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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social

@patricktbrown31.bsky.social
339 followers 167 following 132 posts

Head of Climate Analytics, Trend Analytics / Interactive Brokers; Adjunct faculty (lecturer) in Energy Policy & Climate at Johns Hopkins; Sr. Fellow at The Breakthrough Institute.

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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
A more complete analysis and discussion is presented in a working paper under development here: weather.weatherclimatehumansystems.org/papers/Brown...
weather.weatherclimatehumansystems.org
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
The analysis is available in a live-updating form here: weather.weatherclimatehumansystems.org/accuracy.html
weather.weatherclimatehumansystems.org
Weather prediction market accuracy
How the ForecastEx prediction market scores against twenty alternative forecast systems, city-day by city-day at every lead, with probabilistic skill, a city map and a full scorecard.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
Read a blog article about the analysis here: www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
interactivebrokers.com
ForecastEx weather prediction market consistently outperforms alternatives | IBKR Campus US
At meaningful lead times, ForecastEx has 21% to 25% lower forecast errors for daily high temperatures than even the next-best alternative among twenty.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
At meaningful lead times, ForecastEx has 21% to 25% lower forecast errors for daily high temperatures than even the next-best established alternative forecasting system among twenty I investigated.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
In the most comprehensive analysis of this question that I know of to date, I am seeing that the ForecastEx prediction market is doing just that.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
It is far less clear that prediction markets should improve on mature predictions of the physical world, like weather forecasts, which rest on established physical and statistical models developed over decades.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
However, the intuition is that prediction markets add the most value on subjective questions where information is widely dispersed, and human cognitive biases play a large role.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/09/2026
Prediction markets have a documented history of aggregating and distilling information into a well-calibrated price or probability that represents the “wisdom of the crowd”....
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 30/07/2026
www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
interactivebrokers.com
Fair Value Weather & Climate — Thursday, July 30, 2026 | IBKR Campus US
A detailed daily look at some of the most interesting weather and climate prediction markets at ForecastEx and elsewhere.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 19/03/2026
www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
interactivebrokers.com
Prediction markets might already be the best source for today’s weather forecast. | IBKR Campus US
Prediction markets genuinely improve forecasts, even in a highly scientific and mature field such as weather forecasting.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 01/02/2026
www.artemis.bm/news/weather...
artemis.bm
Weather the most frequently traded forecast contracts at Interactive Brokers: Founder - Artemis.bm
Interactive Brokers’ ForecastEx platform, which allows investors to buy ‘yes’ or ‘no’ contracts based on stated outcomes for specific indicators, is
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/01/2026
Will the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) Collapse? Prediction Markets Can Quantify Sentiment www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
interactivebrokers.com
Will the Atlantic Overturning Circulation (AMOC) Collapse? Prediction Markets Can Quantify Sentiment | IBKR Campus US
Prediction markets can quantify sentiment on the possibility of a major ocean current collapsing due to climate change.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 18/12/2025
I use this framework to attempt to shed light on how it can simultaneously be true that 1) disaster losses keep breaking records even while 2) most hazards aren’t changing dramatically, and 3) mortality rates from extreme events have fallen.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 18/12/2025
It was a pleasure to be on the IBKR Cents of Security podcast today, discussing my favorite framework for thinking about the risks from extreme weather: Hazard × Exposure × Vulnerability. www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/podca...
