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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto

@lorenzoscottb.bsky.social
3.2K followers 666 following 60 posts

Researcher at the European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) in AI for health (graphs, eval, interpretability). Occasionally, AI for dream research. All views are my own lorenzoscottb.github.io

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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 07/10/2026
Prompting a model that only speaks #DNA, like #Evo2, is tricky. In-context learning proved effective, but its boundaries and inner mechanism are not fully clear. Our preprint focuses on those questions, using natural and synthetic sequences, and tools from #mechint. www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...
biorxiv.org
Evo 2 as a classification machine: evidence from in-context learning and mechanistic interpretability
In-context learning (iCL) is an emergent capability of Large Language Models (LLMs), allowing them to perform new tasks at inference time using prompt-injected examples. While extensively studied in L...
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 10/07/2026
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...
biorxiv.org
Evo 2′s Perception of Single Nucleotide Substitutions in the Genes of Two Plant Model Organisms
Although DNA Large Language Models (DNA-LLMs) offer a path to decoding genetic complexity, our ability to evaluate these models is constrained by our incomplete understanding of the very same genetic ...
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 22/05/2026
Hello #sleeppeeps, our latest work on AI for dream report analysis is finally out (with attached pre-trained models). In the work, we show how small generative LLMs can be easily trained to efficiently annotate dream reports in a more dynamic manner. link.springer.com/chapter/10.1...
link.springer.com
PreDA: Prefix-Based Dream Reports Annotation with Generative Language Models
Dream reports are recollections of our experiences while asleep, and have strong research and clinical value. Since their analysis can be extremely time-consuming, researchers have adopted multiple ty...
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Adriana Michalak, PhD @dr-adri.bsky.social · 24/03/2026
💤𝗛𝗼𝘁 𝗼𝗳𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗽𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘀💤 Our findings indicate that 𝘀𝘂𝗯𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝘀𝗹𝗲𝗲𝗽 𝗱𝗲𝗽𝘁𝗵 is not solely determined by reduced brain activity. 𝗜𝗺𝗺𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗱𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗺 𝗲𝘅𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲𝘀 appear to maintain the 𝘀𝘂𝗯𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝘀𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗱𝗲𝗲𝗽 𝘀𝗹𝗲𝗲𝗽 as 𝗵𝗼𝗺𝗲𝗼𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝘀𝗹𝗲𝗲𝗽 𝗽𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘀𝘂𝗿𝗲 naturally declines across the night. dx.plos.org/10.1371/jour...
dx.plos.org
Immersive NREM2 dreaming preserves subjective sleep depth against declining sleep pressure
Perceived sleep depth is generally thought to reflect reduced brain activity. This study shows that this relationship weakens during dreaming, suggesting that dreaming helps sustain the subjective exp...
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 08/01/2026
👋 #sleeppeeps, this weekend I’ll be at the DxE simposyum at MIT to present some preliminary work at the intersection of AI and neuroscience to trace #dream event in event #EEG signal. Come say hi at the event, or drop a line if you’re in the Boston area and wanna chat 😀 dxe.framer.website
dxe.framer.website
Dream x Engineering Symposium
A gathering of world leaders in sleep and dream science exploring how we can influence dreaming with precision to improve well-being, accelerate learning, and treat clinical conditions.
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 17/11/2025
All the models are back online, and the full paper should be out soon too 😃 huggingface.co/collections/... #sleeppees #dream
huggingface.co
PreDA - a DReAMy-lib Collection
generative models for multi-feature annotation
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 03/08/2025
Unserious post: Now that (some) #AI researchers and engineers have rockstars-level salaries and notoriety, will they also have stage (or, better, paper) names?
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 01/08/2025
Made it alive and well to the last day of #ACL2025NLP? Hats off you to you (well…us…)!!! Time to collect the last energy and pass by our poster this afternoon 😀
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 27/07/2025
Not pressing _this_ work at #ACL2025NLP, but always happy to chat NLP/AI for dream analysis 😴🤖
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 25/07/2025
Paper: aclanthology.org/2025.gebnlp-...
aclanthology.org
Strengths and Limitations of Word-Based Task Explainability in Vision Language Models: a Case Study on Biological Sex Biases in the Medical Domain
Lorenzo Bertolini, Valentin Comte, Victoria Ruiz-Serra, Lia Orfei, Mario Ceresa. Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Gender Bias in Natural Language Processing (GeBNLP). 2025.
