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Ethan Siegel

@startswithabang.bsky.social
6.1K followers 904 following 1.7K posts

Cosmologist, science communicator, author, speaker, and longtime writer of Starts With A Bang. Not the next Carl Sagan; the first Ethan Siegel.

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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 3h
Clawing its way to the TOP!
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 10h
IceCube, high-energy neutrinos, and Francis Halzen win 2026’s Physics Nobel A deep dive on the history and development of high-energy neutrino astrophysics. Francis Halzen thoroughly deserves to be physics' first solo Nobel Laureate since 1992! bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #physics #astro
bigthink.com
IceCube, high-energy neutrinos, and Francis Halzen win 2026's Physics Nobel
Back in 1988, Francis Halzen had what he called a "cute idea." His vision grew into the IceCube observatory, and earns the 2026 Nobel Prize.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 06/10/2026
Pure sulfur discovered on Mars, making Martian concrete possible 10 years ago, the recipe for making effective concrete with Martian sand was discovered. The key ingredient: molten elemental sulfur. Guess what the Curiosity rover just found? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #mars #astro
bigthink.com
Pure sulfur discovered on Mars, making Martian concrete possible
Strong, durable Martian concrete needs a mix of small-grained Martian sand and pure sulfur. NASA found the ingredients are already there.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 05/10/2026
Is Olympus Mons really the Solar System’s highest mountain? Olympus Mons is notorious for being the highest mountain, base-to-peak, in the Solar System. But Vesta's Rheasilvia may yet be larger, and many other planetary candidates remain unexplored. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro
bigthink.com
Is Olympus Mons really the Solar System's highest mountain?
From base to tip, Mars's Olympus Mons is the highest known mountain in the Solar System. Evidence suggests a higher one could be out there.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 02/10/2026
Ask Ethan: Do evaporating black holes ever lose their event horizons? When black holes evaporate, their event horizons shrink. If those horizons get small enough, could they possibly reveal some object other than a singularity at their cores? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #physics
bigthink.com
Ask Ethan: Do evaporating black holes ever lose their event horizons?
From Hawking radiation, even black holes are expected to eventually decay. Do they ever reach a point where we'll see what's inside of them?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 01/10/2026
Quantum fields carry energy. Does that prove that they’re real? In quantum physics, we often argue over "what is real?" Is the wavefunction? Are eigenstates? Quantum fields have a compelling argument for their reality: they carry energy. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #physics #quantum #energy
bigthink.com
Quantum fields carry energy. Does that prove that they're real?
Are quantum fields real, or a mere calculational tool? 3 unique experiments show they carry energy. If energy's real, so are quantum fields.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 30/09/2026
I don't think this, in and of itself, will lead to anything profound. But if we can go to higher loop order in QED, we can test the standard model more precisely. Remember the muon g-2 experiment? This could improve the electron g-2 constraints, already the most stringent on the standard model.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 30/09/2026
AI makes its first meaningful breakthrough in theoretical physics LLM-based AI just computed a specific nine-loop order calculation in theoretical physics: going well beyond what humans, alone, could do. May we hope that QED loops are next! bigthink.com/starts-with-... #physics #theory #llm #AI
bigthink.com
AI makes its first meaningful breakthrough in theoretical physics
Making more complicated, more precise predictive calculations tells us what real experiments should deliver. AI just surpassed humans at it.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 29/09/2026
A revolution has come in the first of the Big Bang’s 4 cornerstones The earliest of the Big Bang's four cornerstones is nucleosynthesis: the primeval creation of the light elements. It has now entered the era of precision cosmology, too: to 0.5%! bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #cosmo
bigthink.com
A revolution has come in the first of the Big Bang's 4 cornerstones
The expanding Universe, CMB, and large-scale structure revealed the Big Bang. New nucleosynthesis advances deliver unprecedented precision.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 28/09/2026
18 pictures show how profoundly large our cosmos is From planet Earth to the inflationary multiverse, our conception of the Universe spans an enormous range of cosmic scales. This photo tour takes us from here to eternity. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #physics #space #cosmology #multiverse
bigthink.com
18 pictures show how profoundly large our cosmos is
The observable Universe is 92 billion light-years in diameter. These pictures put just how large that is in perspective.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 25/09/2026
Ask Ethan: If intelligent alien life exists, will we make contact? In the quest to find alien life, sure, luck plays a role in terms of how common it is. But just as important, and vastly underrated, is how much we invest in the endeavor. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #aliens #SETI
bigthink.com
Ask Ethan: If intelligent alien life exists, will we make contact?
