Symbiotic #rhizobia form nitrogen-fixing partnerships with #plant roots. This study by @albinteulet.bsky.social & @dromius.bsky.social uses structural modelling to predict how secreted proteins may mimic plant factors in a strategy shared with pathogens.
🧪 #AcademicSky #symbiosis
plos.io/4j6bWj0
![Nightjar vortex wake displays double tip vortices and upstroke thrust. Wake vortices shown as iso-surfaces of total vorticity [s−1] (iso value = 100), color-coded by downwash velocity (vz) of a sample sequence of a European nightjar flying at 9 m/s. Note the double tip vortices during the downstroke (upper inlet) and the reversed vortices at the outer wing during the upstroke (lower inlet). The inlets show in-plane velocity vectors on a background of the streamwise vorticity with blue showing clockwise rotation and yellow/red counterclockwise rotation. Vectors are not scaled the same in the two inlets but are scaled to facilitate interpretation of the flow. Units on the 3D-axes are in m.](https://cdn.bsky.app/img/feed_thumbnail/plain/did:plc:5522ztebtekoor5efelihqhb/bafkreih5bmji5diad6pa7tkd4ionxftb4naqrhgxxhbxugkvj53ewblj44)
![Nightjar vortex wake displays double tip vortices and upstroke thrust. Wake vortices shown as iso-surfaces of total vorticity [s−1] (iso value = 100), color-coded by downwash velocity (vz) of a sample sequence of a European nightjar flying at 9 m/s. Note the double tip vortices during the downstroke (upper inlet) and the reversed vortices at the outer wing during the upstroke (lower inlet). The inlets show in-plane velocity vectors on a background of the streamwise vorticity with blue showing clockwise rotation and yellow/red counterclockwise rotation. Vectors are not scaled the same in the two inlets but are scaled to facilitate interpretation of the flow. Units on the 3D-axes are in m.](https://cdn.bsky.app/img/feed_thumbnail/plain/did:plc:5522ztebtekoor5efelihqhb/bafkreifg6tk37243jikngyvr4wxsxeixmvjrctmopd2ik4dt7z2pmd7bpq)
![Structural analysis of the differential effects on binding affinity.
(A) The Cαs of VH S24, VH S52, VH F54, and VH I73 in CR9114 are shown as spheres (PDB 4FQI) [15]. CR9114 and HA are in blue and white, respectively. The local chemical environment for (B) VH S24, (C) VH S52 and VH F54, and (D) VH I73 are shown. Black dashed lines represent H-bonds. (E) The structure of HA-bound CR9114 with VH W73 is modeled. Red circle indicates steric clash.](https://cdn.bsky.app/img/feed_thumbnail/plain/did:plc:5522ztebtekoor5efelihqhb/bafkreifuwvw5kmmb2zxjbcehei52sfn5rrg45wel6we7lajfjvhzjso5ye)