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 25/07/2025
I’ll be at #ACL2025NLP next week, with a paper for the #GeBNLP workshop! In this work, we tested the ability of a task-level explainability method to trace biological-sex biases in medical image classification, using general and biomedical VLMs. @aclmeeting.bsky.social @genderbiasnlp.bsky.social
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 23/07/2025
👋 #sleeppeeps In this new work, we show how multiple LLMs appear to easily process #dreams, and reflect previously observed differences in reports (e.g., male-female, blind-sighted). We also argue for caution linking dreams and bizarreness when using #LLMs www.frontiersin.org/journals/sle...
frontiersin.org
Frontiers | Dreams are more “predictable” than you think
IntroductionA growing body of work has used machine learning and AI tools to analyse dream reports, and compare them to other textual content. Since these to...
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 27/06/2025
Happy to share that our work on #conformalprediction for pulmonary nodule detection has been accepted for presentation at COPA 25 conference!
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 10/06/2025
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
nature.com
An epidemiological knowledge graph extracted from the World Health Organization’s Disease Outbreak News - Scientific Data
Scientific Data - An epidemiological knowledge graph extracted from the World Health Organization’s Disease Outbreak News
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 15/05/2025
Introducing PreDA (prefix-based dream annotation), a set of generative LLMs tuned to annotate dream reports for 6 Hall & Van De Castle features! The paper will be presented at LOD 25 conference later this year as a long contribution. Models available here huggingface.co/jrc-ai #sleeppeeps #dream
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Reposted by Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto
arxiv cs.CV @arxiv-cs-cv.bsky.social · 31/12/2024
Roel Hulsman, Valentin Comte, Lorenzo Bertolini, Tobias Wiesenthal, Antonio Puertas Gallardo, Mario Ceresa Conformal Risk Control for Pulmonary Nodule Detection arxiv.org/abs/2412.20167
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Reposted by Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto
Adriana Michalak, PhD @dr-adri.bsky.social · 18/12/2024
💤 As I approach the end of my PostDoc at IMT Lucca, I’m looking for a new job! 🧠 Ideally: Research roles related to sleep/dream/consciousness/cognitive science. 🤖 Open to scientific writing & data analysis, too. 📍 Milan, nearby areas, or Switzerland. DMs open 💃🏼
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 10/12/2024
Would computational approaches like open source toolkit and/or trained models (e.g. LLMs) be of interest too?
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Adriana Michalak, PhD @dr-adri.bsky.social · 09/12/2024
Contribute to our Research Topic "Understanding conscious experiences during sleep"! 💤 🧠 💤 Deadlines: Manuscript Summary Submission: 20.12.24 Manuscript Submission: 28.02.25 www.frontiersin.org/research-top... #consciousexperiences #sleep #REMdreams #NREMdreams #DreamEngineering #Hypnagogia
frontiersin.org
Understanding conscious experiences during sleep
Emerging research suggests that elements of awareness persist throughout various sleep stages, challenging conventional notions of unconsciousness during sleep. This dynamic and enigmatic interplay of...
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Reposted by Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto
Tomer Ullman @tomerullman.bsky.social · 01/12/2024
thinking of calling this "The Illusion Illusion" (more examples below)
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François Fleuret @francois.fleuret.org · 26/11/2024
My deep learning course at the University of Geneva is available on-line. 1000+ slides, ~20h of screen-casts. Full of examples in PyTorch. fleuret.org/dlc/ And my "Little Book of Deep Learning" is available as a phone-formatted pdf (nearing 700k downloads!) fleuret.org/lbdl/
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Thomas Wolf @thomwolf.bsky.social · 24/11/2024
It's Sunday morning so taking a minute for a nerdy thread (on math, tokenizers and LLMs) of the work of our intern Garreth By adding a few lines of code to the base Llama 3 tokenizer, he got a free boost in arithmetic performance 😮 [thread]
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Trish Greenhalgh @trishgreenhalgh.bsky.social · 24/11/2024
Reproducing my thread from the Other Place on our Lancet paper 'Long COVID - a clinical update'. Coauthors Manoj Sivan, Alice Perlowski, Janko Nikolich. 1/ www.thelancet.com/journals/lan...?
