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Conrad Speckert

@conradspeckert.bsky.social
1.1K followers 105 following 86 posts

Building code, multiplexes, missing middle and mid-rise housing <www.singlestair.ca>

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Reposted by Conrad Speckert
Dr. Mike P. Moffatt @mikepmoffatt.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
New piece at iPolitics, with Adam Mongrain (@adammongrain.bsky.social) of More and Better Housing. Canada joining the EU as an "Associate Member" could lower the cost of building a home in Canada while opening new export markets. Read here:
ipolitics.ca
Canada wants more trade with Europe. Start with housing
A well-crafted deal with the EU could also lower the cost of building a home in Canada, while opening new markets for suppliers and manufacturers of construction materials.
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M. Nolan Gray 🥑 @mnolangray.bsky.social · 07/08/2026
The more I've learned about how US building codes work, the more scandalized I've become. It almost makes zoning look good! Our codes, which are owned by a private entity, are updated constantly, with almost no research or cost-benefit analysis... www.housingwire.com/articles/mod...
housingwire.com
Building Code Reform Needs Longer Cycles and More Scrutiny
The author urges evidence and cost analysis for model code changes, plus longer timelines so cities can evaluate how provisions work in practice.
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Conrad Speckert @conradspeckert.bsky.social · 05/08/2026
Regulators should be doing everything they can to unlock the feasibility of new four- to six-storey housing with elevators and modern safety systems (fire alarms, sprinklers, etc.) to increase the overall quality and safety of our housing stock. spacing.ca/toronto/2026...
spacing.ca
Bridging the gap between houses and high-rises - Spacing Toronto
Many of us want more sustainable, safe, affordable and accessible homes. Despite zoning and land use changes to allow multiplexes and small apartment buildings in more places, the reality is that such...
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Benjamin Schneider @benschneider.bsky.social · 24/07/2026
This was a helpful analysis showing how different the floorplan could be with one stairwell. On this kind of lot, you either get a second stair or a lightwell. Can't have both. x.com/PaulSteidl/s...
x.com
Paul Steidl (@PaulSteidl) on X
Compare to this plan. @OpenScopeStudio published a piece in 2024 illustrating exactly why single-stair matters for infill housing in San Francisco. It also happened to include a very similarly sized ...
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iain @maccoinnich.bsky.social · 24/07/2026
230 Anza was approved by the San Francisco Planning Commission yesterday, and I don't think I've ever seen a set of floor plans that would benefit more from a code that allowed single stair sfyimby.com/2026/07/rend...
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OB Chargn @obchargn.bsky.social · 24/07/2026
Thanks! What an absurd layout- single stair reform can’t come soon enough
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Gil Meslin @gmeslin.bsky.social · 22/07/2026
Attention single-stair/missing middle people: as part of OBC review, the Province has opened a consultation on the Building Code, seeking to “identify ways to reduce unnecessary costs, delays, complexity, and administrative burden”. Runs to August 14. ero.ontario.ca/notice/026-0744
ero.ontario.ca
Consultation on Reducing Regulatory Burden in Ontario's Building Code | Environmental Registry of Ontario
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Marco Chitti @chittimarco.bsky.social · 21/07/2026
These are single-stair buildings, BTW, with the stairs accessible through an open-air balcony working as fire compartmentalization/smoke filter. (note the abundance of elevators)
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Philip Oldfield @sustainabletall.bsky.social · 18/07/2026
Renovation of an 11th Century tower in Nyon, by Bunq Architectes Beautiful work, but those bedrooms are a little snug…
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Sam @samd.bsky.social · 14/07/2026
most obvious policy W of all time
Zohran trade meme:

A TRADE OFFER
i receive:
10% of street parking spots in the most transit-rich part of the US
you receive:
streets no longer covered in trash
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Patrick Siegman @siegman.biz · 10/07/2026
In the City of Seattle, only about 20% of powerlines are underground. Single-stair apartment buildings up to six stories tall have been legal there for decades. Has there been a single case where someone was harmed due to overhead wires near a modern single stair building in Seattle?
seattletimes.com
Burying power lines: Is it worth the cost?