We strongly suspect we aren't alone in the Universe, but so far, we haven't found anyone. What determines when we'll finally make contact?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 24/09/2026
“Donnie Darko” offers a time travel lesson you won’t find elsewhere The movie "Donnie Darko" first came out 25 years ago. How does the time travel in the story stack up against what physics actually understands? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #physics #timetravel #movies
bigthink.com
"Donnie Darko" offers a time travel lesson you won't find elsewhere
Most time travel stories involve changing the past to create a better future. Donnie Darko subverts that expectation, and a whole lot more.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 23/09/2026
Depends. How do you feel doing service for the Nazi Science Foundation if you can help some of the "science" part while ignoring the rest of the "Nazi" part?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 23/09/2026
The Higgs boson’s most important puzzle remains unsolved We've found the Higgs boson, measured its mass, and confirmed the Standard Model. But does the Higgs field have a 1st or 2nd order phase transition? The origin of matter depends on it bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #physics #higgs
bigthink.com
The Higgs boson's most important puzzle remains unsolved
Predicted back in the 1960s, 2012's discovery of the Higgs boson completed the Standard Model. But the biggest Higgs puzzle still persists.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 22/09/2026
I mean, all of this is subjective, and the answer to "what was the greatest..." or "who was the greatest..." has no better one than what Kareem Abdul-Jabbar gave when asked about the basketball GOAT: "We'll never know." But without Einstein and GR, we may only have ever reached EFTs for gravity.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 22/09/2026
This discovery is why Einstein was history’s greatest physicist Einstein made a whole lot of discoveries in his life, with many others very close to many of his breakthroughs. But without Einstein, General Relativity may never have come about at all. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro
bigthink.com
This discovery is why Einstein was history's greatest physicist
Although many of Einstein's papers revolutionized physics, there's one Einsteinian advance, generally, that towers over all the rest.
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Reposted by Ethan Siegel
CosmicRami 🏳️‍🌈🏳️‍⚧️ @rami.spaceaustralia.com · 21/09/2026
Really neat, visually pleasing coverage from @startswithabang.bsky.social on our PSR J0437-4715 profile change paper! To give you an idea of how stable this ‘cosmic clock’ is: researchers found it to be accurate to one part in 10¹⁵ 🤯 Now, we’re starting to see its stable pulse profile changing!
bigthink.com
Most accurate cosmic clocks show unexpected instability
Millisecond pulsars are the Universe's most accurate natural clocks. A pulse change, thought rare, just occurred twice in the closest one.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 21/09/2026
Thanks also to your collaborator Marcus Lower, who saw me conflate (before correcting it while you were asleep) the processes of "glitch" and "pulse profile change." They are well-separated in the article as-is now!
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 21/09/2026
Most accurate cosmic clocks show unexpected instability Millisecond pulsars are the Universe's most accurate natural clocks. Not only do they glitch, changing their period, but their pulse profiles change. By quite a lot, too. #space bigthink.com/starts-with-... Cc: @rami.spaceaustralia.com!
bigthink.com
Most accurate cosmic clocks show unexpected instability
Millisecond pulsars are the Universe's most accurate natural clocks. A pulse change, thought rare, just occurred twice in the closest one.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 18/09/2026
Ask Ethan: How did atoms come to be? The Universe made more quarks than antiquarks, hadronized, created protons and neutrons (plus an electron asymmetry), and underwent nucleosynthesis before making atoms. Did it have to? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #physics #space #astro #atoms
bigthink.com
Ask Ethan: How did atoms come to be?
