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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina

@eortizospina.bsky.social
4.8K followers 934 following 176 posts

Executive co-director @ourworldindata.org

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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 11/08/2026
Road deaths in the United States have fallen much more slowly than in other rich countries. Most high-income countries have reduced road deaths substantially over the past decades.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 14/07/2026
Electric cars are taking off quickly in Latin America— Five years ago, almost no one in Latin America bought an electric car. Today, the situation is different: electric cars now make up a meaningful and fast-growing share of new car sales.
Line chart of the share of new cars sold that are electric from 2010 to 2025 where there is a sharp rise after 2020 — the United States shows earlier growth and countries like Colombia, Brazil, Mexico, and Chile catch up by 2025, with shares rising from nearly 0% to around 10% for the leading countries. Data source: International Energy Agency, Global EV Outlook 2026. License: CC BY.
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 17/07/2026
I recently worked on a major update to our page on urbanization. It now includes dozens of new charts on where people live and how urbanization has changed around the world. I hope you’ll find it useful! ourworldindata.org/urbanization
ourworldindata.org
Urbanization
Around 80% of the world’s population lives in cities, towns, and suburbs rather than rural settlements. How has this changed, and what does urbanization look like across the world today?
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 26/05/2026
Has Our World in Data been useful to you? We’d love to hear about it! Tell us about it in our two-question survey: buff.ly/DGIp31Z
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 27/03/2026
We publish a lot at Our World in Data—new articles, data insights, updated charts. The OWID Brief keeps you on top of all our latest work. Plus, curated highlights from across our site, as well as what our team has been reading. 2x a month, right to your inbox. The latest edition just went out. 👇
Screenshot of OWID Brief newsletter
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 05/03/2026
Women in Spain, Italy, and Portugal marry on average six years later than just two decades ago— Marriage is closely linked to decisions about having children in many societies. It also matters for legal rights, family finances, and many other aspects of life.
Line chart showing the average age of women who got married for the first time each year, 2002 to 2020, for Spain, Italy, and Portugal. All three countries show a steady upward trend. Spain rises from about 28 in 2002 to about 35 in 2020 and is highest by 2020. Italy rises from about 28 in 2002 to about 33 in 2020. Portugal rises from about 25.5 in 2002 to about 32 in 2020, with a sharper increase after about 2010. Y axis spans roughly 18 to 36 and x axis covers years 2002 to 2020. Data source: OECD (2025). License: CC BY.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Bertha Rohenkohl @bertharohenkohl.bsky.social · 02/03/2026
✨ We have a whole new page on Work & Employment stats! ✨
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 02/03/2026
Being unemployed isn’t the same as not having a job — at least when it comes to labor statistics. The map shows unemployment rates around the world in 2025. Let’s see what this number captures — and what it doesn’t 🧵
World map showing the unemployment rate in 2025. The unemployment rate is the share of the labor force without work, but actively looking for a job and available to start soon. Figures are modeled estimates from the International Labour Organization in 2026, via the World Bank. The chart is licensed CC BY to Our World in Data.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Bastian Herre @bastianherre.bsky.social · 23/02/2026
✍️ New article: Tracking historical progress against slavery and forced labor: a long-run data view For much of history, forced labor was widespread and brutal. Tens of millions of people were made to work under the threat of violence or punishment. The situation today is very different.
Slavery and forced labor have become less common over the last 250 years.

Line chart of the number of countries that had not yet abolished large-scale forced labor.

In 1789, 165 of the 174 countries covered had not yet abolished large-scale forced labor. In 2024, it was 9 countries.