It sounds so simple: To keep falling tree limbs from knocking out power, you have to bury the lines. But that's not a cheap solution. "You can have a...
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Stephen Jacob Smith @stephenjacobsmith.com · 12/07/2026
@lanefab.com identifies three things needed to make this work: accommodative zoning, single-stair reform, and elevator cost reform. Great article!
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Stephen Jacob Smith @stephenjacobsmith.com · 09/07/2026
Sam Naylor, author of a prior report on single-stair in the Boston area, has a new report on the building code development process generally and opportunities for reform, presented at a Boston Foundation virtual event with me on July 14 at 9:30-10:30 a.m. ET www.tbf.org/events/2026/...
tbf.org
Unlocking Small Multifamily Housing Through Building Code Reform
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William Skudlarek @willskud.bsky.social · 09/07/2026
An even more egregious example of a Chicago bldg that screams for single-stair. It’s even arranged the same way (4 units/floor) but with nowhere near the efficiency. A 8.6k sq. ft. floorplate (!!, a quadruple lot plat!) nets out only 16 units in a 5 story bldg. chicagoyimby.com/2026/07/mixe...
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Bryn Davidson - Lanefab @lanefab.com · 08/07/2026
Vancouver: Single Stair Code + "Villages" Plan Critics will be critics, but the truth is we've never seen single stair urbanism in action in Canada (or most of North America). It's a new thing.
Single stair small lot apartment building, 4 storeys with retail at grade.
Adjacent buildings include single stair flats, multiplexes and single family homes.  3D model and concept by Lanefab / Oori Architecture. Rendered by Gemini.
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Bryn Davidson - Lanefab @lanefab.com · 23/06/2026
Vancouver's new single stair building code + "Villages" Zoning Updates = Unlocking small lot apartment buildings* *for the first time since the mid 70s, when the city was down-zoned to protect 'single family character', and apartment buildings were made illegal on 80% of the residential land
Two small lot apartment buildings, one with bay windows and one with balconies, on 50x122 residential lots. These are the "Four/Five" single stair prototypes (four storeys on the street and 5 storeys at the rear) by Lanefab / Oori Architecture.
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William Skudlarek @willskud.bsky.social · 20/06/2026
Vancouver, WA is proof that US bldg officials are empowered to permit single-stair bldgs right now if they wanted to. Staff posted on the city website that plans compliant with Seattle code are pre-approved. No need to wait for the state code to adopt or city council to vote. They just went for it.
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Mike Eliason @holz-bau.bsky.social · 19/06/2026
connected single stair with a courtyard damn this is gorgeous american building codes really do make for sh*ttier housing www.archdaily.com/1041560/9-wi...
archdaily.com
9 Wilson Ave Apartment / MA+Co + Neometro
Completed in 2024 in Melbourne, Australia. Images by Tom Ross. 9 Wilson Ave is a mixed-use, multi-residential building that completes the transformation of Wilson Ave in Brunswick, Melbourne, from a c...
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Conrad Speckert @conradspeckert.bsky.social · 17/06/2026
A truly ridiculous floor plan, the result of Chicago not allowing single exit stair design and not allowing scissor stairs (interlocking separate enclosures).
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Jason Cox @jasoncoxnc.bsky.social · 15/06/2026
Stockholm’s pedestrian fatality rate per 100k is 0.45. The U.S. is over 5x that. Like much of the EU Stockholm uses standards of 9.8’ for city street lanes and allows for 10.8’ in bus and truck corridors. The U.S. sets a 26’ minimum width for streets and common lane widths are 12-14’.
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Jason Cox @jasoncoxnc.bsky.social · 14/06/2026
Three different kinds of illegal stepping out of our Stockholm apartment.