From a primordial soup of particles, atoms eventually emerged. What happened to make it so, and could things have worked out any other way?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 17/09/2026
Do gravitational waves show evidence of wave-particle duality? All particles, both fundamental and composite, exhibit wave-particle duality at some level. If gravitational waves do, too, then gravity can be proven to be quantum in nature. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #gravity
bigthink.com
Do gravitational waves show evidence of wave-particle duality?
All matter particles can act as waves, and massless light waves show particle-like behavior. Can gravitational waves also be particle-like?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
The information paradox at the heart of every black hole Einstein's general relativity gives us black holes with zero entropy. That can't be right, according to quantum physics. How will the black hole information paradox be resolved? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #physics #astro #math #blackhole
bigthink.com
The information paradox at the heart of every black hole
The matter that creates black holes won't be what comes out when they evaporate. Will the black hole information paradox ever be solved?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 15/09/2026
One blip isn’t enough to declare “dark matter has been detected” The LUX-ZEPLIN dark matter candidate event is the most interesting experimental physics result in years. But one event does not a detection make. Just ask Blas Cabrera about 1982. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #physics #particle
bigthink.com
One blip isn't enough to declare "dark matter has been detected"
In 1982, an experiment showed unprecedented evidence for exotic matter: magnetic monopoles. But without reproducibility, it didn't hold up.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 15/09/2026
Congratulations to Emily Levesque on becoming the new AAS journals editor-in-chief! Emily succeeds Ethan Vishniac, who is awesome and did a wonderful job. Emily is also awesome and I'm sure will also do a wonderful job! Great choices by AAS! aas.org/press/emily-...
aas.org
Emily Levesque Named Next Editor in Chief of AAS Journals | American Astronomical Society
Emily Levesque (University of Washington) has been named the next Editor in Chief of the prestigious suite of AAS journals, beginning her term in August 2027.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 14/09/2026
Only four days each year are actually 24 hours long "The day is 24 hours long" is something we all say, but however you measure it, it's only precisely true for four days out of the year. Planetary motion is complicated! bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #time #physics
bigthink.com
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 12/09/2026
Ask Ethan: Do white holes, the opposite of black holes, physically exist? Black holes definitively exist, and hundreds have now been directly detected. Mathematically, white holes are just as permissible. So where are they? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #blackholes #spacetime
bigthink.com
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 10/09/2026
Does the expanding Universe stretch space or create new space? The Universe expands. Does that mean space itself is stretching, that new space is getting created, or some other option for which our conventional understanding breaks down? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #physics #astro #cosmo
bigthink.com
Does the expanding Universe stretch space or create new space?
The evidence that the Universe is expanding is overwhelming. But how? By stretching the existing space, or by creating new space itself?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 09/09/2026
Can we be certain that time really exists? Some claim that time is merely a persistent illusion. But there are good reasons, physically, to believe that it really does exist in a meaningful way. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #time #physics #astro
bigthink.com
Can we be certain that time really exists?
We experience time as real. But what if it's only an illusion: an illusion that's inherently relative? Does time fundamentally even exist?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 08/09/2026
This physics trick allows you to beat the speed of light The speed of light in a vacuum is the ultimate speed limit for any information-carrying signal through spacetime. But not everything is a vacuum, and that's the key to defeating it! bigthink.com/starts-with-... #physics #light #einstein
bigthink.com
This physics trick allows you to beat the speed of light
There's a speed limit to the Universe: the speed of light in a vacuum. But you can beat the speed of light. Just travel through a medium!