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 18/12/2025
This has downstream implications for many entities in the energy sector, and thus, taking positions on certain parts of the temperature strike ladder can be used to hedge against adverse outcomes.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 18/12/2025
Uncertainty in next-day temperature (as reflected in the range of strikes and associated prices/probabilities in prediction markets) can translate into millions of dollars of uncertainty in energy expenditure for a given metro area.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 18/12/2025
Does the range of plausible temperatures in a next-day forecast translate into any substantial difference in expectations for the day’s energy expenditure? A simple calculation shows that the answer is yes. www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
interactivebrokers.com
Energy expenditure implications of next-day temperature forecasts | IBKR Campus US
The range of plausible next-day temperature outcomes can translate into millions of dollars in differences in energy expenditure.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 25/11/2025
ForecastEx has launched weather-forecast prediction markets, allowing participants to take financial positions on the daily high temperatures for an initial offering of 10 US cities. In this article, I lay out tools for forecasting & IDing mispricings. www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
interactivebrokers.com
Daily High Temperature Markets at ForecastEx | IBKR Campus US
A guide for participants and observers of daily temperature forecast markets at ForecastEx.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 18/11/2025
www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
interactivebrokers.com
What do prediction markets indicate about the rhetoric at this year’s international climate conference? | IBKR Campus US
Prediction markets can tell us whether pledges coming out of the climate negotiations are likely to make a substantive difference.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 10/11/2025
How prediction markets can help: www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 10/11/2025
When Are Scientific Claims Untrustworthy? Distinguishing between science and political opinions masquerading as science www.breakthroughjournal.org/p/when-are-s...
breakthroughjournal.org
When Are Scientific Claims Untrustworthy?
Distinguishing between science and political opinions masquerading as science
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 07/11/2025
It was great to be on the IBKR Cents of Security podcast today, discussing the long-term rise in global agricultural productivity and the headwinds from climate change. www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
interactivebrokers.com
Climate Change’s Impact on Global Agriculture and Food Security | IBKR Campus US
Exploring climate change’s impact on global agriculture and food security.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 29/10/2025
ForecastEx Odds of a Major Hurricane Landfall Compared to Weather Models. By the afternoon of October 26th onward, ForecastEx odds were better than Google DeepMind’s at indicating a major hurricane landfall in Cuba. www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 28/10/2025
The storm didn't begin its northeastward progression as soon as some models anticipated. According to the HWRF model (00Z 10/28 run) Hurricane eye landfall times are: Jamaica: 10/28, 18:00 UTC or 2:00 PM ET Cuba: 10/29, 6:00 UTC or 2:00 AM ET The Bahamas: 10/29, 21:00 UTC or 5:00 PM ET.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 27/10/2025
Hurricane Prediction Market Update [10/27/2025] www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
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Reposted by PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social
Andy Revkin 🌎 ✍🏼 🪕 ☮️ revkin.substack.com @revkin.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
Glad this climate and energy conversation is up and running.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
Additionally, we received 24 questions beforehand (many of which had to be cut due to time constraints in the episode). I have provided bullet point-style written responses with references/links that viewers seeking more detail may find helpful. www.breakthroughjournal.org/p/24-questio...
breakthroughjournal.org
24 Questions on Extreme Weather, Disasters, and Climate Change
As Seen on PBS Energy Switch
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
S7 Ep4: Extreme Weather part 2 | Floods, fires and storms are flat or down, but risk and damages have increased. www.pbs.org/video/extrem...
pbs.org
Energy Switch | Extreme Weather part 2 | Season 7 | Episode 4
Floods, fires and storms are flat or down, but risk and damages have increased.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
S7 Ep3: Extreme Weather part 1 | Our experts dig through IPCC data to reveal surprising trends in extreme weather. www.pbs.org/video/extrem...