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William Skudlarek @willskud.bsky.social · 31/05/2026
After the Grenfell fire, England changed its building codes to cap single-stair buildings at just 18 meters (or ~60 ft) high. Their own regulatory cost analysis found that if they capped it at 30m instead, it would achieve 90% of the benefits while cutting the overall societal cost by almost half.
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Stephen Jacob Smith @stephenjacobsmith.com · 29/05/2026
E24-24, my proposal to raise the IBC’s single-stair apartment building height limit from three stories to four, has passed the final membership vote, and will now officially make it into the 2027 IBC 🎉
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Chris Higgins @cahiggins.bsky.social · 26/05/2026
New page on switchgear (electrical infrastructure for larger buildings) just dropped. it is a great explainer on what the hardware is and what to expect. app.bchydro.com/accounts-bil...
app.bchydro.com
BC Hydro-owned switchgear
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Stefan Novakovic @novakovicto.bsky.social · 02/04/2026
In Canadian Architect, I write out 10 case studies of housing innovation in Canada, from single-stair multiplexes to Indigenous-led city-building and rapid-assembly panelization. www.canadianarchitect.com/housing-in-a...
canadianarchitect.com
Housing in Action
Sustainable, affordable, high-quality housing requires experts who can translate policy and regulations into built form—and who can challenge those policies when they present technical barriers to pro...
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Alex Taliadoros @alexctaliadoros.bsky.social · 31/03/2026
The Council just passed legislation to allow single-stair and single-entrance apartment buildings up to six stories in DC. Allowing single-stair buildings: ✅ Reduces housing construction costs ✅ Enables housing on narrow city lots ✅ Facilitates more family-sized units The bill passed unanimously.
Hawarden Apartment BuildingGladstone Apartment Building
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Jonathan Berk 🏠 @berkie1.bsky.social · 20/03/2026
"The kinds of multifamily we build most of, where many homes share a common internal corridor, is actually vastly more dangerous than single-stair buildings which are smaller and have fewer residents per corridor or stair." commonwealthbeacon.org/opinion/the-...
commonwealthbeacon.org
The growing case for single-staircase buildings as one answer to our housing crisis
Nearly every other state in New England — Vermont dating back decades, and Maine, New Hampshire, and Connecticut more recently — has either changed or committed to changing its building code to allow ...
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Stephen Jacob Smith @stephenjacobsmith.com · 04/03/2026
Single-stair gets the New York Times treatment. @holz-bau.bsky.social reminds us why they call the last line the kicker: www.nytimes.com/2026/03/04/b... (gift link)
Mr. Eliason, who advocates allowing single-stair construction for small multifamily buildings as a solution to the housing crisis, said he learned how common the design was outside the United States while working in Germany in 2019.

After seeing an 11-story tower his firm at the time had designed, Mr. Eliason recalled, he turned to his boss and said: "Something is wrong here. Where's your other stair?"

"He's looking at me, and said: 'What are you talking about? If there was another stair, there wouldn't be any room for the homes'"
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Stefan Novakovic @novakovicto.bsky.social · 28/02/2026
In the second issue of EXPO, I look at the history of the condominium in Canada. Why did condos become the primary mode of delivering multi-unit urban housing? Why did we build so many? And what happens now that nobody's buying?
expothemagazine.com
An Architectural History of the Condominium — EXPO the magazine
As pre-construction sales and project launches slow to a trickle, is the end of Canada’s condo era in sight? And what comes next?
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Mike Eliason @holz-bau.bsky.social · 26/02/2026
'Fully embracing the single-stair model would improve life in Toronto & beyond by enabling the design of buildings w/ abundant natural light, cross-ventilation, & more generous layouts, and by also supporting the formation of stronger, intergenerational social bonds' www.kpmb.com/insight/how-...
kpmb.com
Single-stair design for multigenerational living
KPMB’s entry to the National Single-Stair Architectural Design Competition establishes a model for multigenerational living on small urban lots.