Annotations on important cases, such as China, the Soviet Union, and the United States, say more about the history of slavery and forced labor.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 07/02/2026
China’s adoption of industrial robots has surged over the past decade— Industrial robots are rapidly becoming a common part of manufacturing in some countries.
Annual industrial robots installed. Line chart showing annual installations for China, Japan, United States, South Korea, and Germany from 2011 to 2023. China starts near 23,000 in 2011, rises to about 57,000 by 2014, reaches roughly 150,000 by 2017 to 2018, then climbs sharply to about 260,000 in 2021 and peaks near 290,000 in 2022 before a small decline to around 275,000 in 2023, far above the other countries. Japan, the United States, South Korea, and Germany stay in the roughly 10,000 to 60,000 range across the period, with modest peaks around 2018. The y-axis spans 0 to 300,000. The data source is: International Federation of Robotics (IFR) via AI Index Report (2025). A note reads: Software (e.g., voice assistants), remote-controlled drones, self-driving cars, or devices such as “smart” washing machines are not classified as robots.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 15/01/2026
Many children who could benefit from oral rehydration therapy for diarrhea still don’t receive it— In 2021, around 1.25 million people died from diarrheal diseases. Around a third of these deaths were children.
Share of children with diarrhea receiving oral rehydration therapy. Horizontal bar chart showing percentage of children under five with diarrhea in the two weeks prior to the survey who received oral rehydration therapy (data for 2020 or most recent year). Values by country: Chad 17.4%; Cameroon 17.9%; Madagascar 19.6%; Central African Republic 23.4%; Senegal 26%; Rwanda 28%; Zimbabwe 32.8%; Sierra Leone 85.3%. Key point: Sierra Leone's share is much higher than the others, which cluster around 17 to 33 percent. Data source: Demographic and Health Surveys via World Bank (2025). License: CC BY.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Michael Clemens @mclem.org · 18/12/2025
The International Monetary Fund asked me to review the literature on migration economics to draw lessons for low-income countries. In a new @iza.org paper, I argue that policy for the 21st century must discard four outdated ideas. www.iza.org/publications... 🧵 thread—>
1. Less skilled labor is abundant.
2. Skilled emigration is a brain drain.
3. Development substitutes for migration.
4. Migration substitutes for failing development, but doesn't cause development.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 05/12/2025
We just published our “Top of the Charts”, a look at our most popular charts, articles, data insights & more in 2025! (link in 🧵) Here are our top 5 most-viewed charts. Each Friday over the next few weeks, we’ll share the top 5 for other categories (articles, etc.). Stay tuned! 1. CO2 emissions
A line chart showing annual CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and industry (not land use) for several countries from 1750 to 2024. Data from the Global Carbon Budget (2025)
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 28/11/2025
In The OWID Brief newsletter, we have a section where our team writes about interesting things we've been reading lately. In today's edition, we wrote about articles in Transformer and VoxDev: www.transformernews.ai/p/claude-son... voxdev.org/topic/trade/...
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 03/11/2025
Life expectancy has increased at all ages
A line graph depicting life expectancy for French individuals of various ages, from 1816 to 2023. The y-axis represents life expectancy in years, ranging from 30 to 90 years. Each line corresponds to different ages: at birth, 10-year-olds, 25-year-olds, 45-year-olds, 65-year-olds, and 80-year-olds.

Each line shows fluctuations in life expectancy over time but there is a notable increase for all age groups. Significant historical events, such as the Franco-Prussian War, the Spanish Flu, and World War II, are marked on the timeline, indicating periods of impact on life expectancy. 

The data sources for the chart are the Human Mortality Database and the UN WPP. The chart is licensed CC BY to Our World in Data.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 07/10/2025
Does the news reflect what we die from?
The image presents a comparison of the leading causes of death in the United States for 2023 and the media coverage these causes receive from three news outlets: The New York Times, The Washington Post, and Fox News. 

