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C Stuart Adams

@etotheipiequals.bsky.social
164 followers 164 following 6 posts

Physicist. Durham University. Author of Opticsf2f.

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Reposted by C Stuart Adams
Brian ☀️🌏🌘 @balail.bsky.social · 02/04/2026
Artemis ii
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Robert Rohde @rarohde.bsky.social · 21/03/2026
The current heatwave in the US Southwest is utterly destroying many records for this time of year. Phoenix, Arizona has ~90 years of daily temperature data, and yet recent temperatures beat the previous March record by 5 °F (2.8 °C), and would actually tie the record for April.
Plot wrapping daily maximum temperature history for Phoenix, Arizona for every year since 1933, and showing the anomalously high temperatures in 2026.
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Institute of Physics @iop.org · 08/03/2026
What inspires someone to pursue physics for life? From discovering general relativity to the encouragement of mentors, women in our community share the moments that shaped their journeys. This #InternationalWomensDay we’re celebrating women advancing physics and inspiring the next generation. 🌟
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 07/02/2026
In this week’s Fourier Optics course we shall be looking at spatial filtering – how a pair of lenses performs a Fourier analysis and subsequently Fourier synthesis in the 4f set up. The importance of the f to f set up with a single lens is emphasised. 🧪 #physics ⚛️ #optics 💡 #iTeachPhysics 🎢
An image with an aperture in the form of the letter K in the plane z=-2f. There is a lens in the plane z=-f. We see the Fourier transform in the plane z=0. (Fourier analysis). There is a lens in the plane z=f. An inverted image of K is seen in the plane z =2f (Fourier synthesis).
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 01/02/2026
The code for generating the quiz (and many other images from the Fourier Optics course) were developed by @etotheipiequals.bsky.social and can be found here: opticsf2f.github.io/Opticsf2f_Co...
opticsf2f.github.io
6.3. 2D FT of arrays: Exercise — Optics f2f Code Book
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Quanta Magazine @quantamagazine.org · 29/01/2026
The “MaxCut” problem is a fundamental question about graphs with real-world applications, like efficient circuit design. Recently, work on MaxCut helped mathematicians solve a major problem in number theory. www.quantamagazine.org/networks-hol...
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 18/01/2026
In this week’s Fourier Optics course we shall be looking at diffraction. The central idea is: decompose an arbitrary light distribution in one plane into a sum of plane waves with Fourier transform to solve the Helmholtz equation for light propagation. 🧪 #physics ⚛️ #optics 💡 #iTeachPhysics 🎢
Two mathematical definitions: those of the Fourier transform of a two dimensional function; and that of the inverse Fourier transform.
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 11/01/2026
All the material for the Fourier Optics course this term is from set text #opticsf2f co-authored with colleague @etotheipiequals.bsky.social global.oup.com/academic/pro... Part of the PHYS3721 Modern Atomic and Optical Physics 3 module taught at Durham Physics.
The front cover of the textbook "Optics f2f: from Fourier to Fresnel". Authors Charles S. Adams, and Ifan G. Hughes. Published by Oxford University Press.
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Tobias Franzen @tobifranzen.bsky.social · 06/10/2025
Got around to building a little website for my new activity on quantum networking with Yb at @durhamqlm.bsky.social, funded by my EPSRC Quantum Technologies Career Acceleration Fellowship: durham-qlm.uk/research/tec...
Symbolic illustration of a network formed by Yb atoms connected with optical fibre links.
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Quantum Light and Matter at Durham University @durhamqlm.bsky.social · 07/10/2025
Congratulations to Oliver Hughes on passing his viva. Thesis entitled "Preparation and Coherent Control of a Rydberg Qutrit in a Cold Atomic Ensemble". Supervised by @etotheipiequals.bsky.social and @kjweatherill.bsky.social Seen here with Stuart and internal examiner @ifanghughes.bsky.social
A photo of three physicists: Prof C Stuart Adams (left); Prof Ifan Hughes (right); and successful PhD candidate Oliver Hughes (centre).
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Quantum Light and Matter at Durham University @durhamqlm.bsky.social · 01/10/2025
QLM is hiring! We're looking for a new Assistant Professor in QLM. This position is a theory position. Please find the job description below in this thread. For any academia-related queries, please contact Ifan Hughes (i.g.hughes@durham.ac.uk). We look forward to receiving your application!
