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Paul Schwahn

@pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy
7 followers 0 following 150 posts

Sometimes I do differential geometry. [bridged from mathstodon.xyz/@pschwahn on the fediverse by fed.brid.gy ]

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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 14/09/2026
Update on the Lean formalization: it does compile! Now it is somewhat difficult to check the definitions, as they are spread out over many files and declarations. In particular for the definition of the Ricci tensor of a left-invariant metric (both given as 6×6-matrices) one has to carefully […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 13/09/2026
Even with the current situation where editors are struggling to find reviewers for their math journals, I still think that it's a good thing referees aren't remunerated or otherwise rewarded. Otherwise by now 99% of referee reports would be written by LLMs.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 09/09/2026
Up to dimension seven, compact (simply connected) homogeneous Einstein manifolds had been almost completely classified. The only remaining case was the six-dimensional Lie group S³×S³ ≅ SU(2)×SU(2). The Einstein equations for left-invariant metrics on S³×S³ are extremely messy algebraic […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 03/09/2026
@highergeometer It's not immediately obvious. I put the isotropy representation into LiE and made it compute the exterior square. But it should also follow from the fact that neither the vector nor the spinor representation of Spin(7) has an invariant complex structure.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 02/09/2026
@highergeometer Nice, good luck, let me know if you need any more invariant 2-forms. For example S¹⁵=Spin(9)/Spin(7) (with isotropy representation vector⊕spinor) doesn't have any.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 01/09/2026
@highergeometer Is this also about finding invariant 2-forms?
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 01/09/2026
@highergeometer Yes, that's one way to put it. Even simpler, you have a 4D invariant SU(2)-structure on ℂℙ², defined by a triple (or 2-sphere) of two-forms. (See e.g. Section 2 in: link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s…) Choosing a two-form (equivalently, a complex […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 31/08/2026
@highergeometer one can do the same computation as I did in another reply, replacing ℂ² with ℂⁿ. What changes for n≥3 is that Λ²ℂⁿ and its dual (in the complex category) are no longer trivial representations, but still irreducible. So the only SU(n)-invariant 2-form on ℂⁿ⊕ℝ is the standard (1 […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 31/08/2026
@highergeometer That's probably because many PDE problems have their own energy functional associated with it. The most important PDE on a Riemannian manifold is surely the eigenvalue problem for the Hodge-de Rham Laplacian, so that's what I think must be meant by *the* energy without additional […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 31/08/2026
@highergeometer are there several definitions? The one that comes to mind is E(α) = ∫ (|dα|² + |d*α|²) vol.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 29/08/2026
@highergeometer Why should the quotient not be taken seriously? Also I don't think the forms you are constructing are necessarily SU(n)-invariant (and therefore don't live on SU(n+1)/SU(n) but rather on SU(n+1)).
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 29/08/2026
@highergeometer the quotient you wrote in your MO question: \\(\ker\iota_{\lambda_8}/\mathrm{span}\\{\iota_{\lambda_8}\omega\\}\\)
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 29/08/2026
@highergeometer Yes, I think the condition ξ₄₅+ξ₆₇ =0 means that ξ is orthogonal to the fundamental 2-form (of type (1,1)) on ℂ²=ℝ⁴. Actually I think on S⁷ and higher, there are no other invariant 2-forms on ℂⁿ=ℝ²ⁿ, since (2,0)-forms on ℂⁿ are themselves a nontrivial irreducible representation […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 29/08/2026
@highergeometer I don't have a MO account, so I'll respond here. Those invariant forms on S⁵ (SU(2)-invariant elements in Λ²(ℂ²⊕ℝ)) that are killed by the invariant vertical vector field are the invariant *horizontal* two-forms on S⁵ (SU(2)-invariant elements in Λ²ℂ²). (Here we interpret ℂ² as […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 28/08/2026
The existence of a complex structure on S⁶ is now formalized in Lean. Measly 250k lines of code. So what do we do now? The formalization is even less comprehensible than the paper, mostly due to its length (in fact, the individual theorems are not the problem). Do we ask ChatGPT for summary […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 20/08/2026
Uhh.. what? I already paid a 285 EUR on my visa application. Why does asking questions cost money?
Screenshot from UK Visa and Immigration website. Queries cost 2.74 GBP.Screenshot from in person appointment booking website. All options (even the "free" ones) cost at least 93 EUR.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 20/08/2026
"A metric on 𝑆²×𝑆² with positive sectional curvature", by S. Brendle and P. K. Hung. Almost a hundred years ago, Hopf asked whether such a metric exists. Now they found one! arxiv.org/abs/2608.19068
arxiv.org
A metric on $S^2 \times S^2$ with positive sectional curvature
We construct a metric on $S^2 \times S^2$ with positive sectional curvature. Starting from the standard metric on $S^2 \times S^2$, we first perform a Cheeger deformation. The resulting metric has nonnegative sectional curvature. We refer to it as a Cheeger-Müter metric. We then consider a suitable third order perturbation of this Cheeger-Müter metric and show that the perturbed metrics have positive sectional curvature. The proof requires various calculations, some of which have been carried out with the help of MATHEMATICA. The MATHEMATICA code is attached to this submission.
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Nele Hirsch (eBildungslabor) @nele.wirksamen.social.ap.brid.gy · 19/08/2026
Ich bin immer noch auf Prokrastinieren und damit ich damit nicht allein bleibe teile ich die interaktive Online-Anwendung Eigendrum! 🙃 Man kann auf der Website beliebige Trommelformen zeichnen und dann anschlagen und lauschen. Im Hintergrund läuft keine KI, sondern eine mathematische Berechnung […]
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theHigherGeometer @highergeometer.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 19/08/2026
From arxiv.org/abs/2608.16066
Mathematicians are currently being instrumentalised in a large scale advertising campaign by AI companies competing for market monopoly. Public grant money is being paid to companies which then receive free advertising from us, often while showing little regard for our research priorities. More seriously, as part of this advertising campaign, some companies are pushing misinformation about the goals of mathematical research. This misinformation has the real potential to influence government funding decisions in a way that funnels money away from scientific goals, and towards private interests.

