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William Neal

@williamneal.eurosky.social
891 followers 6.1K following 1.3K posts

A self-taught software engineer (my next job was in fact cyber 🩰) l relocated to Brussels 🇬🇧🇪🇺 and between changing nappies, n̶o̶t̶ ̶l̶e̶a̶r̶n̶i̶n̶g̶ ̶f̶r̶e̶n̶c̶h̶, being woken up at strange hours, l spend time learning about heterodox economics. The usual caveats apply

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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 26/10/2026
Lol… l guess l now know how to get a cheap repost
Screen shot of feudalism bot, the account that reposted my previous post
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 26/10/2026
Screen shot of my edited post
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 08/10/2026
Noyer is one of those funny regular verbs in which the stem can change but still be considered a regular verb
Screenshot of chatbot: "A more natural, shorter version:
« Je vais noyer un chat dans un canal. » — I'm going to drown a cat in a canal.
If this is a real intention rather than a French exercise, please don't harm the cat.
















I like animals, and I am not a psychopath, so don't worry













Got it 😄 We're just practising French grammar and vocabulary. No worries!"
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 08/10/2026
The cat in question:
A picture of washing machine powder called “Le chat”
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 06/10/2026
They did a cover of Mr Brightside which was unexpected delight
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 10/08/2026
Sol finds one control it won't "route around"... sadly, it is its own token limit.
Screenshot of a codex message saying it won't route around its own token limit: "The generalized schedule is independently bit-exact across five real Laguna shapes, but
  the next DGX build request was rejected by the approval service because its usage limit
  was reached. I won’t route around that control. I can continue preparing the MMVQ
  implementation locally; once the approval quota is reset, I’ll need one fresh DGX
  approval to compile and run the exact committed snapshot."
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 24/06/2026
Gotta keep pumping those heat acclimation numbers!
Garmin heat acclimation score, increased from 18% to 42% today
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 19/06/2026
Had this photo hanging about on my phone for a while know. Seems like a good time as any to finally post it
Photo of French Taco store in honour of Trump signing peace agreement Versailles
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 25/05/2026
This (queen?) Bumble Bee has several uninvited hitchhikers
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 19/05/2026
May must be the best time to do the West Highland Way. The bluebells are breathtaking
Photo of white bluebell surrounded by regular bluebells
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 24/04/2026
Todays lead in the Financial Times
Photo of FT headline “US accuses China of industrial scale theft from AI labs in tech arms race”
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 21/01/2026
Escaped the fog and the dankness by visiting the “pagan wall” near Mont Sainte-Odile. On our return we passed jubilant farmers slowly leaving Strasbourg
Photo of a section of the pagan wallPhoto of a rock scared by grooves from a possibly pre-Roman quarryPhoto looking out from near Mont Sainte-Odile. Strasbourg buried in the low cloud
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 21/01/2026
Sure Greenland looks big on a map but it is also strategically placed for the GIUK gap publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm5803/cm...
image of the Greenland-Iceland-UK gap. Played a key role cold war planning to keep sea lanes open to supply Europe in event of war.
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 19/01/2026
from humping turtles to jumping humpback whales...
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 13/01/2026
Don’t think this section will win any beauty awards
A section of HS2 being built in Brum
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 11/01/2026
Baby Green Turtles emerging from their nest
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 10/01/2026
I call your door and raise you a house!
A famous Brussels house that l forgot the name of. It has very nice ironworks, with a slightly off centre stairs and a circular window on the top floor.
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 04/01/2026
Ah yes one big happy planet, l prefer the version of the planet where we settle disputes with bath towels instead of snatch squads
Photo of sign in hotel bathroom saying “One Big Happy Planet”
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 28/12/2025
Here she is preparing the nest to lay her eggs
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 27/12/2025
In light of Green Turtles making a comeback, here are two turtles caught in the act off the coast of Marino Ballena National Park
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 23/12/2025
Butterfly landing to feed on the tree sap in the Autumn sun. From my holiday in Sardinia
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 18/12/2025
So I will instead look up citations that they use in their work. In taking the effort to do this, I like to think it helps me steelman their argument, and help to reassure me that I am not grasping the wrong end of the stick. Citation in the first screenshot (in the alt text).
The screenshot continues: “...consumed by households or the government or exported.6 It includes unspecified components of both productive (desired) and unproductive (undesired) investment.7 6. Idp = I* + Î, where: I* = productive investment (including reasonable and expected failure rates due to normal risks). Î = unproductive or “undesired” investment (yielding unexpected and large losses). Î can include unwanted and unsold inventory (the Keynesian convention) or underutilized capacity. These were created in the expectation of profit, but are not profitable ex post because of insufficient aggregate demand. When producers and investors realize this, they will reduce output. Thus, we rewrite the Savings Investment Identity (Equation 3): 3’. (Sd – Id)p – (G – T) = K  Sdp – (G – T) – K = Idp = I* + Î (Saving-Investment Identity) and distinguish it from the Savings-Investment Equilibrium Condition: 7. Sdp – (G – T) – K = 𝑒 I* (Saving-Investment Equilibrium Condition). 7’. If Sdp – (G – T) – K > I*, the economy contracts until equilibrium is restored. 7’’. If Sdp – (G – T) – K < I*, the economy expands until equilibrium is restored. ”
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 18/12/2025
When engaging critically with a thinker, I try to reconstruct their argument. If I am uncertain about something, I might read more of their work or make an effort to contact the author for clarification. Sometimes the author doesn’t respond to inquiries from random men on the internet.
So this is from a paper by Kenneth Austin found here: https://www.paecon.net/PAEReview/issue90/AustinK90.pdf. 

