Phasic reward prediction signals in ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons and basal forebrain (BF) noncholinergic bursting neurons are remarkably similar despite the distinct circuit…

Inhibiting actions inappropriate for the behavioral context, or inhibitory control, is essential for survival and involves both reactively stopping the curre...

Cholinergic signaling is involved with a variety of brain functions including learning and memory, attention, and behavioral state modulation. The spatiotemporal characteristics of neocortical acetylcholine (ACh) release in response to sensory ...

Here, the authors created a virtual reality task for monkeys and mice to explore if internal states like attention are similar across species. Their facial expressions during the task were similar, su...

An algorithm called time–magnitude reinforcement learning (TMRL) extends distributional reinforcement learning to take account of reward time and magnitude, and behavioural and neurophysiological...

Individual dopaminergic neurons encode future rewards over distinct temporal horizons.

ALI is an approach for analyzing voltage imaging data that is inspired by algorithms used in super-resolution microscopy. It allows resolving the activity of single neurons in densely labeled populati...

A mouse behavioral model of hallucinations yields circuit-level insights into the dopamine hypothesis of psychosis.

Dopaminergic action prediction error signals are used by mice as a value-free teaching signal to reinforce stable sound–action associations in the tail of the striatum.

Behavioural experiments to study decision-making in response to context-dependent accumulation of evidence provide testable models that are consistent with the heterogeneity in neural signatures among...

ALT: a picture of a pikachu with the words " i still have hope " written below it

Proprioceptors mediate acidosis sensation that contributes to acid-induced pain chronicity.

A major challenge in neuroscience is reconciling idealized theoretical models with complex, heterogeneous experimental data. We address this challenge through the lens of continuous-attractor networks...

By examining neural responses from tree shrews performing hierarchical decision tasks with rule reversals, the authors identify a thalamocortical mechanism for regulating cognitive flexibility.

The Transmitter’s first book, “Thinking about neuroscience: Essays from the field,” features a rich collection of writing from researchers Nicole Rust, Anthony Zador and many more.

How are associative memories formed? Which cells represent a memory, and when are they engaged? By visualizing and tagging cells based on their calcium influx with unparalleled temporal precision, we ...