Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 29 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41582-026-01239-2Adaptive deep brain stimulation (DBS) promises to revolutionize the treatment of Parkinson disease with neuromodulation, and regulatory approval has enabled its use in clinical practice. This Clinical Outlook considers the principles behind adaptive DBS, current clinical recommendations and practical considerations in its implementation, as well as remaining challenges.

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UCL is consistently ranked as one of the top ten universities in the world (QS World University Rankings 2010-2022) and is No.2 in the UK for research power (Research Excellence Framework 2021).

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Behavioural experiments in mice demonstrate that GABAergic (γ-aminobutyric acid-expressing), glutamatergic and serotonergic neurons in the median raphe nucleus have distinct and complementary function...

UCL is consistently ranked as one of the top ten universities in the world (QS World University Rankings 2010-2022) and is No.2 in the UK for research power (Research Excellence Framework 2021).

Competing for resources in dynamic social environments is fundamental for survival, and requires continuous monitoring of both 'self' and 'others' to guide effective choices. Yet our understanding of ...