This advertising campaign has more serious collateral damage. Mathematics depends on a human research ecosystem which continually generates new problems and sustains the community capable of recognising and pursuing them. Human generated research problems are a scarce and essential part of this mathematical ecosystem. Conceptually incoherent and empirically unsupported rhetoric portraying mathematicians as replaceable threatens a pipeline of early career researchers already in precarious employment conditions. Damaging either undermines the infrastructure on which future mathematical progress depends.

While the author does want to be transparent about the use of computer assistance in the preparation of the current manuscript, he does not want to participate in this advertising campaign and contribute to this destruction of the commons. As such, the model and company name will remain absent from this manuscript, but are available upon request.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 17/08/2026
Interestingly, if we are on a compact Kähler-Einstein manifold with *negative* scalar curvature, there is an isomorphism between the infinitesimal Einstein deformations (IED) and the infinitesimal complex deformations (ICD)! Moreover it turns out that the Einstein integrability obstructions are […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 17/08/2026
Kähler manifolds are the elite among the complex manifolds. They possess a Riemannian metric that is not only compatible with the complex structure (i.e. Hermitian), but also view the complex structure as parallel (i.e. the Riemannian holonomy group is contained in U(n)). So the Kähler condition […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 27/07/2026
@highergeometer what's a subbound?
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 29/06/2026
@highergeometer Yes, I think there's only one possible way the U(1) can be in there. If we figure its weight on the complementary ℂ³ in 𝔰𝔲(3)⊕𝔰𝔲(3), one could write down a restriction matrix from 𝔰𝔲(3)⊕𝔰𝔲(3) to 𝔰𝔲(2)⊕𝔰𝔲(3)⊕𝔲(1), and then I could give you the U(1)-weight on all the summands I […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 29/06/2026
@highergeometer That's a possibility - above I used the intermediate Spin(9). Do we know how the group S(U(2)×U(3)) we're interested in sits inside the larger group (SU(3)×SU(3))/ℤ₂ ? If yes, this will nail down the action of the U(1)-factor.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 29/06/2026
@highergeometer I believe the same formula holds for the compact 𝔣₄, as its a subalgebra of its complexification. But there is another way to understand restrictions of Casimir operators to subalgebras, which I used in my paper on Lichnerowicz-Laplace eigenvalues on normal homogeneous spaces […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 26/06/2026
@tomkalei Gibt es LaTeX-Support, so wie auf mathstodon.xyz?
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 16/06/2026
UPDATE: Verbitsky has been released from prison and allowed to leave Armenia! meduza.io/en/news/2026/06/15/russia…
Misha being interviewed by a reporter in a parking lot.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 13/06/2026
I must add that I am not completely happy with the petition itself: the text reads somewhat generic, there is no call to action to the Brazilian authorities, and I don't like change.org. But I still found it worth sharing.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 13/06/2026
My colleague Misha Verbitsky over at IMPA, one of the top mathematicians of Brazil, is being detained in Armenia because Russia has designated him a terrorist after his comments on the war in Ukraine […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 05/06/2026
Two exciting preprints on the arXiv this week, both about Einstein metrics! P.-A. Nagy has worked out the third variation of the Ricci tensor with respect to the metric (a long-standing computational problem). This enables us to study third order deformations of Einstein metrics (for up to […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 02/06/2026
@highergeometer The group S(U(n)×U(m)) has universal cover SU(n)×SU(m)×ℝ, and looking at the fiber gives π₁≅ℤ, if I am not mistaken. From this it follows that π₂ of a complex Grassmannian is also ℤ. (Orientation isn't a sensible concept on a complex vector space, there's only one kind of […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 27/05/2026
@julesh lean isn't 7GB, the mathlib cache is
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 25/05/2026
poor 𝑆²×ℝ 😢
Example S² x R. This is the poorest geometry, since it concerns only two 3-manifolds,
that are S² x S¹ and its quotient by the involution (x, exp(i*t)) mapsto (-x, exp(-i*t)).
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 25/05/2026