In the footer, it notes the data sources, indicating that the information is based on media mentions from Media Cloud (2025) and death data from the US CDC (2025) and the Global Terrorism Index, with a clarification that values are normalized to sum to 100%.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 25/09/2025
💡New feature: hovering over links to charts shows a preview! Look out for the little chart icon next to a link to know when you can see a preview. Our colleague Ike Saunders had this idea just a couple days ago and he already built it and made it live on our site — thanks, Ike!
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 05/09/2025
India, China, Europe, and the United States are on very different population paths
The image displays a line graph titled "Population projections until the end of the century." The graph plots population projections from 1950 to 2100, with population values ranging from 0 to 1.8 billion. Four colored lines represent different regions: 

- A brown line indicates population projections for India, showing a steady increase peaking around 2060.
- A blue line represents China, which displays a peak around 2020 before declining.
- A red line shows Europe's population, which rises slightly before declining.
- A green line indicates the United States, which experiences moderate growth before leveling off.

Dotted lines illustrate the projections based on the United Nations' medium scenario assumptions. The data source is listed as "UN, World Population Prospects (2024)" The chart includes horizontal grid lines for better readability of the population figures and timelines. The overall design aims to convey trends in population growth and decline among these regions over time
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Hannah Ritchie @hannahritchie.bsky.social · 22/08/2025
Our @ourworldindata.org we visualise weekly updates of wildfire data from the Global Wildfire Information System. Spain was having a pretty low/average year until the past few weeks when it went roaring past previous years. You can track this data here: ourworldindata.org/wildfires
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 20/08/2025
Gold export data suggests that Peru, one of the world’s largest producers, mines nearly as much informally as it does formally— According to official mining output records, Peru mined about 90 tonnes of gold in 2023, far ahead of any other South American country.
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 13/08/2025
Duolingo came out fully embracing AI in April, and it’s hard not to read their latest revenue growth numbers alongside this new report on the state of formal language learning in the UK
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 11/08/2025
✍️ New article: “$3 a day: A new poverty line has shifted the World Bank’s data on extreme poverty. What changed, and why?” 🧵
A line chart showing the global number of people living in extreme poverty. Extreme poverty is defined as living below the International Poverty Line (IPL), which is $2.15 per day in 2017 prices (shown as a red line on the chart) and $3 per day in 2021 prices (shown as a blue line).

125 million people who would not have been counted as extremely poor before June 2025 (when the IPL was raised to $3 per day) are now included.

This data is adjusted for inflation and for differences in living costs between countries. The data source is the World Bank (2024 and 2025). The chart is CC BY Our World in Data.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 12/08/2025
The reactions that many people had about 4o disappearing overnight really look like that scene from Her where Theodore realises the operating system is down. These screenshots I posted some weeks ago give a bit of a view into what some of these conversations that people miss actually looked like
theverge.com
ChatGPT is bringing back 4o as an option because people missed it
GPT-5 will no longer be the default.
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 12/08/2025
The reactions that many people had about 4o disappearing overnight really look like that scene from Her where Theodore realises the operating system is down. These screenshots I posted some weeks ago give a bit of a view into what some of these conversations that people miss actually looked like
theverge.com
ChatGPT is bringing back 4o as an option because people missed it
GPT-5 will no longer be the default.
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 11/08/2025
When the World Bank publishes new poverty estimates, it makes headlines. But making sense of these numbers is harder than it looks! Inflation, PPPs, national poverty lines, real incomes…There’s a lot going on. In this article my colleagues explain where the new numbers come from and what changed
ourworldindata.org
$3 a day: A new poverty line has shifted the World Bank’s data on extreme poverty. What changed, and why?
In June 2025, the World Bank increased its extreme poverty estimates by 125 million people. This doesn’t mean the world has gotten poorer: it reflects a new, higher International Poverty Line of $3 a ...
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Saloni @scientificdiscovery.dev · 04/08/2025
New article by me! Cardiovascular disease mortality rates have declined by around three-quarters since 1950, but we rarely hear about it. I explore some of the reasons behind the decline. ourworldindata.org/cardiovascul...
This image depicts a line graph showing cardiovascular mortality rates in the United States from 1933 to 2023, alongside key advancements in medicine, surgery, and public health. The y-axis represents age-standardized death rates from cardiovascular disease, ranging from 0 to 600. The x-axis represents years from 1933 to 2023. 

