Niels Kaj Jerne has proposed the "immune network theory" of interactions among anti-idiotypic antibodies, able to interfere with humoral responses to certain antigens. After the occurrence of the primary generation of antibodies, against an antigenic epitope, idiotypes of these antibodies induce ant …

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) transmit visual information from the eye to the brain. In mice, several RGC types show nonuniform spatial distributio...

Cyclic transcription is a hallmark of the cell cycle. While transcriptional waves in eukaryotes are driven by oscillations in cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity, many archaea have an ordered cell ...

Biomolecular condensates are membraneless compartments that organize biochemical processes in cells. In contrast to well-understood mechanisms describing how condensates form and dissolve, the princip...

The mammalian cell nucleus displays a distinct spatial segregation of active euchromatic from inactive heterochromatic genomic regions1,2. In conventional nuclei, microscopy shows that euchromatin is ...

Cell migration through narrow constrictions during cancer metastasis significantly deforms the nucleus, creating mechanical stress on chromatin. Here, the authors reveal that such chromatin deformatio...

The history of sweet potato in the Pacific has long been an enigma. Archaeological, linguistic, and ethnobotanical data suggest that prehistoric hu...

Abstract. Unlike birds and mammals, many teleosts have homomorphic sex chromosomes, and changes in the chromosome carrying the sex-determining locus, terme

Abstract. The eutherian placenta exhibits rapid morphological evolution and is a hotspot for the emergence of reproductive incompatibilities between closel

X chromosome centromeric drive arising from X inactivation in primordial germ cells may underpin polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), oocyte aneuploidy, and menopause...

Abstract. Sex chromosomes of some closely related species are not homologous, and sex chromosome turnover is often attributed to mechanisms that involve li