I must admit that I never understood the theorem statement of geometrization of 3-manifolds: every (smooth, compact, connected, orientable) 3-manifold (with boundary a disjoint union of tori) "decomposes" into "geometric pieces". But what exactly does "decompose" mean here, what are the 8 […]
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Omar Antolín @oantolin.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 22/05/2026
I had never thought about the difference between matrices being conjugate via a matrix in G:=GL_n(F) or via a matrix in S:=SL_n(F). It turns out to depend on the determinants of matrices in the centralizer! More precisely, let both G and S act on S by conjugation. Each G-orbit is a disjoint of […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 21/04/2026
"G₂-structures as Octonion Algebras", by Isak Sundelius arxiv.org/abs/2604.15966 In this article G₂-structures on a 7-manifold 𝑀 are interpreted as octonion algebras over the ring of smooth functions on 𝑀! More precisely, the category of G₂-structures on 𝑀 is isomorphic to a full […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 05/04/2026
@dpiponi tldr: they found a pair of immersed 2-tori in ℝ³ that are related by a mean-curvature preserving isometry, but the immersions are not congruent. I think the math judge can let them off with a warning.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 01/04/2026
@dpiponi anything after The Settler's IV isn't worth your time. But until then it's bomb
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Michael Barany @mjb.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 15/03/2026
Because we care deeply about international mathematics and its mathematicians, we must recognize the threat to both that the upcoming ICM poses. Please read and consider signing: Move the 2026 ICM out of the United States […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 13/03/2026
@dpiponi "an open disk of radius" - radius what?
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 03/03/2026
@oantolin @highergeometer Fixed it!
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 02/03/2026
@highergeometer now I can't unsee it myself...
President Bush meme: his advisor is telling him "they made the isospectral drums", while he stares in shock
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 02/03/2026
They made the isospectral drums prismika.github.io/2026/03/01/we-ma…
prismika.github.io
We Made the Isospectral Drums and it Went… Fine
It’s usually the task of the modeler to make their assumptions fit the real world as closely as is practical. It was now our task to make a real-world drum that conformed to the modeling assumptions.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 20/02/2026
"The fundamental group of a spherical space form is not audible", by Mauro Colantonio and Emilio A. Lauret. A spherical space form is a complete Riemannian manifold of constant positive (sectional) curvature. The universal cover of a spherical space form is a round sphere (explaining the name) […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 05/02/2026
@oantolin I think it can be read both ways. But I am inclined to think the SMF is sending a deliberate message with this: There is no reason that French mathematicians would feel less safe than German ones, and I am sure that in any case one can find people for a delegation that want to go.
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 05/02/2026
@dougmerritt I just wish the European math societies were a bit more united on this...
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 05/02/2026
Unlike their French colleagues, the German Mathematical Union (DMV) will not boycott the ICM 2026, as I was informed via email. They refer to a statement of the local organizing committee. I take the liberty to take one line out of context: "Gathering in Philadelphia is not only an academic […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 30/01/2026
Life is going to hell in thousands of ways, but at least I got myself some nice drip from my university.
T-Shirt with the logo of Unicamp
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 28/01/2026
@johncarlosbaez @highergeometer Our original question was: is there an element h∈𝐻 such that h₁₂ preserves ℍ, while h₂₃ maps the complement of ℍ to ℍ? We can now try to answer that using the above identification and realization of Spin(8). To make it even easier, we can interpose the triality […]
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Paul Schwahn @pschwahn.mathstodon.xyz.ap.brid.gy · 28/01/2026
@johncarlosbaez @highergeometer Okay, here goes. Let's fix some notation: for any 𝑥∈𝕆 and (i,j)=(1,2),(2,3),(3,1), let ξᵢⱼ(𝑥) be the 3×3-matrix with entry 𝑥 at position (i,j), entry 𝑥* at position (j,i), and 0 elsewhere. So we get linear maps ξᵢⱼ : 𝕆→𝔥₃(𝕆), and with the Jordan product ∘ we […]
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