The 2026 release of the Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas (SOCAT) marks a landmark moment for ocean carbon science — and for the TRICUSO project. With 44 million quality-controlled measurements now publicly ava...

Reconstruct monthly maps of global ocean surface pCO2 holistically with a resolution of 4  × 4 km using multigrained cascade forest Global ocean surface pCO2 is controlled mainly by sea surface t...

Net and anthropogenic CO2 exchange in the Pacific represents a major contribution to the global CO2 sink The Pacific is thought to have turned to a net sink of CO2 that is growing primarily due t...

Ocean carbon uptake is crucial to mitigate carbon emissions due to human activities. The internal variability in air-sea CO2 fluxes (FCO2) significantly affects the carbon budget assessment, especially in the tropical Pacific. However, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project fails to capture real-world interannual variability of FCO2, especially in the tropical Pacific. Based on observed sea surface temperature (SST) in the eastern tropical Pacific, the Pacific Ocean–Global Atmosphere (POGA) experiment reproduces real-world interannual variability in FCO2 consistent with observations in the tropical Pacific. The results show that this variability is dominated by El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events by Bjerknes feedback. Dynamic and thermodynamic decompositions further support the nonthermal processes that dominate the interannual variability of FCO2, with stronger upwelling bringing higher dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from the subsurface to the surface, increasing the FCO2, and vice versa for downwelling. However, the SST thermal effect is opposite in phase to FCO2 changes, partly offsetting the effects of dynamic processes. Using the observed SST, the POGA experiment also extends the FCO2 datasets to the 1930s, partially overcoming the limitation of observations, and helping us understand interannual to decadal variability and vertical physical processes.

An extremely randomized trees machine learning approach yields a global CO2 flux of −1.70 PgC yr−1 with a trend of −0.89 PgC yr−1 decade−1 The trend changes to −0.51 PgC yr−1 decade−1 when the ta...

Abstract. Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to bette...

The IOCCP promotes the development of a global network of ocean carbon observations for research through technical coordination and communication services, international agreements on standards and me...

From May to June 2021, the sea surface partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and air-sea CO2 fluxes around six coral reefs in the Great Bay Area (contain Pea…

We use observationally trained statistical models to obtain decadal predictions of ocean carbon flux from initialized GCM-based predictors The hybrid GCM-statistical ocean carbon flux predictions...

Marine heatwaves substantially affect local sea-air CO2 fluxes via oceanic pCO2 changes During MHWs, tropics decrease outgassing from lower dissolved inorganic carbon, while mid latitudes weaken ...

From 1985 to 2018, pCO2 products suggest a lower mean CO2 uptake (−0.36 ± 0.06 PgC yr−1) than ocean models (−0.47 ± 0.15 PgC yr−1) Since 2000, the CO2 uptake is increasing twice as fast in the pC...