pbs.org
Energy Switch | Extreme Weather part 1 | Season 7 | Episode 3
Our experts dig through IPCC data to reveal surprising trends in extreme weather.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
You can watch the full discussion here:
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
Additionally, a major part of the perception is that activists in the climate movement have found it very useful to connect extreme weather to elevated greenhouse gas concentrations as a tool of advocacy.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
What is put in front of our eyeballs is largely Earth's pre-existing extreme weather hazards interacting with vastly increased exposure over time and then disseminated to us much more efficiently than ever before through the internet and algorithms.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
I think there's a huge gap between what you’d read in the IPCC chapter on extreme weather (WG1 CH 11) and what you see in a lot of media.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
That also means that outcomes from extreme weather today are dictated much more by societal arrangements and background economic development than by the severity of the hazard itself.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
Meanwhile, climate-sensitive outcomes, such as per capita deaths from extreme weather or $ damage per $ exposed, have declined over time due to economic and technological development.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
However, global fire activity, global floods, global meteorological droughts, global hurricane activity, global mid-latitude cyclones, severe thunderstorms, and their subhazards aren’t changing at nearly the pace (or sometimes even in the direction) many people think.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
I highlight that elevated greenhouse gas concentrations, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels, are causing an increase in heatwaves and coastal flooding as well as a decrease in coldwaves.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/10/2025
I was recently on two episodes of the PBS show Energy Switch, hosted by Scott Tinker, alongside @revkin.bsky.social. The topic was extreme weather, disasters, and climate change.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 10/09/2025
Where Are The Hurricanes? Prediction Market Update [9/10/2025]. It’s the typical peak of the Atlantic hurricane season, but the basin remains calm, and that’s tipping the prices in prediction markets. www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
interactivebrokers.com
Where Are The Hurricanes? Prediction Market Update [9/10/2025] | IBKR Campus US
It’s the typical peak of the Atlantic Hurricane season, but the basin remains calm, and that’s tipping the prediction markets.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 27/08/2025
There’s a real possibility that Hurricane Erin may still be the only hurricane of the 2025 Atlantic season by the end of next week. As it stands, the market probabilities at ForecastEx appear to be overvaluing the odds of high activity. www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 27/08/2025
I had a great time participating in the @srm360.bsky.social‬ panel on wildfires, their impacts, and how solar geoengineering could mitigate the threat. youtu.be/w38WX530ATA
youtu.be
Making Sense of Wildfires and Solar Geoengineering
YouTube video by SRM360
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 21/08/2025
Do we still expect an active hurricane season? www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/08/2025
This is just the latest datapoint highlighting the potential of machine learning methods to continue to help us improve our weather forecasts and disaster preparedness.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/08/2025
It is notable that Google DeepMind's ML Model foresaw Erin’s extreme rapid intensification as a real possibility as early as last Tuesday evening, while the traditionally most relied upon physical model, ECMWF-ENS, did not have Erin’s level of rapid intensification within its realm of possibility.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/08/2025
But forecasting systems are constantly evolving and have continually improved over time, with Machine Learning and AI methods now leading this development.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/08/2025
One of the main concerns about rapid intensification (and the possibility of more storms undergoing rapid intensification in a warming climate) is that if forecast systems are unable to predict it, rapid intensification would reduce forecast accuracy and disaster preparedness.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/08/2025
To be classified as “rapid intensification,” a storm’s wind speeds must increase by 35 mph in 24 hours, so this was more than a ‘double’ rapid intensification.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 16/08/2025
Hurricane Erin exhibited extreme rapid intensification over the past 24 hours, with wind speeds increasing by 75 mph, from 70 mph at 8:00 AM Friday to 145 mph (Category 4) at 8:00 AM Saturday.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 15/08/2025
Hurricane Erin update in the context of our climate prediction markets. www.interactivebrokers.com/campus/trade...
interactivebrokers.com
Hurricane Prediction Market Commentary 8/15/2025 | IBKR Campus US
The southern US, the Caribbean, and Bermuda are keeping their eyes on Hurricane Erin. As the E in Erin suggests, it is the 5th named storm of the Atlantic hurricane season and is the first hurricane.
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PatrickTBrown31.bsky.social @patricktbrown31.bsky.social · 13/06/2025
Nice overview by @robmayeda.bsky.social of our research regarding the potential for fuel reduction methods, such as prescribed burning and mechanical thinning, to reduce wildfire intensity in a warming California: nbcbayarea.com/news/local/c... Underlying paper: iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1...
nbcbayarea.com
Why wildfire fuels matter more in a warming climate
A warming climate has made it more challenging to deal with wildfires by extending the number of days they can occur and leading to faster-growing larger fires that can have major impacts on air quali...
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