He does sometimes reply to inquiries from random men from the internet. It contains all the things that wind you up about Pettis but presented in a more formalised manner. 

Not once, as far as I am aware, is this paper cited by Pettis. However, another of his is cited as inspiration behind TWACW, and he latterly goes on to write a joint paper with Pettis. I credit his influence with K&P Hobsian turn of TWACW.  

The screenshot says: “The Unidirectionality Error is associated with another common misinterpretation of the Savings-Investment Identity (Equation 3). The Savings-Investment Identity (Equation 3) is not the same thing as the Savings-Investment Equilibrium Condition, although the two are often conflated. The Saving-Investment Identity is always true in a tautological sense. It is a logical identity due to one definition of investment: Investment is domestic output that is not domestically… ”
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 10/12/2025
Screenshot from this article www.ft.com/content/df3a...
Graph showing behaviour of SOFR vs IORB vs ON RRP, possibly indicating that reserves might not be so ample
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 11/06/2025
#TechSky #GitHub I have set up a Github Action to make a deployment that uses a manual trigger. 'Use workflow from' doesn't seem to do very much. If I change the branch from the default, it does not let me run the action. What am I missing here? What is its purpose?
Screenshot showing a Github Action with a manual trigger. The first dropdown is "Use workflow from" and it doesn't seem to do very much. What is its purpose? What am I missing?
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 25/05/2025
Post race snaps now on my fridge ❤️ (Alongside fridge magnets from various places)
Post race picture of me with a subset of team WindEurope affixed on my fridge
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 25/05/2025
Me at the starting line of #Brussels20km. The weather was cloudy and it started raining not long after this shot. The sun said hello later on, and my face got a bit fried.
Me at the starting line of Brussels 20k. The weather is cloudy and it started raining not long after this shot. The sun said hello later on.
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 05/05/2025
Beautiful. I’ll trade you a photo of some Bluebells in Hallerbos forest Belgium
Bluebells in Hallerbos forest in Belgium
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 18/04/2025
Here is a beautiful peacock. From behind.
A photo of a peacock. From behind.
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 18/04/2025
Saw some Pigeon Chickens at a farm today. One of them was sitting on some eggs.
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 16/04/2025
I also have an appreciation of this
Quasi-EM vs use of Kwasi-EM in an article
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 27/03/2025
This paper looks at the impact on real wages that might also be of interest (h/t @sandertordoir.bsky.social) www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/2939...
Chart showing impact of tariffs on welfare. Canada and Mexico fair much worse.
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 14/03/2025
Chaos at HM Passport Office in London as system outage means people can’t collect their passports. Apparently it is a national outage.
Long queue of frustrated people
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 04/03/2025
This big! I had the same one when l was young’un. It has a sliding mechanism that enables you to “cut” the bubble. It comes with some special bubble mix for extra big bubbles.
Photo on the back of the packaging showing a long bubble being formed by girl playing with the bubble wand thing
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 24/01/2025
A photo of a bridge taken from a bridge suspended above Montmorency Falls near Quebec City
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 19/01/2025
I adore the Art Nouveau buildings of #Brussels. Check out that ironwork!
A picture of a skinny but tall Brussel’s house with flowing lines
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 19/01/2025
😲⚰️☁️😇
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 18/01/2025
Feeling blessed 🥹
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 22/12/2024
Today In a restaurant in the mountains in Mariazell, Austria, l spied a front of house robot ‘assisting’ two overworked staff…
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William Neal @williamneal.eurosky.social · 10/12/2024
@sheeraf.bsky.social here is my first attempt at painting a mug!
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