thelancet.com
Long COVID: a clinical update
Post-COVID-19 condition (also known as long COVID) is generally defined as symptoms persisting for 3 months or more after acute COVID-19. Long COVID can affect multiple organ systems and lead to sever...
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Reposted by Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto
il Post @ilpost.it · 21/11/2024
E quindi come si sta da queste parti?
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AmsterdamNLP @amsterdamnlp.bsky.social · 10/11/2024
Work in progress -- suggestions for NLP-ers based in the EU/Europe & already on Bluesky very welcome! go.bsky.app/NZDc31B
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 20/11/2024
Heya, happy to be on the list if there is still a slot 🙂
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 20/11/2024
Good question, but o don’t think so. I haven’t seen/found anyone yet.
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 20/11/2024
Thanks, but it seems that the response is quite full of errors/hallucinations. In the paper of the first two datasets, there is no mention of existing age-based metadata (nor in the dataset download web page), while the third I donìt think it qualifies as histopath.
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 20/11/2024
Hi alI quick dataset question: I’m looking for a collection of histopathological images (no specific requirements wrt organ/disease/task) which includes metadata on participants’ (approximate) age. Any suggestion?
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 19/11/2024
A useful and very informed add to the debate would also be @lampinen.bsky.social 🙂
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Manlio De Domenico @manlius.bsky.social · 15/11/2024
As a computational social scientist I could not miss to follow this beautiful creature: the BlueSky social network during its growth in the last hours! In this video I show just a snapshot for about 210k users and their 500k-ish connections #academicsky Zoom in the next post youtu.be/JcmYZtWGnjQ
youtu.be
The “great Xodus” and the growth of BlueSky
YouTube video by Manlio De Domenico
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 12/11/2024
Nice to see so many new #sleeppeeps on #SleepSky! I’m just gonna leave this here again 😅 (btw the paper and DReAMy abstract have now been published!)
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Christopher Manning @chrmanning.bsky.social · 10/11/2024
Papers at #EMNLP2024 #1 Statistical Uncertainty in Word Embeddings: GloVe-V Neural models, from word vectors through transformers, use point estimate representations. They can have large variances, which often loom large in CSS applications. Tue Nov 12 15:15-15:30 Flagler
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Maike Osborne @maosbot.bsky.social · 09/11/2024
New here? Interested in AI/ML? Check out these great starter packs! AI: go.bsky.app/SipA7it RL: go.bsky.app/3WPHcHg Women in AI: go.bsky.app/LaGDpqg NLP: go.bsky.app/SngwGeS AI and news: go.bsky.app/5sFqVNS You can also search all starter packs here: blueskydirectory.com/starter-pack...
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Juan Diego Rodriguez @juand-r.bsky.social · 08/11/2024
How do language models organize concepts and their properties? Do they use taxonomies to infer new properties, or infer based on concept similarities? Apparently, both! 🌟 New paper with my fantastic collaborators @amuuueller.bsky.social and @kanishka.bsky.social
Title: "Characterizing the Role of Similarity in the Property Inferences of Language Models"
Authors: Juan Diego Rodriguez, Aaron Mueller, Kanishka Misra

Left figure: "Given that dogs are daxable, is it true that corgis are daxable?" A language model could answer this either using taxonomic relations, illustrated by a taxonomy dog-corgi, dog-mutt, canine-wolf, etc., or by similarity relations (dogs are more similar to corgis than cats, wolves or shar peis).

Right figure: illustration of the causal model (and an example intervention) for distributed alignment search (DAS), which we used to find a subspace in the network responsible for property inheritance behavior. The bottom nodes are "property", "premise concept (A)" and "conclusion concept (B)" , the middle nodes are "A has property P", "B is a kind of A", and the top node is "B has property P".