A photo of the QLM group stood outside the main physics building on campus, featuring staff and PhD students.Durham QLM logo, an interpretation of an atom interacting with light.
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 19/09/2025
Hot off the press! Our @durhamqlm.bsky.social results in collaboration with group of @sonjafrankearnold.bsky.social in Glasgow have just been published. opg.optica.org/directpdfacc... Atoms, Iasers, big magnets and structured light. What's not to like?
Polarization profiles and their simulated 3D structures at the
focus. (a) shows examples of the investigated polarization structures,
color coded in purple for radial and yellow for azimuthal polarization
components. From top to bottom: radial Oe , azimuthal Oe [Eq. (2)],
vortices with twofold symmetry Oe2 [Eq. (3)] and vortices with sixfold
symmetry Oe6 [Eq. (4)]. (b) shows the simulated 3D light configurations
for Oe2 at the focus of a lens with NA 0.4. These are displayed in different
polarization bases: Cartesian components (top row); circular and axial
components corresponding to atomic  and  transitions (middle
row); and radial, azimuthal, and axial polarization (bottom row), highlighting
the conversion of some of the radial input polarization into axial
polarization.Evidence of a varying longitudinal polarization component
as function of the “radiality” of the light beam. Absorption spectra in a
range of 100 GHz of the D2 transition for Rb for input beams shown in
(a) with various polarization profiles from azimuthal (yellow) to radial
(dark red). The spectra in (b) for Rb heated to approximately 80Cfeature
 as well as  transitions. The  transition absorption is smallest for
azimuthally polarized light beams and becomes largest for radial polarization.
(c) shows the depth of the leftmost  transition peak on the right
block as a function of the beams “radiality” from the equivalent dataset
taken at125C.Visualizing the axial component of various strongly focused
(NAD0.4) vector light beams via atomic optical densities at the 
transition, illustrated for azimuthal and radial polarizations as well as
higher-order vortices with twofold and sixfold symmetries. (a) shows the
theoretical polarization profiles and axial intensity distributions at the
focus for these four beams. (b) shows the corresponding experimental
polarization patterns as well as the optical density of the atomic vapor
at one of the  transitions. The data for the spatial polarization tomography
and optical density patterns were taken in the far field of the lens
configuration.
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Quantum Light and Matter at Durham University @durhamqlm.bsky.social · 15/09/2025
A strong QLM presence at the recent @instituteofphysics.bsky.social QuAMP 2025 conference in Newcastle. In addition to many contributed talks, @kjweatherill.bsky.social gave an Invited talk "radiofrequency and terahertz sensing and imaging using Rydberg atoms". Both Maddie & Tom won Poster Prizes.
A photograph of Professor Kevin Weatherill giving his invited talk. He is stood in front of two screens showing images of relevant THz research.PhD student Maddie in front of her prize-winning poster.Tom's prize-winning poster.
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Joseph Barbier @joseph-barbier.bsky.social · 15/08/2025
@matplotlib.org is getting more and more interactivity! "plotjs" converts any existing matplotlib charts to an interactive, web-based version of them, with quite a lot of customization options. Try it out here: github.com/y-sunflower/... More examples: y-sunflower.github.io/plotjs/
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Zack Labe @zacklabe.com · 07/08/2025
It's time! Join me in tracking this year's #Arctic sea ice minimum! Sea ice melt substantially slows every September as solar energy decreases and temperatures drop in the far north. Follow along with the data at zacklabe.com/arctic-sea-i...
Line graph time series of 2025's daily Arctic sea ice extent compared to decadal averages from the 1980s to the 2010s. Scatter points are also shown for the previous annual minimum years from 2000 to 2024. There is a long-term decreasing trend in ice extent. 2012 is current the all-time record low.
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Wonder of Science @wonderofscience.bsky.social · 15/07/2025
Colored droplets in corn syrup seemingly blended together can be returned to their original state by reversing the direction of mixing, a form of laminar flow called "Stokes flow". Credit: UNM Physics & Astronomy
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C Stuart Adams @etotheipiequals.bsky.social · 01/07/2025
The measurement of CO2 on Mauna Loa began in 1958. In terms of duration, the quality of the data and impact, it is the greatest experiment in the history of science. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles...
en.m.wikipedia.org
Charles David Keeling - Wikipedia
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Dulwich Quantum Computing @dulwichquantum.bsky.social · 22/06/2025
How would you respond if your lab got destroyed by a missile? "I wish that a day will come very, very soon in which Iranian scientists and Israeli scientists will collaborate and work together and perform scientific research for the future of mankind." apnews.com/article/isra...