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 08/09/2026
It's hard to believe, but the 60th anniversary of Star Trek is upon us! In honor of that, I just did an interview with Kieran Mulvaney about Star Trek, Technology, and hope. Here in 2026, it's the message we need to heed more than ever. www.history.com/articles/inv...
history.com
5 Inventions Influenced by ‘Star Trek’ | HISTORY
These real inventions and technologies take cues from what the “Star Trek” franchise imagined onscreen.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 08/09/2026
The few benign ones are of the "you're missing out" variety. Most get angry: either because you told them what was true, or because you didn't respond and _how dare you_ be so rude! Some of them escalate to what I can only gently describe as "threats" of some type. Many are quite unsettling.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 07/09/2026
The “perfect cosmological principle” isn’t true for our Universe On the largest scales, the Universe is the same everywhere in space. Could it also be the same everywhere in time? That's the Perfect Cosmological Principle: fascinating, but untrue. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro
bigthink.com
The "perfect cosmological principle" isn't true for our Universe
Generations ago, cosmologists asserted that the Universe might not just be the same in all directions, but at all times. But is that true?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 07/09/2026
Lucky you. My experience is the opposite, and the ones I get more frequently come with a heightened sense of entitlement to "seeing the beauty and power of their ways" than ever before.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 05/09/2026
New podcast! Starts With A Bang #133: The Milky Way's center All at once, the galactic center is the most evolved part of our galaxy, and also our window into its most primitive stages. Listen to Cara Battersby and I discuss this amazing place in space! bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro
bigthink.com
Starts With A Bang podcast #133 - The Milky Way's center
Today's Milky Way only forms stars slowly. Our galactic center, where the star-forming rate is highest, gives a unique window into our past.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 05/09/2026
Is it a bad thing to have an illusion shattered? It's hard when you're a teacher, and the illusion was the primary motivation.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 05/09/2026
The worst thing about the age of AI is how evident it's become that so many people have no interest in or passion for learning or understanding topics that have fascinated me my whole life. Who cares about "getting the right answer" if you don't know how to get there yourself?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 04/09/2026
Ask Ethan: Are there really charm quarks inside the proton? Everyone knows there are two up quarks and one down quark inside a proton. But when we smash things into them, we suddenly can find evidence for charm quarks inside them, too. bigthink.com/wp-content/u...
bigthink.com
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 03/09/2026
Why mirrors flip left-to-right but not up-and-down Wave at yourself in a mirror and the mirror's reflection waves back, but using the opposite hand from you. Mirrors swap left-and-right, but not up-and-down. Do you know why? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #physics #mirrors #light #optics
bigthink.com
Why mirrors flip left-to-right but not up-and-down
If you look into a mirror, you'll notice that left-and-right are reversed, but up-and-down is preserved. The reason isn't what you think.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 02/09/2026
Time is a fundamentally different type of dimension than space We have more than three dimensions in our Universe, because time (the fourth) is also one. But it has some fundamental differences from the spatial dimensions, and oh, do they matter. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #time #physics
bigthink.com
Time is a fundamentally different type of dimension than space
We live in a four-dimensional Universe, where matter and energy curve the fabric of spacetime. But time sure is different from space!
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 01/09/2026
Do we live inside a baby universe that’s really a black hole on the outside? Our Universe consists of everything we know of. But might it simply be the interior of a black hole that formed as part of a larger, grander structure than we can perceive? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #cosmology #astro
bigthink.com
Do we live inside a baby universe that's really a black hole on the outside?
The inside of every black hole leads to the birth of a new Universe. Could our Universe have arisen from one?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 31/08/2026
Yes, the Sun is a star, but it’s far from typical It's a remarkable scientific fact that our Sun is a star: just like all the ones we see in the night sky. But it's perhaps equally remarkable how atypical we are. Find out by how much! bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #sun #stars
bigthink.com
Yes, the Sun is a star, but it's far from typical
Most of us have heard that the Sun is an ordinary, typical, unremarkable star. But science shows we're actually anything but average.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 28/08/2026
Ask Ethan: Can someone possibly see the edge of spacetime? In all directions, the Universe goes on, almost perfectly uniform, as far as we can see. But if we had been born close to the edge of our hot Big Bang's bubble, what would the edge reveal? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #cosmo
bigthink.com
Ask Ethan: Can someone possibly see the edge of spacetime?
