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A minimum effective dose for (transcranial) alternating current stimulation
The question of adequate dosing is fundamental to non-invasive brain stimulation. Selecting stimulation intensity that results in an electric field leading to a desired physiological response is crucial. For transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), the concept of dose refers to the induced electric fields in the brain [1–3]. Thus, we can ask: What minimum electric field strength causes detectable changes in neural activity? This question is vital for understanding tACS dosing in humans necessary to modulate mental states and behavior.