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Ed Hawkins @edhawkins.org · 20/06/2025
The largest number of climate stripes outfits in one place? @cycling4climate.bsky.social organise popular cycling and running events in the Netherlands for #ShowYourStripes day!
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Daniel Aldana Cohen @aldasky.bsky.social · 16/06/2025
Imagine being Hasret Icsen. You pay $1,015/month for a 3-bedroom apartment in a green, mixed-income building full of amenities. When you touch your home, you're touching climate progress. This is Vienna's green social housing. As @NPR explains, we could do it here www.npr.org/2025/06/15/n...
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Sean Carroll @seanmcarroll.bsky.social · 09/06/2025
I would love to think that everyone has known for a long time that LLMs aren't going to lead to "general intelligence," but all the evidence suggests there are plenty of people who resist this, so it's good to have a paper from researchers Apple making the point strongly.
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Douglas Natelson @nanoscaleviews.bsky.social · 07/06/2025
🧪⚛️ There is a serious disagreement btw experiment and theory in understanding the ionization energy of a particularly excited state of helium. This is one to watch, though caution is always advised, as anomalies like this historically tend to go away. nanoscale.blogspot.com/2025/06/a-pr...
nanoscale.blogspot.com
A precision measurement science mystery - new physics or incomplete calculations?
Again, as a distraction from persistently concerning news, here is a science mystery of which I was previously unaware. The role of approxim...
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 04/06/2025
New results! Visualizing strongly focused 3D light fields in an atomic vapor arxiv.org/abs/2506.01680 Performed with colleagues at @durhamqlm.bsky.social and @sonjafrankearnold.bsky.social Atoms, lasers, magnets and shaped light! 🧪 #physics ⚛️ #optics 💡
A complicated figure showing 10 different beams varying from azimuthal to radial polarization. There are also atomic spectra showing that the depth of certain features strongly correlates with the degree of radiality.
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Jacopo Bertolotti @jacopobertolotti.com · 27/05/2025
#PhysicsFactlet A Shack-Hartmann sensor is a simple and widely used device to measure the phase profile of a wavefront (aka "where the light is coming from"). A mini 🧵 1/ #Optics #Physics
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Helen Czerski @helenczerski.bsky.social · 26/05/2025
The "Copernican Revolution" - the shift away from thinking that Earth sits at the centre of the universe - took ~200 years. Darwin's The Descent of Man was published in 1871. When will we complete the next revolution - of realising that we're bit players in nature even on Earth? Fig: Bar-On, 2018
Plot from Bar-On 2018, showing the partition of global biomass between all groups of life. Examples: Plants 450 Gt, bacteria 70Gt, humans 0.06Gt, wild mammals 0.007 Gt of carbon.
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Martin Bauer @martinmbauer.bsky.social · 25/05/2025
Even if you don't care one bit about scientific research, it's important to recognise the value of publicly funding people working on very hard problems and training bright young minds on how to solve them.
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Quantum Light and Matter at Durham University @durhamqlm.bsky.social · 03/05/2025
On Friday 2nd May we held an event to celebrate 30 years since forming the experimental side of the QLM research section and former head of section @etotheipiequals.bsky.social special birthday. Here current head of section @ifanghughes.bsky.social is seen congratulating him.
Professor Ifan Hughes, head of the Quantum Light and Matter research section, congratulating Professor Stuart Adams, former head of section. The screen in the background says "30 years of experimental QLM & C S Adams" with a picture of a diamond.
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C Stuart Adams @etotheipiequals.bsky.social · 09/04/2025
Discussion on the philosophy behind our recent book on quantum optics. m.youtube.com/watch?v=9k5n...
m.youtube.com
Quantum Optics interview with Nikola Šibalić
YouTube video by IOP Publishing
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Nereide @drnereide.bsky.social · 21/03/2025
1/2 21 March 1768: mathematician and physicist Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier was born. "The profound study of nature is the most fruitful source of mathematical discoveries." — Joseph Fourier A biography➡️ mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/... 🧪 ⚛️ #mathematicians #histsci
This image shows a Fourier's portrait, circa 1823.