Our Big Bang could be just one region within an infinite, inflating multiverse. If we were born close to the cosmic edge, what would we see?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 27/08/2026
The act of measuring reality alters what you’ll observe The most annoying part of quantum mechanics is that masuring a system doesn't just "determine" its state, but alters the experimental outcome. The double slit setup reveals how. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #physics #quantum
bigthink.com
The act of measuring reality alters what you'll observe
The double-slit experiment, hundreds of years after it was first performed, still holds the key mystery at the heart of quantum physics.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 26/08/2026
The sky is blue. The ocean is, too. But the reasons why are very different. The sky is blue, and the oceans are blue. But the reason for each one is very different, and has nothing to do with "one reflecting the other" like you might've heard. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #physics #science #blue
bigthink.com
The sky is blue. The ocean is, too. But the reasons why are very different.
The sky and oceans are both blue. It's not because one reflects the other. Science explains them both, but for very different reasons.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 25/08/2026
Video: Largest-scale cosmic test ever favors dark matter over MOND If you can measure the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich from the CMB plus large-scale structure, you can test the law of gravity on giant cosmic scales. Who's right: Einstein or MOND? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #cosmology
bigthink.com
New video: Largest-scale cosmic test ever favors dark matter over MOND
There are two rival ideas to try and make sense of the Universe: dark matter or modified gravity. Can a new cosmic test settle the issue?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 25/08/2026
I made a video! www.youtube.com/watch?v=iz3R... What makes up the Universe? We know that normal matter alone, with Einstein's gravity, can't explain all we see. Is there a bunch of unseen mass: dark matter? Or must we modify the laws of gravity instead? This new test holds the key!
youtube.com
Largest-scale cosmic test ever favors Dark Matter over MOND
YouTube video by Ethan Siegel
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 24/08/2026
NASA’s Hubble opens the earliest window into the young Milky Way Studying our galactic center's globular clusters reveals evidence of the oldest merger in Milky Way history: 11.8 billion years ago. Hubble has now recovered our earliest relic ever. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #nasa #astro
bigthink.com
NASA’s Hubble opens the earliest window into the young Milky Way
The newest find recovers the earliest merger in galactic history: just 2 billion years after the Big Bang. Here’s what we know today.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 21/08/2026
Ask Ethan: Does uneven cosmic expansion change our fate? Recent evidence, although not yet a slam-dunk, claims our Universe is expanding differently in different directions. If that's true, what would that mean for our cosmic fate? bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #gravity #physics
bigthink.com
Ask Ethan: Does uneven cosmic expansion change our fate?
Recent evidence could indicate the Universe doesn't expand evenly. Does that change our expected fate: Big Rip, Big Crunch, or Heat Death?
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 20/08/2026
Earth’s oldest trees reveal history’s strongest solar storms The 1859 Carrington event was our first recorded example of a solar storm. But over 1000 years earlier, we've forensically identified even bigger ones: imprinted in ancient trees. bigthink.com/starts-with-... #space #astro #sun #trees
bigthink.com
Earth's oldest trees reveal history's strongest solar storms
1859's Carrington event gave us a preview of how catastrophic the Sun could be for humanity. But it could get even worse than we imagined.
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Ethan Siegel @startswithabang.bsky.social · 19/08/2026
Flying clocks in opposite directions around the world proved Einstein right If you fly a clock around the world, its time gets dilated. But if you fly 2 round-the-world clocks in opposite directions, they dilate differently from each other. Here's why. bigthink.com/starts-with-... $space $astro
bigthink.com
Flying clocks in opposite directions around the world proved Einstein right
Time isn't the same for everyone, even on Earth. Flying around the world gave Einstein the ultimate test. No one is immune from relativity.
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