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 05/06/2024
Sad to miss the #neuroscience of #dreaming summers school and the opportunity to chat about #NLP and #LLMs for #dream research. If you're interested, check out dreamy's tutorials on the Git page (also available on Google Colab) 😀 github.com/lorenzoscott...
github.com
GitHub - lorenzoscottb/DReAMy: DReAMy: a library for dream-reports annotation methods with python, NLP, and LLMs
DReAMy: a library for dream-reports annotation methods with python, NLP, and LLMs - lorenzoscottb/DReAMy
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 23/05/2024
👋 #SleepPeeps, happy to share DReAMy's new feature! Do you need to anonymise #dream reports? We've got you covered, with anonymized, a 1-line solution to find and replace entities. Try it out in our tutorial section, or online colab.research.google.com/drive/14hHRRC3…
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 11/04/2024
Hello friends and #sleeppeeps, later this month I will be giving an talk on my (and relevant) work on #NLP, #LLMs and #dreams. Catch it of you're interested
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 16/03/2024
Hello #sleeppeeps, the published version of our work is finally out! Have a read if you're interested in NLP and LLMs for automatic dream content analysis! aclanthology.org/2024.clpsych...
aclanthology.org
Automatic Annotation of Dream Report’s Emotional Content with Large Language Models
Lorenzo Bertolini, Valentina Elce, Adriana Michalak, Hanna-Sophia Widhoezl, Giulio Bernardi, Julie Weeds. Proceedings of the 9th Workshop on Computational Linguistics and Clinical Psychology (CLPsych ...
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 18/02/2024
DReAMy abstract's finally out on SleepMedicine (WorldSleep 23)! www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
sciencedirect.com
DReAMy: a library for the automatic analysis and annotation of dream reports with multilingual large language models
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 31/01/2024
Preprint: arxiv.org/abs/2302.14828 Experiments code: github.com/lorenzoscott... Trained HF models: huggingface.co/DReAMy-lib
huggingface.co
DReAMy-lib (DReAMy)
NLP for dream reports analysis and annotation.
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 31/01/2024
Overall, the work shows how LLMs can be adapted to annotate dream reports from different populations with minimal supervision, potentially allowing for standardised and replicable annotation of large datasets for research purposes!
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 31/01/2024
Lastly, we tested if our model was robust to OoD unlabeled data from a subject with a diagnosed PTSD (a Veteran of the Vietnam War), and found that the model’s prediction fit the *expected* emotion distribution, without simply mimicking the training distribution.
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 31/01/2024
We also conducted an ablation experiment, to understand if the performance was influenced by memorisation or implicit statistics within different series (subsets of DreamBank), but found no significant evidence of these differences impacting the model.
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 31/01/2024
Our main results show a generally strong and stable performance across most single emotions and emotion sets, aside from a widespread poor performance for sadness.
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 31/01/2024
We hence reframed the task to suit the HVDC scoring method. Using a multi-label setting, we trained a model to predict if each of the 5 HVDC emotions was appearing independently!
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 31/01/2024
Preliminary experiments showed that binary predictions from an LLM pre-trained on sentiment analysis do not correlate with the general sentiment of a report, nor with single positive/negative emotions.
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 31/01/2024
Longer story: we study if LLMs can be used to replicate HVDC emotion feature, and, if so, with which granularity? Can we do so without supervision? If not, how robust is a supervised classifier to biases and out-of-distribution (OoD) data?
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 31/01/2024
TL,DR: we test if LLMs can automatically annotate #Dream reports' emotional content following the Hall and Van de Castle (HVDC) framework, and find that a robust classifier can be built with minimal supervision!
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Lorenzo Bertolini Agnoletto @lorenzoscottb.bsky.social · 31/01/2024
Hello #sleeppeeps, happy to share that our paper "Automatic Annotation of #Dream Report’s Emotional Content with Large Language Models" was accepted for publication at #EACL2024 Computational Linguistic and Clinical Psychology Workshop! Here's a short 🧵
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