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Shawn Micallef @shawnmicallef.bsky.social · 26/01/2026
Doug Ford said it had to close because the roof was unstable. Massive snow dump, roof just fine. Doug Ford lies.
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Stephen Jacob Smith @stephenjacobsmith.com · 07/01/2026
Interesting floor plan that shows what mitigations are possible that are not a second stair or sprinklers (neither of which are common in new apartment buildings in France). The lower floors have a short double-loaded corridor with five units of up to 4BR, which I... divisare.com/projects/548...
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Conrad Speckert @conradspeckert.bsky.social · 28/12/2025
Updated to include changes in City of Vancouver, recent change from 16 to 20 storeys in Sweden, and permissions for existing buildings in Nova Scotia. secondegress.ca/Jurisdictions
secondegress.ca
Jurisdictions — The Second Egress: Building a Code Change
Jurisdictions Cite this image: Speckert, C. (2022). Jurisdictions: Maximum Permitted Height for Single Stair Buildings [Infographic]. McGill...
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Conrad Speckert @conradspeckert.bsky.social · 28/12/2025
Fascinating 2008 paper on "Redefining fire safety in Swedish high-rise buildings" speaks to risk-informed design of single exit stair high-rise buildings in Sweden, featuring the Turning Torso (54 storeys, residential/offices) and the Kista Science Tower (31 storeys, offices) wuz.se/wp-content/p...
wuz.se
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Joe Cohen @cohenhouse.bsky.social · 18/12/2025
A new bombshell modeling report by the State of Minnesota has found that small single-stair buildings with smoke-separated stairwells are likely to be SIGNIFICANTLY SAFER than typical double-loaded apartment buildings
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Conrad Speckert @conradspeckert.bsky.social · 11/12/2025
Today, the City of Vancouver approved the code change to the Vancouver Building By-Law (VBBL) to allow Single Exterior Exit Stair (SEES?!?) for up to 6 storeys in height, as well as accommodating scissor stair layouts for 6 storeys of limited area by reducing the minimum distance between exits.
vancouver.ca
New Vancouver building rules aim to improve safety and housing supply
Vancouver approves new space-saving stair designs and Abandoned and Vacated Buildings By-law.
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Uytae Lee @uytaelee.bsky.social · 30/11/2025
Excited to share a new video I produced with Urbanarium on their Decoding Timber Towers competition, which challenged teams to design 8–20+ storey buildings out of wood! Check it out here: www.youtube.com/watch?v=gQ42...
youtube.com
Did these designs crack the code to wood towers?
YouTube video by About Here
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Conrad Speckert @conradspeckert.bsky.social · 30/11/2025
The Mid-rise Pattern Designs endorsed by the Government Architect of New South Wales (Australia) provides a catalogue of small lot and corner lot apartment building designs of 4 to 7 storeys in height. Take a look at the floor plans and renderings. www.planning.nsw.gov.au/government-a...
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Stephen Jacob Smith @stephenjacobsmith.com · 20/11/2025
Somebody in the audience pointed out something that I didn’t know, which is that Queensbridge Houses, the largest NYCHA project in the city (and thereby largest public housing complex in North America), is single-stair. platform-affordable-dwelling.bk.tudelft.nl/database/201...
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Conrad Speckert @conradspeckert.bsky.social · 19/11/2025
"Although corner stores may seem a trivial issue, allowing them near where people live can make a neighbourhood more pleasant and, well, convenient. But antiquated zoning laws make them illegal in most neighbourhoods of Canada..." www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/edit...
theglobeandmail.com
Globe editorial: Toronto shuts the door on the corner store
City council’s wrongheaded limits on convenience stores go against what makes cities great, not to mention the free market
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Conrad Speckert @conradspeckert.bsky.social · 01/11/2025
“The era of shoebox condos is over” in the Globe and Mail today - a feature on single stair: ”Yet with features such as sprinklers, smoke-sealed doors and more reliable fire alarm systems, mid-size apartment buildings can be just as safe...” www.theglobeandmail.com/investing/pe...
