roughly 80% from one, and 20% from the other. The uniformity of this signal in all living populations suggests that it was a true formative event.” www.johnhawks.net/p/modern-hum...
johnhawks.net
Modern humans evolved from an 80-20 mixture of two deep streams
Genome models are converging on a scenario in which two stem lineages separated 1.5 million years ago, and merged together 300,000 years ago.
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anthrofuentes.bsky.social @anthrofuentes.bsky.social · 24/08/2026
"Anthropology Needs to Be in Better Conversations with the World" from Devi Snively, Laura McLauchlan, and me as part of the awesome @wennergrenorg.bsky.social "On The Futre of Public Anthropology" wennergren.org/forum/public...
wennergren.org
On the Future of Public Anthropology
Anthropologists from around the world contribute to a discussion of what public anthropology will be in the years to come.
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McNulty Lab @mcnultylab.bsky.social · 21/08/2026
An oldie but goody for #fossilfriday, KMN-ER 406. This skull of Paranthropus boisei is one of my all-time favorites! It's one solid mass: dense and heavy. Now curated beautifully by Tom Mukhuyu at National Museums of Kenya.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 20/08/2026
I wrote about the impending end of U.S. federal funding for archaeology and anthropology in April. August numbers (reported in Nature www.nature.com/articles/d41...) show that no new grants have been awarded this year. www.johnhawks.net/p/us-federal...
johnhawks.net
U.S. federal support for human origins research may be over
The field is generating more new discoveries than ever, but significant setbacks for students and many researchers.
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Patrick Randolph-Quinney @kabweprq.bsky.social · 14/08/2026
Lovely write up on Visby 1361 project as presented at #PPA2026 from @killgrove.bsky.social. This is serious archaeological science with an amazing team all working in a transdisciplinary way. Huge shout out to @uucampusgotland.bsky.social MA student Ronja Bågling who kicked off the entire project...
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 08/08/2026
Two new Denisovan fossils have emerged from the seafloor of the Penghu Strait, near Taiwan. I look at what these tell us about the survival of Denisovans into the time frame of the “classic” Neanderthals. www.johnhawks.net/p/legs-of-th...
johnhawks.net
Legs of the last Denisovans
Two bones from the floor of the Penghu Strait reveal some of the latest evidence of Denisovan survival.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 08/08/2026
Had a great email question on superarchaic gene flow this morning and the possible implications of human chromosome fusion. I did address in this post on the fusion of chromosome 2: Introgression and gene flow often happens despite differences in karyotype. www.johnhawks.net/p/when-did-h...
johnhawks.net
When did human chromosome 2 fuse?
More and more, it looks like this event happened shortly before a million years ago, in the common ancestors of Neandertal, Denisovan, and African ancestral humans.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 06/08/2026
“An average effect size of 285 grams per copy means that around 200,000 metric tons of human muscle can be attributed to this Neanderthal inheritance. That’s two aircraft carriers worth of mass.” www.johnhawks.net/p/how-neande...
johnhawks.net
How Neanderthal ancestry affects growth and muscle
Study of a Neanderthal-derived haplotype of GHR show effects on height and lean body mass
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 02/08/2026
The story of “The petite bodies of the robust australopithecines” is changing in light of the last 15 years of evidence, and footprints are leading the way. www.johnhawks.net/p/the-big-fe...
johnhawks.net
The big feet of Paranthropus boisei
New analysis of footprint trackways suggest a larger body size than previously thought for this Early Pleistocene human relative.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 30/07/2026
Interesting twist in a new paper: Introgression deserts aren't actually deserted. “Our findings suggest that ghost ancestry is often present in previously defined archaic deserts, providing additional context to putative Homo sapiens–specific selection.” www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...
science.org
Recovering signatures of archaic hominin introgression using ancestral recombination graphs
Admixture between modern humans and extinct hominins has shaped the genomes of present-day individuals, but reconstructing this history has been constrained by the scarcity of archaic samples and unad...
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 18/07/2026
I’m fascinated today reading a recent article about insect-eating and ancient dental calculus. In brief, Neanderthals have as much insect DNA in their dental calculus as western chimpanzees, while ancient European modern people have a lot less. www.johnhawks.net/p/traces-of-...
johnhawks.net
Traces of insect DNA in dental calculus may reveal bug-eating past
A study finds that Neanderthals had comparable insect trace evidence as gorillas and western chimpanzees.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 10/07/2026
The face-stabbing community was old, but the leopards-eating-faces community still older
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 05/07/2026
Just reading this article and realizing it's ten years and nothing has changed. www.nature.com/articles/537...
nature.com
Print your own 3D Lucy to work out how the famous hominin died - Nature
Digital scans will help researchers test whether she fell out of a tree.