The graph starts at around 600 deaths per 100,000 people in 1933 and trends downward sharply over the decades, indicating a significant decline in mortality rates. Key advancements are marked along the timeline, including the introduction of the first heart-lung machine in 1953, the first cardiac CT scan in 1977, and the first 3D-printed heart models in 2012. 

Footnote information states that data begins in 1933 when all U.S. states started reporting cardiovascular mortality rates, sourced from the National Center for Heart Statistics in 2020 and the CDC Wonder in 2025. The chart is published by Saloni Dattani at Our World in Data.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 20/07/2025
2/Cars are a useful comparison for thinking about technology adoption, because they are powerful, dangerous, and common. In just over a century, we moved from the first mass-produced car to about 1.2 billion cars on the road.
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 21/07/2025
If you struggle to understand why/how people chat to ChatGPT for hours without any goal, just for fun, have a look at this conversation that someone posted on Reddit: www.reddit.com/r/ChatGPT/s/... I’ll share the first couple of screenshots but click and read the whole thing, including comments.
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 20/07/2025
1/ I recently listened to David Autor on @reidhoffman.bsky.social's podcast and really enjoyed it. It got me thinking about how we've adapted to past technological shifts and why we need to think differently about adaptation with AI. A few thoughts in this thread🧵
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 19/07/2025
“La verdad, no sé cuándo decidimos que el progreso equivalía a gestionar la escasez en lugar de combatirla.” Interesante artículo de @jorgegalindo.bsky.social en su Substack sobre el crecimiento económico en España: open.substack.com/pub/jorgegal...
open.substack.com
España: crecimiento sin abundancia (y dónde encontrarla)
Si tanto estamos creciendo, ¿dónde está tu parte, que no la ves?
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 19/07/2025
Engineering isn’t the same as plumbing or car mechanics. In fact, you can be a great mechanic without designing the machine, or a great engineer who’s worse at repairs than a mechanic. It took me a while to realise this applies to software too. And with AI, that distinction is getting more relevant
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Hannah Ritchie @hannahritchie.bsky.social · 09/07/2025
🎉📚 Exciting news! My new book — Clearing the Air — will be published in the UK in September. 50 of the most common questions I get about how we tackle climate change. 50 short, data-driven answers. www.penguin.co.uk/books/462676...
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 04/07/2025
OWID maps recently got a revamp. A key improvement: it’s now much easier to zoom and explore on mobile. Select a country or region, then pinch and pan to dive in 🪄 Fantastic work by @sophiamersmann.bsky.social and the team! In this video @parriagadap.bsky.social gives a quick demo
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 04/07/2025
“In America job postings for software developers have dropped by more than two-thirds since the beginning of 2022, according to data from Indeed, a recruitment site.” From www.economist.com/business/202...
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 04/07/2025
This article by my colleague @hannahritchie.bsky.social is one of my favourite recent OWID posts. It’s also a bit different from others—it brings a more personal lens to the issue of unsafe drinking water, and in doing so, makes the scale of the problem much clearer. Give it a read!
ourworldindata.org
Two billion people don’t have safe drinking water: what does this really mean for them?
For billions, it can mean hours spent collecting water. For almost a million, it means dying from disease.
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Max Roser @maxroser.bsky.social · 30/06/2025
If you are interested in our work at Our World in Data, you can subscribe to our newsletters — in recent months we made them much better. Here is what we offer and how you can subsribe: ourworldindata.org/newsletters
ourworldindata.org
Want to stay up to date on our work? Subscribe to our two newsletters
We send two regular newsletters so our readers can stay up to date on our work: data insights and a biweekly digest.
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Reposted by Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 05/06/2025
💡 Very excited to announce new features: better interactive maps! 🗺️ – Enhanced country/region selection with several sorting options and a bar chart preview – Selecting a country highlights it and shows its value on the map – Zooming to your selection brings up a 3D globe view 🌍
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Johannes Haushofer @johanneshaushofer.com · 22/05/2025