theglobeandmail.com
The era of the shoebox condo is over. Here’s how Canada can build livable apartments
Canada needs livable apartments to help fix the housing crisis. To do that, it must change the rulebook for both condos and rentals
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Stephen Jacob Smith @stephenjacobsmith.com · 23/10/2025
Fascinating article. This really stood out to me: smaller cars are more popular in Canada than in the U.S., but due to Transport Canada tying its safety standards to the U.S., Canada gets stuck with our huge cars instead of smaller European models. I wonder if the same is true of U.S. cities 🤔
In addition to increasing the market's variety, it could allow automakers to better fulfil specific Canadian niches that are not popular enough in the United States to warrant the work needed to certify a new vehicle.
For example, smaller vehicles and hatchbacks are more popular in Canada
than in the U.S. relative to the size of the market. Since these vehicles tend to be more affordable than the industry average, spending millions to have a car made for Europe or Asia be certified for North America doesn't make much financial
sense. This is one of the reasons why subcompact vehicles and non-SUV hatchbacks have all disappeared from Canada over the
last 10 years.
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Michael Andersen @andersem.bsky.social · 21/10/2025
I’m at the launch of Oregon’s design competition for sunlight suite buildings - neighborhood-scale mulifamily buildings designed around one central staircase. “This is one of those innovations whose time has come,” says Gil Kelley of @1000oregon.bsky.social.
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Julian Frost @serviceurbanisme.bsky.social · 20/10/2025
Single-stair buildings up to 6 stories are legal in Baltimore City! Headed to Mayor Scott's desk for signature.
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Conrad Speckert @conradspeckert.bsky.social · 16/10/2025
This pilot project for SES building design is also featured here. Others of similar configuration have been accepted in Vancouver, Edmonton and Hamilton. singlestair.ca/Office-Ou
singlestair.ca
Office Ou — Single Stair Alternative Solutions: CMHC Housing Supply Challenge
Office Ou Pilot Project (Toronto) Typology 3-Storey Apartment Building Occupancy Group C, 6 Dwelling Units Classification 2024 Ontario Building Code,...
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Sean Jursnick @seanjurs.bsky.social · 03/10/2025
Winner of Billings Architectural Association's 2025 Single-Stair Housing Competition by Trae Schwenneker. The competition focused on urban infill in Downtown Billings, MT. The winning project honors the historic brick architect of Montana Avenue w/ ground-floor retail & four upper levels of condos.
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Conrad Speckert @conradspeckert.bsky.social · 02/10/2025
Our team placed 2nd in the Urbanarium "Decoding Timber Towers" architectural ideas competition (1st place to @moriyamateshima.bsky.social) with our 20-storey mass timber tower featuring a compact elevator and exit stair core, exposed ceilings, prefab balconies and a balanced mix of 1 to 4 bed homes!
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Stephen Jacob Smith @stephenjacobsmith.com · 01/10/2025
Pew finds something that everybody in codes and standards knows but few will say out loud: we apply far stricter fire safety standards to apartments than to houses. www.pew.org/en/research-...
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Bryn Davidson - Lanefab @lanefab.com · 30/09/2025
“Modern apartments have a fire death rate … six times lower than older apartments… (or) single-family homes…” Aka why new single stair flats would be among the safest buildings in your city. www.linkedin.com/pulse/why-bu...
linkedin.com
Why Building Modern Apartments Can Solve the Housing Shortage and Improve Fire Safety
State and local policymakers across the country are exploring ways to expand housing options as communities face a persistent shortage that has driven costs to record highs. One way to close the gap i...
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Sean Jursnick @seanjurs.bsky.social · 23/09/2025
Modular, mass timber, and single-stair This workforce housing project in Montana maxes out the current IBC code limitations on single housing with a 10,000 sf floor plate and 8-bed units that each feature shared living, kitchen, and laundry. www.idcubedmodular.com/blank
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