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Zach Cofran @dizachster.bsky.social · 02/07/2026
Open access opens the skull of Homo naledi lawnchairanthropology.com/2026/07/02/o...
lawnchairanthropology.com
Open access opens the skull of Homo naledi
Open access article and data provide new evidence about the brain of Homo naledi.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 24/06/2026
The funniest thing to me is that nobody knows when hominins lost the baculum, and I've spent a lot of time carefully examining odd bone fragments thinking that I had a better chance of finding one from Rising Star than anyone's ever had anywhere else.
Four people looking into a crate with a standing very male-looking sculpture of Homo naledi, by the artist Elisabeth Daynès
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 24/06/2026
The first molecular evidence of Homo naledi from at least 20 individuals shows that none are male. I've taken a deep dive into how the paleoproteomics works, what it says about naledi relationships, and why this result is less surprising than it sounds. www.johnhawks.net/p/the-first-...
johnhawks.net
The first molecular data from Homo naledi
Protein data from the Rising Star cave system show the known sample of this species is entirely female.
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Zach Cofran @dizachster.bsky.social · 23/06/2026
Nice summary of our recent paper on the brain of Homo naledi www.iflscience.com/homo-naledis...
iflscience.com
Did This Small-Brained Hominin Have The Neural Wiring For Burying Its Dead?
A reconstruction of the hominin's skull reveals an enlarged region linked to language and tool use, though what that means for its alleged funerary practices remains an open question.
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Brendan Barrett @bjjbarrett.bsky.social · 23/06/2026
excited about this one: using longitudinal movement data and dyadic models, we show that orangutan moms adjust their ranging patterns so their kids can play with age-mates independent of kinship, at personal costs. www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...
Mothers with similarly aged offspring share more space, and their offspring play more.
Posterior effect sizes from social relations models (SRMs) of (a, b) infant-infant play scans (n = 996
infant-dyad-years across 79 mother dyads) and (c) mother-mother home-range overlap (Bhattacharyya coefficient; n
= 282 mother-dyad years across 71 mother dyads). Panel (a) shows the hurdle component (probability of play
occurrence), sign-flipped so positive values indicate higher probability of play occurrence; panel (b) shows the count
component (play frequency). Points and thick and thin lines show posterior medians with 66% and 89% credible
intervals, respectively. (d) Counterfactual home-range overlap for each dyad when offspring are the same age versus
6 years apart. Points show posterior medians across all mother-mother dyads (one horizontal bar per dyad);
background densities show population-level predictions. (e) Offspring age-difference effect on home-range overlap
versus intersection area. (f) Posterior difference between the two effects (BC overlap minus intersection area).
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 19/06/2026
It's a tough question: How many groups of Denisovans were there, and which were ancestors of living people? Recent studies had me thinking we might be approaching an answer, but after looking at the details I'm not so sure. www.johnhawks.net/p/how-many-d...
johnhawks.net
How many Denisovan ancestors?
New studies magnify the observation that three groups of Denisovans may have contributed to many living people's genomes, but I find some unanswered questions.
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Zach Cofran @dizachster.bsky.social · 18/06/2026
What does the most complete endocast of Homo naledi tell us about the brain and behavior of this most unexpected, recently extinct human species? #FossilFriday link.springer.com/article/10.1...
A human skull Xray with the brain area highlighted, facing a transparent skull of Homo naledi with its brain area highlighted. Both are against a black background and at the bottom is a scale bar depicting 100 mm.
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Rosemary Joyce @rajoyce.bsky.social · 13/06/2026
8/ we have objectively, empirically *improved knowledge* in a very anthropological way: by showing that reductionism misdescribes reality. That, I think, is what makes these critics uncomfortable; they like certainty and universal dicta, and anthropology says “it depends”.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 12/06/2026
It is a very challenging position that @neilshubin.bsky.social walks into as leader of @nasonline.org with partisan division over many areas of scientific work. Illuminating interview with @carlzimmer.com as he takes office. www.nytimes.com/2026/06/12/s...
nytimes.com
Neil Shubin on Trusted Science in a ‘Deeply Partisan Age’
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Fernando Villanea @fervillanea.bsky.social · 11/06/2026
Academia is not a zero-sum game. You can do rigorous scientific work AND care about the problems of other people. Wild, I know. Not that I expect the authors of the vanderbilt report to have ever helped anyone with their scholarship.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 09/06/2026
This is really the frontier of anthropology and genetics in my opinion. Culture is to humans as water is to fish; essential, in contact with our every surface, so that it becomes unnoticed until it suddenly changes. www.johnhawks.net/p/how-human-...
