Casey Dunn's laboratory in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Yale University.

Comb jellies are helping answer fundamental questions in biology, from how the earliest nervous systems evolved to how bioluminescence works.

Aggregative multicellularity was key to the evolution of the multicellular animal genetic toolkit.

A genomic survey suggests that cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases diversified before the establishment of multicellular organisms.

How animals evolved from their unicellular ancestor is a fundamental biological question. The fact that all animals are monophyletic—sharing a single common ancestor—implies their origin from unicellular eukaryotes was likely driven by rare and highly advantageous innovations. While the fossil record and initial genomic comparisons suggested animals originated by the rapid acquisition of many novel genes, new research on animal’s closest unicellular relatives reveals most of those genes originated before animals evolved. Here we present a new model for animal origins, which shares similarities with the origin of one of the greatest technological innovations of our time: the smartphone. We show that the origin of both animals and smartphones was due to the integration and repurposing of pre-existing components driven by a novel “operating system”, rather than the sudden emergence of many new parts. This model offers testable predictions and a new theoretical framework for understanding complex biological innovation.

Global metabarcoding reveals contrasting oceanic population-genetic structure between protists and multicellular eukaryotes.