A new study uses molecular genetics to validate the brain lag hypothesis and evolutionary neural overshoot.

A new study led by a Duke University scientist overturns a long-held idea about how primates, including humans, came to have such large and sophisticated brains. The research finds that the dramatic e...

Abstract. The pallium is the evolutionary precursor of the neocortex and a central brain region underlying learning or social behavior, yet its histogeneti

Vocal communication is a conserved vertebrate social behavior that begins at birth with the cries of infants. These neonatal vocal signals vary across contexts to elicit parental care that matches inf...

Vocal communication is a conserved vertebrate social behavior that begins at birth with the cries of infants. These neonatal vocal signals vary across contexts to elicit parental care that matches inf...

Ovenbirds, electric fish, tree frogs and other regional fauna help neuroscientists ask novel research questions in the field.

The European Network for Brain Evolution Research was founded in 2010. It brings together researchers from multiple disciplines around the globe who share an interest in evolutionary neuroscience. The...

Scaled up to size, a raccoon brain would contain roughly the same number of neurons as a human brain.

This comprehensive atlas documents the frequency, position, and variability of cortical sulcal imprints across 21 extant Pan endocasts, providing the first quantitative baseline for comparative paleo...

The long read: Scientists are battling over whether supposedly simple organisms should be considered ‘intelligent’. The outcome could reshape our understanding of the natural world – and our own place...

Inside the Not-So-Dumb Head of the Dodo Bird: Cranial scans reveal a brain with clever sensory adaptations

Inside the Not-So-Dumb Head of the Dodo Bird: Cranial scans reveal a brain with clever sensory adaptations

In the three-and-a-half centuries since the flightless Dodo bird was wiped out, the word “dodo” has become synonymous with dim-witted and dumb. But now, new research studying their skulls is showing t...

Results suggest brain co-evolved with manual dexterity, say scientists, with humans by no means the outlier

Prolonged neuronal maturation, also referred to as neoteny, constitutes a hallmark of human brain evolution. Yet, the mechanisms controlling neotenic brain development remain poorly understood, and ha...

Scientific Reports - Evolutionary stasis in synapsid encephalization during the end-permian mass extinction

A new study, published July 6, 2026, in the journal Nature Communications, suggests that two of the best-known trends in human evolution—brain growth and the reduction in the size of the face and jaw—...

Abstract. The early Palaeocene Conflicto antarcticus reveals a mosaic pattern of brain and skull evolution relative to other Anseriformes. Despite its hype

Vertebrate evolution has driven adaptive remodeling of brain regions impacted by changing sensorimotor demands. The cerebellum—a hindbrain area mediating associative learning and predictive coding—is ...

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