Quote with text: Studies of selection in humans across the last 10,000 years have often avoided grappling with the most interesting thing about humans. Humans are not passive actors responding to external changes in environment. Much of the pattern of recent selection happened within environments that people created themselves.
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The Bi of Hormuz @joshstein.bsky.social · 06/06/2026
In response to the report, I want to make an observation followed by an argument. My observation is this: The contents of this report are totally disconnected from the scholarship they're talking about. These authors didn't engage in good faith with the fields they're discussing.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 06/06/2026
Almost every time we look at the DNA from ancient creatures, we find signs that their evolution involved surprising mixtures. New work on cave lions finds they’re not as different as long thought. www.johnhawks.net/p/the-ancien...
johnhawks.net
The ancient mixture in cave lion genomes
Introgression is widespread among lineages of big cats. Our ancestors encountered one of the biggest products.
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Mieke Roth 🟥 @miekeroth.com · 04/06/2026
Today an illustration I made end 2007 for a story about the devastating effect ebola had on the gorilla population in a Dutch scientific magazine. It turned out to be my last real pen and ink illustration. I love this illustration and it hangs in my living room. The magazine doesn’t exist anymore 🧪
A pen and ink portrait of a young adult gorilla man. Not yet a silverback, but impressive nonetheless. The original illustration is made on A3 format.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 03/06/2026
I’d hammer with enamel… all over this land
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Ammie Kalan @ammiekalan.bsky.social · 02/06/2026
theconversation.com/why-do-male-... Here's a summary of our recent field work studying the accumulative stone throwing behavior of chimpanzees. Thanks to @sshrc-crsh.canada.ca for funding this research!
theconversation.com
Why do male chimpanzees throw rocks at the same trees for more than a decade? We travelled to remote Guinea-Bissau to find out
To study accumulative stone throwing among wild chimpanzees, researchers hike deep into the savanna-woodland of Boé — a habitat increasingly threatened by industrial mining.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 16/05/2026
Next week Sunday May 24, I'll be in Kraków, Poland at the 2026 Copernicus Festival. I'll be talking about "A new history of Homo sapiens", deep time Africa and the intricate history of mixture underlying humanity's origin. Free and open to the public! copernicusfestival.com/events/nowa-...
copernicusfestival.com
Nowa historia Homo sapiens - Copernicus Festival
Ludzkość ma afrykańskie pochodzenie. Najnowsze odkrycia oparte na analizach DNA pokazują, że współcześni ludzie krzyżowali się z neandertalczykami i
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 15/05/2026
I feel a little heretical in saying that the headlines may say Homo erectus, but the Denisovan connection is pointing me a different direction. The connections over time within China are an old topic, and protein data has made them resurface again. www.johnhawks.net/p/rethinking...
johnhawks.net
Rethinking Homo erectus and Denisovans with ancient proteins
Mixture demonstrated for old fossil teeth hints that anthropologists may have mixed ideas.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 14/05/2026
Really neat writeup by @carolynyjohnson.bsky.social of the new work showing that a Neanderthal from Chagyrskaya Cave, Russia, sat for a dental drilling almost 60,000 years ago. www.washingtonpost.com/science/2026...
washingtonpost.com
A 59,000-year-old tooth reshapes what we know about Neanderthal dentistry
Neanderthals used rock drills to treat an infected tooth, according to a study that pushes back the earliest known evidence of dentistry by more than 40,000 years.
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Simon Fisher @profsimonfisher.bsky.social · 13/05/2026
Nice explainer of the H. erectus protein study, by @killgrove.bsky.social, with helpful commentary from @johnhawks.net on complex overlaps of ancient human groups in Africa, Europe & Asia. “Scientists used to call it ‘the muddle in the Middle Pleistocene’; now we know that muddling is just mixing.”🧪
livescience.com
Homo erectus genetic material sequenced for the first time, and it shows 'deep genetic links' with modern humans
A new study of six Homo erectus individuals from China reveals one amino acid variant that distinguished this archaic human from all other human lineages and one that it passed on to modern humans via...
