The ribosomal incorporation of backbone-modified amino acid analogs into peptides and proteins enables the programmed synthesis of sequence-defined biopolymers with tunable properties. However, the su...

Thioesters are critical chemical intermediates in numerous extant biochemical reactions and are invoked as key reagents during prebiotic peptide synthesis on an evolving Earth. Here we asked if a thio...

The programmed synthesis of sequence-defined biomaterials whose monomer backbones diverge from those of canonical α-amino acids represents the next frontier in protein and biomaterial evolution. Such ...