Artist: Amédée Félix Barthélemy Geille 
Licensing: public domainThis image shows the title page of the book "Théorie analytique de la chaleur"(The Analytical Theory of Heat), 1888.
Licensing: public domain
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 16/03/2025
This is the last week of Fourier Optics course. We started with Fourier and his idea of building every function from plane waves. We saw some spatial filtering, temporal and spatial coherence, and discussed recent Nobel Prizes in physics. Quite a journey! 🧪 #physics ⚛️ #optics 💡 #iTeachPhysics 🎢
A high-pass filtered image of Fourier.
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 09/03/2025
In this week's Fourier Optics course we consider the propagation and focusing of laser beams. 🧪 #physics ⚛️ #optics 💡 #iTeachPhysics 🎢
Two figures. On the left a gaussian profile as a function of position. On the right an intensity map of a gaussian laser beam as it is focussed.
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Anton Akhmerov @antonakhmerov.org · 03/03/2025
A common sin of scientific reporting is overstating the impact of research. It is always harmful when someone promises to solve the climate change with a quantum computer. The Microsoft press release news.microsoft.com/source/featu..., however, is especially cynical and bad. 1/2
news.microsoft.com
Microsoft’s Majorana 1 chip carves new path for quantum computing - Source
Majorana 1, the first quantum chip powered by a new Topological Core architecture
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 02/03/2025
This week's Fourier Optics course features coherence (temporal and spatial). My favourite image (@etotheipiequals.bsky.social) to illustrate these concepts is Young's double slits with white light. 🧪 #physics ⚛️ #optics 💡 #iTeachPhysics 🎢
A very colourful image. It depicts Young's double slit experiment, with white-light illumination. To the left light is seen to diffract through the two slits. On the right the interference patterns emerges. In the centre there are one or two white and black fringes; the other ones get more colourful, with red on the outside and blue on the inside.
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 23/02/2025
This week's Fourier Optics course features time-dependent optical phenomena: slow light & fast light. We exploit the variation of refractive index close to an atomic resonance. From Chapter 7 of #opticsf2f written with colleague @etotheipiequals.bsky.social 🧪 #physics ⚛️ #optics 💡 #iTeachPhysics 🎢
An image of white light entering a prism, and different colours emerging at different angles, in the classic ROYGBIV pattern.
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 16/02/2025
In this week’s Fourier Optics course we shall be looking at optical phenomena in the time domain. Rather than looking at monochromatic light diffracting at different angles, we consider different colours propagating along the optical axis. 🧪 #physics ⚛️ #optics 💡 #iTeachPhysics 🎢
An image with different coloured arrows of different length all aligned horizontally. The Fourier transform from time to angular frequency is written in two integrals. An image with arrows of the same colour and length inclined at different angles with respect to the horizontal. The Fourier transform from position to spatial frequency is written in two integrals.
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Stephen Gruppetta @stephengruppetta.com · 09/02/2025
Approaching the 2-year mark. The collection of articles is about 100 now, most of them detailed long-form articles If you're interested in Python, do have a look. I'm quite proud of the collection and it humbles me that so many read it regularly And it's free… www.thepythoncodingstack.com
thepythoncodingstack.com
The Python Coding Stack | Stephen Gruppetta | Substack
I write the articles I wish I had when I was learning Python programming I learn through narratives, stories. And I communicate in the same way, with a friendly and relaxed tone, clear and accessible...
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 09/02/2025
‪In this week’s Fourier Optics course we shall be looking at one of the key concepts of Fourier optics – how a lens performs a Fourier transform. The importance of f to f is explained. 🧪 #physics ⚛️ #optics 💡 #iTeachPhysics 🎢
The front cover of the textbook "Optics f2f: from Fourier to Fresnel". Authors Charles S. Adams, and Ifan G. Hughes. Published by Oxford University Press.
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 02/02/2025
In this week’s Fourier Optics course we shall be looking at diffraction from 2D apertures. A quiz to test your understanding of the array theorem. Can you match the apertures to their Fraunhofer diffraction patterns? 🧪 #physics ⚛️ #optics 💡 #iTeachPhysics 🎢
 four by six array of images. The top two rows are labelled A, B, ... L. Each image is of a collection of simple shapes, such as four identical circles displaced uniformly horizontally.  The lower two rows are Fourier intensity diffraction patterns, labelled 1, 2, ... 12.