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 13/05/2026
So my read on this new proteomic work is that we don't know what Homo erectus is. I'll share more, but an early and good article is this one www.livescience.com/archaeology/...
livescience.com
Homo erectus genetic material sequenced for the first time, and it shows 'deep genetic links' with modern humans
A new study of six Homo erectus individuals from China reveals one amino acid variant that distinguished this archaic human from all other human lineages and one that it passed on to modern humans via...
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Graham Coop @gcbias.bsky.social · 12/05/2026
I think this is because Science is sadly no longer publishing technical responses to articles bsky.app/profile/wsde...
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 12/05/2026
Wow, this is maybe the first time I've seen academics use the "eLetters" section as if it weren't just blog comments. It only took two decades for post-publication review to get started. www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...
science.org
A mid-Holocene age for Monte Verde challenges the timeline of human colonization of South America
Our understanding of the timing of the human colonization of South America has been anchored by the Monte Verde II site in Chile, reported to date to ~14,500 years before the present (B.P.) and regard...
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Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra @jrossibarra.bsky.social · 12/05/2026
Love this quote: "We used to make fun of Edgar Anderson by saying that he was finding hybrids under every bush. Then we realized that even the bushes were hybrids." academic.oup.com/jeb/article/...
academic.oup.com
Hybridization and speciation*
Abstract. Hybridization has many and varied impacts on the process of speciation. Hybridization may slow or reverse differentiation by allowing gene flow a
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 10/05/2026
“Few archaeological sites have undergone such geological contortions. Its sediments may have formed in even, flat layers, but in a million-plus years the falling center of the Jordan Rift upended them, so that some tilt upwards almost vertically.” www.johnhawks.net/p/a-new-age-...
johnhawks.net
A new age for ‘Ubeidiya
The earliest Acheulean artifacts in Eurasia may be closely connected to their development in Africa.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 09/05/2026
A remarkable sequence of artifacts in layers upended by the Jordan Rift represent some of the oldest hominins in Eurasia. With a new estimate around 1.9 million years, the Acheulean artifacts from ‘Ubeidiya approach the earliest known in Africa. www.johnhawks.net/p/a-new-age-...
johnhawks.net
A new age for ‘Ubeidiya
The earliest Acheulean artifacts in Eurasia may be closely connected to their development in Africa.
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Annalee Newitz @annaleen.bsky.social · 26/04/2026
Half of the papers I read about ancient and medieval genomes: "And, SHOCKINGLY, it appears that people from different places and cultural origins were having children together." It's like we never stop being surprised by intermarriage and hybrid identities, despite millennia of examples.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 21/04/2026
In this piece I go into a 20-year history of looking at selection on human genes. It's a foundation for the recent work on ancient DNA showing fast evolutionary change. That's been a well-supported conclusion from anthropology for a very long time. www.johnhawks.net/p/how-human-...
johnhawks.net
How human evolution has been speeding up
Providing some of the missing background for new research on natural selection from ancient DNA
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T. Ryan Gregory 🇨🇦 @tryangregory.bsky.social · 16/04/2026
Was argued that this would be the case by @johnhawks.net and others 20 years ago. www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/...
pnas.org
Recent acceleration of human adaptive evolution | PNAS
Genomic surveys in humans identify a large amount of recent positive selection. Using the 3.9-million HapMap SNP dataset, we found that selection h...
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 12/04/2026
In 2015, the late Paola Villa and collaborators described a stone flake from Sibudu Cave, 49,000 years old, encrusted with an ancient paint made from powdered red ochre and milk from an antelope. They speculated the milk came from a kill of a lactating female. Image: Villa and coauthors
Two images. On left, a stone flake with an encrusted reddish-brown area on the right side of the surface we see. On right, a close-up image of some of the encrustation.
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John Hawks @johnhawks.net · 10/04/2026
The National Science Foundation has proposed eliminating the directorate that includes most of the federal funding for fieldwork and research in human origins. It's a sudden acceleration of a decades-long trend. I comment on what this means. www.johnhawks.net/p/us-federal...
johnhawks.net
U.S. federal support for human origins research may be over
The field is generating more new discoveries than ever, but significant setbacks for students and many researchers.
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