Is it "good" or "bad" when skilled people leave low-income countries? We summarized the evidence in favor of "brain gain" vs. "brain drain": www.science.org/doi/epdf/10.... Ungated PDF: johanneshaushofer.com/research
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 21/05/2025
England will be the first country to start vaccinating against gonorrhoea. The BBC explains the vaccine wasn’t originally designed for it. It’s the Meningitis B jab; but because the bacteria are closely related, the same jab can reduce gonorrhoea cases by about 1/3 ht/ @scientificdiscovery.dev
bbc.com
Gonorrhoea vaccine to be rolled out in England from August
The treatment will be offered to those most at risk from August after a record number of cases.
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 17/05/2025
According to SimilarWeb, chatgpt.com had 5.1 billion visits last April (13% increase relative to March), and about 55% of the visitors were younger than 35. For comparison: Wikipedia.org had 3.7 billion visits (down 6%), with ~45% under 35
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 17/05/2025
According to SimilarWeb, chatgpt.com had 5.1 billion visits last April (13% increase relative to March), and about 55% of the visitors were younger than 35. For comparison: Wikipedia.org had 3.7 billion visits (down 6%), with ~45% under 35
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 16/05/2025
Colombia’s GDP per capita has roughly doubled since I was a child. But a road trip I used to do often as a kid, Bogotá - Bucaramanga, still takes about 8 hours, just like it did back then. Some things have improved a lot in the country... but these roads still suck
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 13/05/2025
I thought everyone knew about the Web Archive... it’s as familiar as Wikipedia in my bubble. But recently I met people who discovered it and found it useful. So maybe this is useful: archive.org/web lets you see old versions of websites. It allows you to see edited pages + stuff that’s disappeared.
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Our World in Data @ourworldindata.org · 16/05/2025
📩 Did you know we have a newsletter to keep you updated on all of our work? Our Biweekly Digest has all of our recent work, highlights of our other work, what our team has been reading, and more. Delivered right to your inbox every other Friday.
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 14/05/2025
Traditional brick ovens across South Asia burn coal, contributing to over 50,000 deaths a year and emitting as much CO₂ as all U.S. cars This new RCT in Bangladesh shows that simple changes like better training, even without new tech or regulation, can cut emissions by 20% and improve brick quality
science.org
Reducing emissions and air pollution from informal brick kilns: Evidence from Bangladesh
We present results from a randomized controlled trial in Bangladesh that introduced operational practices to improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions in 276 “zigzag” brick kilns. Of all interven...
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 13/05/2025
“If the administration demands, say, that the US pays the same price as Greece, pharmaceutical companies will likely simply raise the Greek price to the level America currently pays. America would likely still pay the same price, and Greece would walk away without access to medicines”
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 13/05/2025
I thought everyone knew about the Web Archive... it’s as familiar as Wikipedia in my bubble. But recently I met people who discovered it and found it useful. So maybe this is useful: archive.org/web lets you see old versions of websites. It allows you to see edited pages + stuff that’s disappeared.
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 13/05/2025
Colombia’s fertility rate was 1.6 births per woman in 2023 – the same as the UK or France. In 1950 it was 6.4. That’s a 75% reduction. Comparable to China’s drop, which included the one-child policy. It's a huge demographic change and I'm not sure we’ve fully grasped what it means for the country
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 26/04/2025
This seems to be official data from The Port of Los Angeles (volumes.portoptimizer.com). For the week of May 4-10 it says -31% change from previous year
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Esteban Ortiz-Ospina @eortizospina.bsky.social · 25/04/2025
One of the most powerful measures of living conditions is child mortality: the share of children dying before their 5th birthday. It’s still tragically common in parts of the world, but history shows it can fall sharply when healthcare, nutrition, sanitation improve. You can explore the data here👇
ourworldindata.org
Child mortality rate
The estimated share of newborns who die before reaching the age of five.
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