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Stephen Gruppetta @stephengruppetta.com · 26/01/2025
I did try to merge my current work with my past one once or twice. Indeed, this is by far the most wide-read of anything I’ve ever written, in large part because Google places it highly for many searches and several Universities use it as recommended reading thepythoncodingbook.com/2021/08/30/2...
thepythoncodingbook.com
2D Fourier transform in Python: Create any image using only sine functions
Any image is made up of only sine functions. In this article I'll convince you of this fact by using the 2D Fourier transform in Python
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 19/01/2025
You can make movies showing the evolution of the diffracted field as done by @jacopobertolotti.com in this #PhysicsFactlet bsky.app/profile/jaco...
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 19/01/2025
In this week’s Fourier Optics course we shall be looking at diffraction. The central idea is: decompose an arbitrary light distribution in one plane into a sum of plane waves with Fourier transform to solve the Helmholtz equation for light propagation. 🧪 #physics ⚛️ #optics 💡 #iTeachPhysics 🎢
Two mathematical definitions: those of the Fourier transform of a two dimensional function; and that of the inverse Fourier transform.
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 12/01/2025
All the material for the Fourier Optics course this term is from set text #opticsf2f co-authored with colleague @etotheipiequals.bsky.social global.oup.com/academic/pro... Part of the PHYS3721 Modern Atomic and Optical Physics 3 module taught at Durham Physics.
The front cover of the textbook "Optics f2f: from Fourier to Fresnel". Authors Charles S. Adams, and Ifan G. Hughes. Published by Oxford University Press.
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Andrew Mueller @sansseriff.bsky.social · 22/12/2024
Have your @matplotlib.bsky.social plots ever looked a little fuzzy or low-res in @projectjupyter.bsky.social notebooks? Try configuring matplotlib for retina displays with this command 🧪 %config InlineBackend.figure_format = 'retina'
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Dulwich Quantum Computing @dulwichquantum.bsky.social · 18/12/2024
Have to admit that this is very cool. arxiv.org/abs/2412.13164 It's time to dump your quantum stocks and buy shares in companies that make mattresses or any other kinds of springs or pendulums! Harmonic oscillators are soon going to fly off the shelves like NVIDIA cards!
arxiv.org
Factoring an integer with three oscillators and a qubit
A common starting point of traditional quantum algorithm design is the notion of a universal quantum computer with a scalable number of qubits. This convenient abstraction mirrors classical computatio...
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Ariel Levenson @ariel-l.bsky.social · 18/12/2024
Knock ! Knock ! My first post "The choice of problems is the primary determinant of what one accomplishes in science" John J. Hopfield Nobel Prize lecture...
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Peter Geoghegan @petergeoghegan.bsky.social · 12/12/2024
An amazing 7882 people have now filled in Democracy for Sale's survey about money in politics. Can we make it 8,000?? democracyforsale.co.uk/safeguard Thanks!
democracyforsale.co.uk
Democracy For Sale - Safeguard Democracy
A survey to make a people-powered plan to safeguard Britain's democracy from leading investigative journalists who write about lobbying and dark money
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LENS Quantum Gases @lensqgases.bsky.social · 29/11/2024
Why just one MOT when you can have two? In Chromium-Lithium lab 6Li and 53Cr are captured in Magneto Optical Traps (MOT). Both are fermionic isotopes, and they are combined to investigate the physics of #ultracold fermionic mixtures. More on #CrLi team: quantumgases.lens.unifi.it/exp/crli
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John Dudley @johnmdudley.bsky.social · 16/11/2024
Since Steven Strogatz now has a special chapter on the Kuramoto model, this seems like a good time to retweet my movie of 4 metronomes synchronizing! Pantaleone's derivation of the Kuramoto model from the mechanics of the system is here: pubs.aip.org/aapt/ajp/art...
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Ifan Hughes @ifanghughes.bsky.social · 10/11/2024
Very much looking forward to the Rochester lecture later this month. #physics #optics 🧪💡
An image advertising the Rochester lecture given by Anne L'Huillier at the department of physics, Durham University. 27 November 2024.
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Glen Peters @glenpeters.bsky.social · 26/04/2024
To keep below 1.5°C, with a 50-50 chance, would require global CO2 emissions to be zero in ~2038 (orange line). The other scenarios (blue) overshoot to ~1.6°C before going back <1.5°C in 2100 (& they start with a global carbon price in 2020). 1/
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